The purpose of the research undertaken has its origins in the current scientific and practical concerns increasingly hard to identify and set up a tillage system, agronomicaly efficient, financial and reduced energy costs, environmental friendly to replace the classic system. The objectives and activities fall within the current agricultural research and agricultural practice, on international and national level, for the study of the importance of hydro-physical characteristics of the edaphic coating in substantiation of conservative tillage systems. From the geomorphological point of view the perimeter of the investigated area belongs to the large physical–geographic unity called the Vinga High Plain. That is the oldest and the most complex among Banat-Crisana plains and extends south of Mures everglade, west of Lipova hills, north of Bega low plain, east of Galatca plain. There are presented physico-geographical conditions of soil formation and evolution, based on judiciously selected reference to the conditions of relief, geology and lithology of surface materials, hydrography and hydrology, climate and vegetation conditions. Soil’s texture is medium clay on the whole profile. The Apparent Density (DA) has medium values in the worked layer from the classic system, high in the first 10 cm in no-till system and very high in the middling third of the soil profile in the two systems. The Total Porosity (PT) has low values in the 0 – 33 cm interval, and also in the 45 – 96 cm one. The aeration porosity has very low values, excepting the worked layer from the classic system, where it has low values and the first 10 cm depth in No-till system where the values are very low. From the analysis of climate data results a large variability of rainfall fell from year to year and from one period to another feature, thus optimal precipitation amounts between 1992-2010 were recorded in only four agricultural years (26,6%). Soil moisture values were closely related to the amount of rainfall recorded in the area. Considering the evolution of soil moisture in the period 2005-2010 the observations made monthly (by taking soil samples and laboratory determinations) shows that the values from cultures in no-tillage system are the more uniform values in the soil profile.

soil, moisture, properties, Vinga plain, no-till

Presentation: oral