The purpose of this paper is to describe the physical and chemical soil with the vast share of the investigated area . It is essential to know the physical-chemical soil properties, since they provide information on the soil quality, thus enabling people to establish strategies for its most efficient usage or exploitation. Preluvosoil occupies an area of 3578.16 ha , 56.86 % . The physical and chemical characteristics of the investigated area preluvisols , has many differences compared to the parent rock in which they were formed. Eutricambic soils occupies an area of 795.43 ha , 12.64%. Eutricambic soils are characterized by a well developed soil profile, but only slightly differentiated from a textural and morphologic point of view.Vertosoils occupies an area of 454.64 ha Giarmata , 7.23 %. Vertisols in the investigated area are found in various stages of gleyzation. Gley soils occupies an area of 242.88 ha . These soils were formed mainly by fluvial deposits weak still and carbonated. Alluvosoils occupies an area of 88.66 ha (1.41 % ) , neinudabile encountered along river banks or rarely flood. The evolution stage varies with different bioclimatic areas, or within the same bioclimatic area, in transversal section, from the minor waterbed to the terrace connection. The soil is considered the basic natural resource of every efficient, productive and sustainable agricultural system, simultaneously being limited and more complex than air and water, representing the essential life support. In time, the concept about soil and its functions has evolved. Soil properties can evolve over time under the climatic, biologic and anthropic factors.

soil, agriculture, forestry, agricultural products

Presentation: oral