According to the data of ICPA Bucharest (2010), the area of acid soils in Romania is 3.424.000 hectares, out of which 1.867.000 hectares represent arable land which needs to be amended by applying calcium amendments. Based on the data gathered by the agricultural chemistry laboratories, Z. Borlan et al. (1969) showed that at the end of 1967 the area of soils needing improvement by applying calcareous amendments represents 1.700.000 hectares, out of which 1.100.000 hectares are arable land and 500.000 ha represent grasslands and non-alpine meadows. Out of the total areas needing amendments, 71.720 hectares are located on the current territory of Caras Severin County, a county in which Vermes commune is located where the research was carried out. The material used for amendments was dolomite which has a content of CaO 32.8%, CaCO3 58.5%, Mg 0.19%, Mg CO3 40.9%. The used wheat species was the common wheat (sp. Triticum aestivum L. ssp. Vulgare, erythrospermum variety). The climate of the area according to the Köppen classification is c.f.b.x. The soil on which the study was made is a typical gley soil that is very strongly gleyed. The experiences were bifactorial in which the A factor represented the applied dolomite dose and the B factor was the fertilization level. The synthesis of the obtained results highlights the favourable effect of the dolomite which increased the harvest by 19% in the version amended of 2 t/ha and by 30% in the version amended with 4 t/ha. The nitrogen fertilizers applied on a constant basis of P80K80 favourably influenced the harvest that increased together with the applied dose of 12% in the version fertilized with N50 and by 36% in the version fertilized with N200. The analysed quality indexes, respectively the mass of 1000 grains (MMB g), standard mass per storage volume (MH kg/hl), protein content (%) and wet gluten content (%) were favourably influenced by the correction of acidity via the application of dolomite and fertilization with NPK, with the values specified in the paperwork. In conclusion, the research results show that the application of dolomite in doses of 2-4 tons/ha is grounded and assures economic increases of the harvest in wheat in areas containing acid soils.

Effect of the dolomite in wheat on acid soils.

field crops and pastures

Presentation: poster