Abstract. The article presents methods to improve the productivity and floristic composition of natural grasslands used as transition pastures in Muminabad district, Tajikistan. In this region livestock is moving annually from winter pastures to summer pastures. The number of the animals implied in this transition is 3 million heads. The author carried out the botanical surveys of the experimental plots with the aim of comparing their modification. Before selecting the experimental plot and set the experiments there has been determined the vegetation of the pasture, considering floristic composition and consumption of natural vegetation. In order to determinate the yield of fodder crops there was sowed sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia), alfalfa (Medicago sativa) and a mixture of these legumes with meadow fescue (Festuca pratensis). Before sowing the seeds, the surface of the soil was treated with a Chinese two-wheel tractor (15hp). Sowing of fodder crops carried out in spring time, beginning of February 2018. For the obtaining of fodder crops yield there were used mineral fertilizers as ammophos (N-12P2O5-52) and carbamide (NH2)2CO. Experimental field has a total area of 1800 sq. meter, which was 20 sq meter for each plot. The results of our research showed that the highest yield were obtained from legume – grasses mixture, respectively 7.9 t/ha for sainfoin mixture with meadow fescue..

Key words: pastures, natural grasslands, fodder crops, sainfoin, alfalfa, meadow fescue.

field crops and pastures

Presentation: poster