Optimizing nitrogen (N) fertilization is a key factor for achieving high productivity and improving nutrient use efficiency in maize (Zea mays L.). This study investigated the impact of different nitrogen management strategies on grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and selected quality parameters under field conditions. Conventional fertilization based on urea and ammonium nitrate was compared with alternative approaches involving a controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and a liquid nitrogen fertilizer. The analysis included grain yield, partial nitrogen productivity (PUN), nitrogen concentration in grain and stover, and selected grain quality traits such as thousand kernel weight and protein content. The results showed that controlled-release nitrogen applied during early crop development ensured grain yields comparable to conventional fertilization, while improving nitrogen use efficiency and reducing residual nitrogen in vegetative biomass. Furthermore, this fertilization strategy enhanced nitrogen allocation towards grain formation. In contrast, liquid nitrogen fertilization provided moderate nitrogen efficiency but was associated with lower yields when applied without complementary nitrate-based sources. The obtained results showed that maize response to nitrogen fertilization depended largely on the fertilization strategy and fertilizer type, not only on the total nitrogen rate applied. These findings highlight the importance of fertilizer type and nitrogen management strategy in improving nitrogen use efficiency and sustaining maize productivity under field conditions.

nitrogen use efficiency; liquid nitrogen fertilizer; controlled-release fertilizer; reduced nitrogen input; sustainable agriculture

agronomy

Presentation: poster