The main goal of the work is to evaluate and streamline the technological flow of mechanization for alfalfa cultivation in the Peciu Nou area. The aim is to identify the most suitable equipment configurations that ensure high yield, maintain the nutritional quality of the forage and reduce operational costs (fuel and labor) in the specific soil and climate conditions of the Timiș Plain. The objectives of the study are: analysis of local conditions: - evaluation of the influence of soil type (predominantly chernozem) on the seedbed preparation works; optimization of the set of machines: - selection of optimal machines for sowing, maintenance and, especially, for staged harvesting (mowing, turning, gathering, baling); loss reduction: - minimization of plant mass losses (especially leaves) by correctly choosing the timing and working speed of the machines; energy efficiency: monitoring diesel consumption per unit of finished product. The study was carried out on a farm in Peciu Nou, using an experimental area cultivated with a variety of alfalfa adapted to the western area. The material used was a fleet of medium-power tractors, conditioner mowers, rotary rakes and balers (cylindrical/parallelepipedal bales). The implementation of optimized mechanization technology led to a reduction in work execution time by approximately 15-20% compared to the traditional method. The use of mowers equipped with conditioning systems accelerated the drying process of the plant mass, reducing the risk of degradation due to unpredictable precipitation. Also, by correctly calibrating the balers, an optimal bale density was obtained, facilitating transport and storage. The final results indicate that the correct choice of the moment of mechanized intervention is crucial for preserving the crude protein content of alfalfa in the Peciu Nou area.

technology, mechanization, alfalfa, Peciu Nou

mechanical engineering

Presentation: poster