The article presents the results of research on the influence of water consumption, depending on the length (96, 144 and 192) meters of the irrigation furrow with a relief slope of tg = 0.021, on the leaching of nitrogen, phosphorus and humus from irrigated soils of dry subtropics of Azerbaijan under apple trees. Influence of mineral and organic fertilizer systems on the yield of apple trees was also studied under conditions of leaching of nutrients. With a 96-meter furrow and a water flow rate of 0.2 l/s, the content of leachable biogenic elements (N, P) and gross humus with soil was 0.01% for nitrogen and phosphorus, and 0.02% for gross humus. Increasing water flow from 0.2 l/s up to 0.4 l/sec negatively affects the leaching of humus, nitrogen and phosphorus from the soil. These figures increased markedly by 0.01% for humus, nitrogen and phosphorus with a water flow rate of 0.4 l/s. Leaching of nutrients and humus from the soil increases along the length of the irrigation furrow in both rates of water consumption. It has been established that with an increase in the length of the furrow to 192 meters at a water flow rate of 0.4 l/sec. leaching was greater compared to the 96 m furrow, in humus by 0.22%, in nitrogen by 0.07% and in phosphorus by 0.04%. Using of an organic-mineral fertilizer system (Phon + N120P120K90) had a positive effect on the yield of apple trees. Thus, in the unfertilized variant on a 94 meter furrow, the apple tree yield was 274.2 centners per hectare - with the lengthening of the furrow to 192 meters, the yield gradually decreased due to the high content of leachable nutrients and humus (268.5 centners per hectare). When applying N120P120K90 + 10 t/ha of manure, 278.4 q/ha yield was found at 96 m, furrow and at 0.2 l/s and water flow. Whereas with the lengthening of the furrow to 192 m in the same norm of fertilizers and water consumption, the yield decreased to 278.2 c/ha, that is, the lengthening of the furrow was ineffective with slopes tg = 0.021. It has been established that at large slopes, the shorter the furrow, the less nutrients are washed out.

nutrients, meadow, agrocenoses

agronomy

Presentation: poster