This study analyzes the physical and physico-mechanical properties of two representative soils from Sânandrei (Timiș County, Romania): molic preluvosol and eutric gleysol. The research is based on detailed pedological data, including granulometric composition, bulk density, total porosity, aeration porosity, water retention capacity, and soil compaction indicators. The results indicate that both soils belong to the fine-textured class (clayey-loam), which significantly influences their water retention capacity and aerohydric regime. The molic preluvosol is characterized by high bulk density (1.46–1.60 g/cm³), low total porosity (38–42%), and reduced aeration porosity, indicating significant compaction and limited permeability. In contrast, the eutric gleysol shows lower bulk density (1.28–1.42 g/cm³) and higher total porosity (43–49%), but negative aeration porosity values, reflecting excessive water saturation and poor oxygen availability. Water retention capacity is higher in gleysol, with field capacity values reaching up to 44%, compared to 22–24% in preluvosol. However, this advantage is offset by poor drainage and reduced biological activity. The comparative analysis highlights that preluvosol is mainly limited by mechanical constraints, while gleysol is affected by hydric excess. The study emphasizes the importance of adapting soil management practices to specific physical limitations. Recommended measures include deep loosening and organic amendments for preluvosol, and drainage and controlled tillage for gleysol. These findings contribute to a better understanding of soil functionality in the Banat Plain and provide a scientific basis for sustainable agricultural management.

soils, physical properties, physico-mechanical properties, molic preluvusol, gleiosol, fertility

agronomy

Presentation: poster