Many studies on different soil types from Banat area have shown that soils may contain several tons of organic matter per hectare. Most of it can be only slowly degraded and metabolized by soil organism as a consequence of both its physical and chemical stabilization. There are three categories of microenviroments- free unprotected particles, particles occluded in an inorganic or organic microenvironment and adsorbed particles. Proportions of free particulate organic matter, humus and nitrate vary widely and are affected by land use, vegetation and soil type, climate, and other factors. For the main types of soils from Banat like Fluvisols, Chernozems, Phaeozems, Cambisols, Luvisols, Podzols, Vertisols, Gleysols, humus, nitrogen and nitrate. There are also discussed the impact of the nitrates of environment. The ecological impacts of nitrate on aquatic ecosystems can be serious so, it is important to minimize nitrate losses from agricultural soils as much as possible.

organic matter; humus; nitrogen; nitrate; soil

Presentation: oral