Due to the complexity, labor intensity, and long duration of the breeding process duration, combined with constantly changing environmental conditions, the stability of yields over a long period of time in a variable environment is of paramount importance. Yield is increasingly determined by stress tolerance rather than maximum genetic potential by stress tolerance rather than by maximum genetic potential under ideal growing conditions is a key paradigm in modern breeding, especially in the context of climate change currently. The present study evaluates the productivity and adaptability of the Bulgarian malting barley variety “Gorast”. The experiment is based on data from the trials within the Executive Agency of Variety Testing Field Inspection and Seed Control system during the 2010 and 2011 growing seasons and the current agroecological conditions in Bulgaria in 2024 and 2025 vegetation years. Bulgaria has a long-standing tradition of conducting scientific and experimental research aimed at developing new cereal varieties, particularly barley. There is a rich collection of cultivars that form the country’s varietal structure, developed during various periods. Significant changes in environmental conditions on a global scale necessitate a reassessment of established varieties as a source of biodiversity, considering current growing conditions. The results of the current research confirm the relevance of the Gorast cultivar. Although it was recognized, zoned, and listed in Bulgaria’s variety register in 2012, trials conducted more than a decade later reveal that the studied cultivar retains its breeding significance and can be recommended for cultivation today in regions with variable agroecological conditions. The most recent experiments confirm that Gorast is characterized by a balanced combination of agronomic traits such as broader adaptation, delivering more stable yields (average 676 kg/dka) across a wider range of environmental conditions, less susceptible to lodging, consistent thousand-kernel weight (av. 50 g.), and favorable grain malting qualities (11% protein, 80% extract) compared to the standards.

barley breeding, cultivar describtion, Hordeum vulgare L., re-evaluation, yield stability

agronomy

Presentation: poster