Genotype diversity (morphological, ecological in the mechanisms of heterosis, through the action of the complementary favorable additive genes, favorable intrallelic and interallelic interactions, and even through the interactions between the nuclear genetic systems and the cytoplasmic factors. (Moll et al. 1962, Lamkey and Edwards 1999, ). The genetic and phenotypic diversity of inbred maize lines proved to be particularly necessary in the process of creating hybrids, this being the foundation of the heterosis phenomena – the main way of preventing genetic vulnerability – leading to the hybrid combinations that are preferred by cultivators and seed producers. The study presents an estimate of the diversity of some new inbred lines, the heterosis and the relationship between diversity and heterosis. We used as parental forms 5 inbred lines considered as indicators of heterotic groups and 12 lines, new creations of the maize breeding team at S.C.D.A. Turda. By cross-breeding these lines, 70 simple hybrids were obtained that were experimented on in comparative cultures for 3 years. The  obtained data was processed and we established the phenotypic differentiation index (IDF), the heterosis in the simple hybrids (Hallauer and Miranda 1981), the genetic diversity both at additive and non-additive levels, as well as the correlations between the diversity indicators. The results that we obtained lead us to the conclusion that the most efficient discrimination of the diversity of the inbred lines can be realized by simultaneously taking into consideration both quantitative indicators of diversity – Hr%, IDF and IDĝ+Σš mn.

phenotypic, genetic diversity

Presentation: oral