Valcani commune is located in the western part of the Arancai Plain, in the lowest part of it on the Romanian territory, part of the Banat Plain. Valcaniul is a border town and is located in the west end of Timis county, on the border with Serbia, about 20 km southwest of the city of Sânnicolau Mare. At the same time, it is a crossing point of the Romanian-Serbian border. It is bounded on the north by the Bulgarian Colony, on the northeast by the Old Dudeştii, on the southeast by the Teremia Mică, on the south by Mokrin (Serbia) and on the west by Vrbica (Serbia). The first documentary attestation of Valcani dates back to 1256, with the name Kywolkan villa. In the past it was owned by the Csanad family, as well as other localities in the area. In the seventeenth century here would be settled Romanians from Transylvania and Caraş and Severin. In 1717 it was annexed to the county of Timiş. Due to the presence of smectic clay soils, solonets and lithosols, it is favored to water the water, there are large areas of reservoir. The most representative types of soils present in the territory of Valcani are: 1. Chernozymes: 7.0%; 2. Gleiosoils: 0.2%; 3. Solonet: 0.8%; 4. Vertisols: 43.0% 5. Alluvial soils: 37.0%; 6. Soil associations: 12.0%. From a climatic point of view, Valcani commune benefits from a temperate-continental climate with sub-Mediterranean influences, a climate characterized mainly by mild winters and moderately warm summers, with an average multiannual temperature of 11C and a multiannual precipitation value of 536.3mm. , according to the Sannicolau Mare station, the closest to the area of interest. Valcani commune was established for the first time in 1877 and served as an administrative unit until 1968, when it was abolished, being attached to the commune of Dudeştii Vechi. Following a local referendum held in 2004, the commune of Valcani was formed, consisting of a single village. Following the Protocol concluded between the Commune Dudestii Vechi and Commune Valcani, on the basis of Law 84/2004 and of the provisions of Law 7/1996, of the Order of the Prefect no.672 / 02.08.2005 and of the Order no.534 / 2001 of the Ministry of Public Administration regarding the approval of the Technical Norms for the Introduction of the General Cadastre, the territorial limits of the commune (Valcani Commune) were established, separated from the Dudestii Vechi commune, by negotiation between the representatives of the parties, resulting for Valcani Commune, a total area (extra-urban and intra-urban), of 6243.38 ha. During the three agricultural years studied, namely 2015, 2016 and 2017, we noticed that cereals such as wheat, maize and triticale, but also of oilseed plants, especially the flower, have a high share in the agricultural field. sun and rapeseed. Important areas grown in the past with cereals have been replaced with technical plants but especially with fodder, clover and alfalfa plants.

Valcani, soil, agriculture, cereals, technical plants

sciences soil

Presentation: poster