Jerusalem artichoke, known as topinambour in Romania, is a plant that is also known as porcini turnip. This plant could play a very important role in the management of resources in the future, especially since it is also a plant used as a food source. From the anatomical point of view, the tubers are used. They have a potato-like shape but the tuber colors are generally white, purple or yellow. Ethanol is extracted from this species tubers. This kind of alcohol that is extracted from the main crop of a Jerusalem artichoke plants is considered biofuel and meets all the requirements of the European Union Directive RED II (Renewable Energy Directive). This is because Jerusalem artichoke is a plant that is easy to implement as a field crop, even on poorer soil types. Also it has a diversified genetic resources needed for easy breeding. Tuber production can increase the biofuel industry or, in the worst case scenario, it can be used to obtain biogas, another biofuel. This is because the tuber production transformation on assimilated organic matter varies between 0.4-0.8 t/ha. The tuber production on poor land is between 6-9 t / ha and on fertile land it can reach 20-30 t / ha . Also, the tubers of Helianthus tuberosus can be used in the pharmaceutical industry to obtain sweeteners. In view of all the above, it is important to know which pathogens affect topinabur plants in spontaneous flora and reserve their inoculation, as these are the most likely factors that will affect topinabur crops under these conditions. implemented by farmers. The existence of spontaneous Jerusalem artichoke populations on the rivers valleys in the south-western part of Romania is a welcome fact because it shows the potential of the area for this plant on relatively poor and shallow soils. It should be noted, however, that these populations are affected relatively strongly in the first part of the summer (in June and July) by powdwry mildew and Aternaria sp. leaf spots

Jerusalem artichoke, leaf diseases

biology

Presentation: poster