The rape (Brassica napus L.) is currently one of the most important oilseeds in Europe. In terms of cultivation technology and growing season, we distinguish between winter rape and spring rape. In Hungary, the former is widespread due to higher yields. Rapeseed is grown on more than 25 million ha in the world, the amount of rapeseed produced annually is close to 45 million tons, the average yield is around 1.5 t / ha. In Hungary, in recent years this number has been around 2.5-3.0 t / ha, and its sown area is almost 300 000 ha, depending on the crop rotation. During the growing season of rapeseed, it requires a cooler or moderately warm, frost-free, rainy, humid, climate appropriate to its place of origin. Winter frosts are mainly affected by late-sown, late-hatched, so poorly developed rapeseed, while rapeseed, which has been strengthened until the onset of winter, can withstand dry frost. Variety experiment was set up in Szarvas at the experimental site of the Institute of Irrigation and Water Management of Szent István University in 2020. In the experiment, 12 hybrid rapeseeds were studied in a small-plot, triple-repeat randomized arrangement. The size of the plots was 18 m2. In the course of the research, we conducted autumn and spring surveys to monitor plant development. We also performed pathological bonifications during the spring, because today the cultivation of a modern hybrid can only be successful if it has sufficient resistance to the most important domestic rapeseed pathogens. Before harvest, we counted the number of branches, the length of the branches, the number of buds, and the length of the buds on the average samples taken from each hybrid plant. Of course, the yields obtained after harvest were compared and statistically evaluated together with the individual measurement results. In the case of the autumn development studies, we found that we start the winter with a good, medium-homogeneous development stock for the experiment. No meaningful difference was found between the hybrids. In the spring development studies of 2020, we concluded that the severe drought in winter did not significantly tolerate rapeseed stocks. During the pathological bonification, the recording was performed on a scale of 1 to 9. Where 1 was the highest infection and 9 was the infection-free herd. The data of the surveys showed that, apart from one or two minimal deviations, the herd could be considered infection-free for the most important rape pathogens. When examining the crop-forming elements and the yield, we already found differences between the individual hybrids. These differences were also statistically significant. Overall, yield averages ranged from 2.4t / ha to 4.4t / ha.

rape hybrid, variety experiment, yield

field crops and pastures

Presentation: poster