The sunflower (Helianthus annus) is a plant native to North America spread all over the globe especially for obtaining oil. The oil extracted from the seeds is significant and is characterized by a pleasant color, taste and smell, they have a high content of vitamins (A, D, E, K) and the oil preserves very well for a long period. The sunflower is a plant with high water requirements during certain periods of vegetation with a transpiration coefficient of 480-580. At the same time, it is also a plant with a high resistance to drought. As for the plant's high water requirements, that starts from the second half of June to the first part of August. During these two months the requirements are very high, water consumption represents approximately 65% of the total. During this period the sunflower goes through three critical stages for moisture. In the analyzed period 2019-2021, we can see that the warmest year of the three years was 2019, with an annual average of 12°C. All three years under study exceeded the multiannual average of the normal temperature, they were warmer years. The driest year was the year 2021. It is recommended to use irrigation systems to obtain a fairly balanced and high-quality harvest for years with a deficit in precipitation during the growing season, for example 2021, when the amount of precipitation during the growing season it was very small.

sunflower, oil, water consumption, drought, irrigation

environmental engineering

Presentation: poster