Allergies are exacerbated immune responses of the body to certain structures, called allergens, which under normal conditions do not elicit any response from the body. Cross-reactivity is a phenomenon that reveals the phylogenetic relationship between allergens and is important to consider when starting a diagnostic investigation in order to determine the best route of immunotherapy. The most commonly used methods to asset allergies are: skin prick test, component-resolved diagnosis, immunoglobulin E measurement assay, basophil activation test and challenge tests. Immunotherapy, unlike pharmacotherapy, induces tolerance to certain allergens, even after the completion of treatments, altering the natural course of the pathology. In terms of allergy diagnosis, the main problem is outlined around the quality of allergen extracts. Besides the fact that allergen extracts may have other immunogenic components that are not directly related to the targeted allergy, there are also panallergens in nature that can introduce errors in the diagnosis of some allergies. So the main efforts in this direction are done for the development of purified allergen extracts. In this review we have classified and described allergies based on the causative agent into: pollen allergy, food allergy, dust mite allergy, fungal allergy, insect allergy, pet dander allergy and drug allergy.

allergy, cross-reactivity, immunotherapy, allergy diagnostic methods

biology

Presentation: poster