The quality of water used in agriculture is a critical factor in maintaining plant health and soil fertility, especially in the context of using marginal waters characterized by high salinity and alkalinity. This article analyzes the influence of water pH on plant development parameters, with a focus on the effects generated by irrigation with alkaline water. A review of the relevant literature highlights that a high water pH affects nutrient availability, soil microbial activity, and plant physiological processes, leading to osmotic stress and nutritional imbalances. In parallel, the experimental study examined the impact of irrigation with water having a maximum pH of 9.4 on root development in Allium cepa L., under hydroponic conditions. The results indicated an increase in dry biomass in the batch treated with alkaline water, compared to the controls irrigated with distilled or tap water. The study was unable to confirm the negative effects associated with elevated pH of the tested water, presenting minimal impact on plant development under the present experimental conditions. These findings support the need for rigorous monitoring of irrigation water quality to prevent soil degradation and reduced crop productivity. Future research should explore remediation solutions for the negative effects of alkaline water on soil and plants, as well as the adaptation of irrigation strategies based on crop type and pedoclimatic conditions.

alkaline water, water pH, phytotoxicity, Allium cepa

agronomy

Presentation: poster