The studied territory has a single unit of relief, the plain, in the form of a large alluvial area of subsidence and ramble, which are many abandoned stream beds, representing the old courses of the river Aranca and of its tributaries. The influence and action in time of the pedogenetic factors (relief, rock, climate, hydrology), as well as the human intervention through the important hydroameliorative works that started more than two hundred years ago, determined the existence of a soil cover with a sharp complexity and diversity. Low plains covered with fluivio-lake deposits represent the lowest sector from the area of Banat. Are relatively recent, drained by several rivers with permanent regime. The low slope and local or general subsidences have determined cover of loessoide deposits and of the older alluviums with the recent alluviums or with very fine-textured deposits. By the XVIII century, the rivers had not firmly fixed riverbeds, and the plain served as an intense area of marsh, punctuated by rare banks. After contact with the cone of scattering river Bega River and River, has been developed a discontinuous soil broadband of the salt sodic class. In this paper we aim at presenting a panorama of the soil cover in the Aranca Plain, its yielding potential, fertility limiting factors, and the main problems arisen by the valorising of the soil resources in the area we studied. The area under study is located in the hydrographic basin of the Aranca River, i.e. in the Aranca drainage-drying system, overlapping the old parasitic watercourses of the Mures River, that were frequently flooded before the building of the dams, making the area a true divagation, strongly alluvial one. A main characteristic of the soil cover is the dynamics differentiated in time and space that results from natural conditions of formation and evolution. As a result of pedo-genetic processes there appeared a cover of mosaic-like soil, which is also seen in the main soil types identified in the area under study.

soil; soil cover; chernozem; clime; hydrography; Aranca plain; anthropic

Presentation: oral