Vol 48, No 2 (2016)
THE CELLULOLYTIC MICROORGANISMS AND THE FUNGI IN MOUNTAIN PASTURES DOMINATED BY AGROSTIS TENUIS L pag. 3-7
1Aurica Breica BOROZAN, 1*Despina-Maria BORDEAN,1I. SĂNDOIU, 1*C. BOSTAN, 1M. HORABLAGA,1,2 Luminița COJOCARIUOur research was focused on the activity of cellulolytic microorganisms, but we also highlighted the main species involved in this process, such as the fungi in the soils of spontaneous mountain pastures in 14 locations from Caras-Severin County. The main locations are: Zlatita (C1), Oravita (C2), Anina (C3), Valiug (C4), Bigar (C5), Cuptoare (C6), Garana (C7), Semenic Piatra Goznei (C8), Semenic Station (C9), Barbosu (C10), Eftimie Murgu (C11), Valea Pai (C12), Carasova (C13) and Carasova livada (C14). The dominant species of gramineous plants in these grasslands was A. tenuis L. The experiments took place in laboratory conditions. The isolation of the species and genera of bacteria and fungi was performed on specific growth media for each microbial group, respectively. According to the results obtained, the activity of cellulolytic microorganisms in the tested soils (the range of microbial species involved and the genera of fungi) is generally limited.
more abstractcellulolytic activity, mountain area, A. tenuis L., fungi, cellulolytic bacteria
Presentation: poster
DownloadSCREENING OF XYLANASE PRODUCING MICROORGANISMS pag. 8-15
A. BURLACU, C.P. CORNEA, F. ISRAEL-ROMINGAbstract: Hemicellulose, the second most abundant natural polymer on earth, is a mixture of polysaccharides and vegetable gums, found, together with cellulose and lignin, in plant cell walls. Xylanases are enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of xylan, the major component of hemicellulose. These enzymes are able to hydrolyze xylan, by breaking the β-1,4-glycoside linkages, in order to produce xylose and other degradation compounds. Many degrading microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, yeast etc. have been found to produce xylanases. In this study, our aim was to test different strains regarding their ability to produce xylanases. A screening of the bacterial and fungal strains was performed in order to select the microorganisms that could produce higher amount of xylanases. The strains were cultivated on minimal agar medium with 0.5% oat spelt xylan as the carbon source. The plates were incubated at 28ºC, for three to ten days (depending on microorganism) and analyzed at every 24 hours for the occurrence and evaluation of the halo diameter, using Congo red staining. Based on the xylan hydrolysis area, several microbial strains were selected for further analysis: Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B4, B.amyloliquefaciens BN7, Aspergillus flavus T11, A. flavus AFR A. niger prot., A.niger An4, A.brasiliensis, Trichoderma atroviride TK20, T.viride UV, T. viride Tv2 T.harzianum TK25, T. harzianum P8, Fusarium sp., Penicillium digitatum, Rhizoctonia solani, P. verruculosum KUCC 47345. For enzymatic analysis and the pH variation, the microorganisms were cultivated in liquid medium containing 0.5% oat spelt xylan, at 28ºC for 5-9 days. In addition, the protein assay was carried out in order to calculate the specific enzymatic activity. The best activities were detected in B.amyloliquefaciens B4, A. brasiliensis ATCC 16404, Penicillium digitatum and A.niger An4. These results are significant for further studies regarding lignocellulosic biomass biodegradation by an enzymatic complex.
more abstractKeywords: Xylanase, Bacillus, Aspergillus, Trichoderma, Fusarium, Penicillium
Presentation: oral
DownloadSTUDY OF SOME YIELD COMPONENTS IN DIFFERENT CULTIVARS OF STRAWBERRY pag. 16-20
NATALIA CARP*, CIULCA SThe yield ability in strawberries is a very complex trait that relies on the influence and contribution of several components. Those components must be combined so as to ensure higher levels of yield and a high amount of marketable fruits. The studied biological material was represented by eight varieties with different ecological and genetic origin, which were analyzed in terms of: number of flowers and fruits number per plant, the percentage of ripening fruit, average fruit weight and yield per plant. The most pronounced differences between genotypes were recorded for fruit weight and number of flowers/plant, while in terms of the percentage of fruit ripening the studied cultivars showed similar and statistically undifferentiated values. Taking into account the inter-populations variability for the studied traits, depending on the way they are combined, can be selected cultivars with contrasting traits, in order to use them as genitors. Onda variety has the highest values of plant yield, number of flowers and number of fruits, associated with an average weight of the fruit. Depending on the yield components in different studied cultivars, in order to obtain an efficient yield, technological measures must be taken to foster the development of the traits with higher contributions to the achievement of plant yield.
more abstractstrawberry, yield components, fruit traits
Presentation: oral
DownloadCHANGES IN THE SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF LANDSCAPE pag. 21-28
C. CORPADE*, Alma Lioara NICOLIN**, Ana-Maria CORPADE*, G.-G. ARSENE**Abstract. The paper points out the changes in the landscape structure and functionality within the territory of the Site of Community Interes ROSCI0233 Someșul Rece between 2006 and 2012 as a consequence of the transformations in land cover. In this purpose, GIS applications have been used in order to identify the shift of land parcels between various land cover categories, while changes in the spatial structure of landscape units (changes in land parcel shape, landscape fragmentation etc.) have been expressed through some landscape metrics indices. Results are discussed in relation to the socio-economic changes that have described local communities during the envisaged period (evolution of the local economic activities as forest exploitation and cattle breeding, changes in the demographic structure, land ownership, economic profile of local municipalities etc.). At the same time, the results are analyzed in relation to the protection status of the area (included in the Nature 2000 ecological network) and its conservation objectives.
more abstractKey words: landscape assessment, landscape metrics, forest management, economic transition
Presentation: oral
DownloadUSING PEDOLOGIC INFORMATION IN ESTABLISHING FAVOURABILITY OF MAIN CROPS IN THE GIARMATA AREA pag. 29-36
DUMA – COPCEA ANIŞOARA, STANCIU CRISTINA MIHUŢ CASIANA, NIŢĂ L.,The paper’s purpose is to present eco-pedological resources and the qualitative evaluation in order to facilitate the sustainable development of the presented land (land occupying the highest percentage). The research is oriented on the soils, the accent being on the qualitative evaluation so as to facilitate the sustainable development. The proposed objectives for the elaboration of this paper, were the following: -the characterization of the studied area form the point of view of the natural condition; the study of the environmental factor influence on soil formation and evolution; the study and determination of soil physical and chemical characteristics; as a result of these studies and research, the evaluation of the soil’s productive capacity for a more correct and sustainable usage; the pedological research and studies diversification and specialization. As research materials we used: - land belonging to an administrative-territorial unit for the 6119 ha surface. The calculation of average productions per ha for each bonited plant is done based on a bonitary grade awarded as reported to the technologic level which can be insure at one point, and which establishes the productive capacity of each bonitary point.
more abstractsoil , evaluation, physical and chemical characteristics
Presentation: oral
DownloadDESCRIPTION OF THE SOILS WITH THE HIGHEST PERCENTAGE FROM THE GIARMATA LOCALITY OF THE TIMIȘ COUNTY pag. 37-41
DUMA – COPCEA ANIŞOARA, STANCIU CRISTINA MIHUŢ CASIANA, NIŢĂ L.The purpose of this paper is to describe the physical and chemical soil with the vast share of the investigated area . It is essential to know the physical-chemical soil properties, since they provide information on the soil quality, thus enabling people to establish strategies for its most efficient usage or exploitation. Preluvosoil occupies an area of 3578.16 ha , 56.86 % . The physical and chemical characteristics of the investigated area preluvisols , has many differences compared to the parent rock in which they were formed. Eutricambic soils occupies an area of 795.43 ha , 12.64%. Eutricambic soils are characterized by a well developed soil profile, but only slightly differentiated from a textural and morphologic point of view.Vertosoils occupies an area of 454.64 ha Giarmata , 7.23 %. Vertisols in the investigated area are found in various stages of gleyzation. Gley soils occupies an area of 242.88 ha . These soils were formed mainly by fluvial deposits weak still and carbonated. Alluvosoils occupies an area of 88.66 ha (1.41 % ) , neinudabile encountered along river banks or rarely flood. The evolution stage varies with different bioclimatic areas, or within the same bioclimatic area, in transversal section, from the minor waterbed to the terrace connection. The soil is considered the basic natural resource of every efficient, productive and sustainable agricultural system, simultaneously being limited and more complex than air and water, representing the essential life support. In time, the concept about soil and its functions has evolved. Soil properties can evolve over time under the climatic, biologic and anthropic factors.
more abstractsoil, agriculture, forestry, agricultural products
Presentation: oral
DownloadOBSERVATIONS REGARDING THE BUFFALO' S BEHAVIOR RAISING IN EXTENSIVE SYSTEM pag. 42-50
Liana Mihaela FERICEANAbstract. In this paper we present a few behavioural features of the buffalo grazing, ruminating, resting and the impact of temperature on buffalo's behaviour on pasture in the summer season and stable period. Research was carried out on buffalo populations on private estates in the village of Varfurile and Bontesti, (District of Arad). In buffaloes, the existence of a feeding lot is characteristic. In the summer when the buffalo are held out on the pasture feed was administrated in five period. In stabulation period feed was administered three times a day. During a day were seen two grazing periods: Period from morning until around 12 and the second period starting after 16 pm until around 20. Watering occurs 3 times a day. Resting is the equivalent of ruminating periods and somnolence interrupts these periods of time. If there are puddles or mud holes on the pasture, grazing is limited, as buffaloes prefer mud bathing. On cold weather or on a rainy day, buffaloes spend their resting period standing. Feed quality also influences ruminating. On a high-quality pasture, ruminating has a shorter duration of time than on a more mediocre one, in this latter case ruminating prolonging with 1-3 h. There are two more significant ruminating periods: at noon, between 12 a.m. and 2 p.m., and at night, between 11 p.m. and 3 a.m. On the pasture the buffalo are resting in groups, animals keeping a distance of 1 to 5 meters one between another. If on the pasture there are pools with mud, and the temperatures are high, the buffalo cows will spend a lot of time there, about 4 - 6 hours from a whole day. Results show that caring for buffalo’s in this system allows a better valorising of hill and mountain pastures to give satisfactory milk in the studied yields.
more abstractKeywords: buffaloes, behavior, pasture, stable
Presentation: oral
DownloadRESEARCH REGARDING EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF SPECIES BRACHYCAUDUS HELICHRYSI AND BRACHYCAUDUS CARDUI pag. 51-55
Liana Mihaela FERICEAN, Olga RADA, Mihaela BADILITAAbstract: This paper presents data referring to the external morphological characteristics, the biometrical measurements of species Brachycaudus helichrysi and Brachycaudus cardui. The researches have been carried out for a period of five years, 2005 - 2008 on the potato and 2016 in orchards from the experimental fields of the Didactic Station Timisoara and Varfurile, Arad County. The aptera of Brachycaudus helichrysi has a variable color ranging from brown to green and have a slight wax dusting. The body length is 1.6-2.1 mm. The winged adult of Brachycaudus helichrysi have an oval body, are smaller than aptera and have a length from 1.3 to 1.9 m and can be yellow, olive green, or pink. At the Brachycaudus helichrysii species the smallest length of the body established for aphids captured in Western zone of Romania was 1.30 mm, while the biggest was 1.90 mm. The average body length was 1.68 ± 0.18 mm. The length of the head and thorax was 0.95 mm and minimum length was 0.50 mm. The minimum width of head was 0.20 mm and the maximum width of head was 0.30 mm. The thorax width was minimum 0.40 mm and maximum 0.75 mm. The minimum length of the abdomen was 0.70 mm and minimum width was 0.50 mm, the maximum length of the abdomen was 1.15 mm and the maximum width was 0.90 mm. The wingless aphids of Brachycaudus cardui have an oval body and grow to a length from 1.8 to 2.5 mm. The alate aphids of Brachycaudus cardui have an oval body and grow to a length from 1.7 to 2.4 mm. At Brachycaudus cardui the smallest length of the body established for aphids captured in West Zone of Romania was 1.70 mm, while the biggest was 2.40 mm. The average body length was 2.07 ± 0.19 mm. The length of the head and thorax was 1.10 mm and minimum length was 0.65 mm. The minimum width of head was 0.20 mm and the maximum width of head was 0.40 mm. The thorax width was minimum 0.65 mm and maximum 0.95 mm. The length and width of the abdomen was 0.90 mm and minimum width was 0.70 mm, the maximum length of the abdomen was 1.10 mm and the maximum width was 0.70 mm.
more abstractKeywords: biometric measures, aphid, brachycaudus helichrysi, brachycaudus cardui
Presentation: oral
DownloadMONITORING HYDRO-CLIMATE RISKS IN THE LUGOJ AREA, ROMANIA pag. 56-64
IENCIU Anisoara Aurelia, Şmuleac Laura, Calinovici Ioan, Ciolac Valeria, Armas Andrei, Manea DanThe most important hydro-climate risks in the Lugoj area, Romania, are hydric deficits, i.e. drought and flood periods. Drought, together with other destructive phenomena such as floods and pollution, is seen as the temporary incapacity of water resources of meeting consumption needs; it is, thus, one of the main global issues of our days. There have been, because of climate change, droughty periods in areas where the sum of annual or season precipitations is close to multiannual means: the problem is that the water came from high intensity (mm/min) precipitations, which prevented water from accumulating in the soil. The study aimed at presenting the hydric deficits (the existence of droughty periods and of hydric excess) in the Lugoj area over five years (2010-2014). The five years have been analysed from the perspective of several indicators of drought in literature. The following parameters of monitoring hydro-climate risks in the Lugoj area have been studied: sum of monthly and annual precipitations, mean monthly and annual evapotranspiration, monthly and annual hydric deficits and their graphic representation, mean monthly temperatures and their evolution; we have calculated and analysed climate and hydro-thermal indicators of drought (Hellman, Topor, Lang), we have characterised depending on the precipitation deficit, the Thornthwaite indicator of precipitation efficiency, and the hydro-thermal indicator Seleaninov. From the point of view of the rainfall regime, an important indicator in acknowledging drought and humidity excess depending on the sum of monthly precipitations in summer and even in spring (annual sum of precipitations), we can draw the conclusion that, during the period studied (2010-2014), the years 2010 and 2014 were humid, rainy. Depending on the precipitation deficit, compared to monthly, seasonal and annual multiannual means, we can say that June, August and September were excessively droughty and droughty months in all analysed years. The years 2011, 2012 and 2013 were demi-arid according to most indicators analysed, i.e. years with monthly and annual mean temperatures higher than multi-annual ones, with significant hydric deficits during the hot season. Results show that there were periods with hydric deficits, droughty periods in three years (2011-2013) of the five years we analysed in Lugoj, mainly during the hot season (April-September); these years were also defined as demi-arid in most indicators analysed
more abstractaverage monthly temperatures, sum of monthly precipitations, potential evapotranspiration, aridity coefficient, climate coefficient
Presentation: poster
DownloadYIELD PLASTICITY AND STABILITY OF TRITICALE VARIETIES (X TRITICOSECALE WITTM.) UNDER INCREASING NITROGEN FERTILIZATION NORMS. pag. 65-68
Hristofor Kirchev, Emil Penchev, Rumyana GeorgievaUsed were three years data for yield of grain from triticale varieties with a different genotype, cultivated under conditions on an experimental field of the Crop Science Department at Agricultural University – Plovdiv: AD-7291 (standard), Sadovec and Zaryad (wheat type), Rakita and Rojen (rye type). With increasing of the nitrogen fertilization norm, the variation of the plasticity index between the varieties, is the lowest and in all of them bk values are about a zero. Average values of plasticity coefficient define varieties Rakita and Sadovec as ecological plastic. The lowest ecological plasticity manifests the standard AD-7291. Almost all varieties show the highest stability coefficient at the highest fertilization norm, except variety Zaryad, where the most stable yield was determined by fertilization with N120. Rye type varieties manifest higher stability than wheat triticale sorts.
more abstracttriticale, plasticity, stability, yield,
Presentation: poster
DownloadESTIMATION OF CORRELATIONS BETWEEN SOMATIC CELL COUNT, THE TOTAL NUMBER OF GERMS AND SEASON OF COW MILK pag. 69-74
Mihaela OSTAN, Olga-Alina RADA, Marinela PANĂ, B. BAUL, Iuliana CREŢESCUChemical composition and hygiene quality is of the greatest importance in public health, processing technology and the quality of milk products. The purpose of this study was to establish correlations between season, the total number germs and somatic cell count of cow’s milk as indicators for the hygienic quality. Researches were carried out on 31 milk samples collected from domestic market. The milk samples were collected during the months of January-December 2014 at least two samples a month. The total number of germs and somatic cell count was determined using standards methods in the laboratories at Faculty of Animal Science of the Banat’s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania” from Timisoara. All determinations were processed statistically by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We observed a negative correlation between the total number of germs and somatic cell count (r=-0.202). The results showed a positive correlations between the total number of germs and the somatic cell count during the spring (r=0.314) and the autumn (r=0.328). We observed also a negative correlation between the total number germs and somatic cell count during the summer (r=-0.369) and the winter (r=-0.394) season. We concluded that the season has influence on the somatic cell count in milk and the milk composition. Somatic cell count was the highest in spring (a little bit over the maximum limit) and the lowest in winter and early autumn. This demonstrates a higher incidence of the mastitis during the hot season than in cold season.
more abstractcow milk, somatic cell count, total number of germs, season
Presentation: poster
DownloadSTUDIES REGARDING THE EFFECT OF BOILING ON COW MILK QUALITY WITH ANALYSIS OF SOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THE SOMATIC CELL COUNT pag. 75-81
Mihaela OSTAN, Iuliana CREŢESCU, Venesa PLOSCAR, Mihaela CAZACU, Olga-Alina RADADue to their chemical composition and high degree of assimilation, milk and dairy products play an important role in rational human nutrition and are some of the easiest assailable animal protein sources. They are foods with a particularly valuable plastic role in the nutrition of both children and adults and elderly. There are numerous studies and research showing that milk may undergo various changes during preparation (by boiling or microwaving) or during processing, heat treatment methods involving moderate or severe and can lead to undesirable changes. The goal of this paper is to point out the effect of boiling on density, surface tension, fat content, solids-non-fat content, dry matter and number of somatic cell for the evaluation of the correlations between these parameters by analysing fresh milk and boiled milk. The material used in the study was represented by five individual samples of milk, originated from clinically healthy cows. The milk was divided into two portions, the second being subject to heat treatment by boiling. Were analyzed a total of 10 samples (5 fresh milk and 5 boiled milk). The chemical composition of the milk was determined by means of the apparatus MilkoScan S54B, somatic cell count (NSC – number of somatic cell) by cell counter MT-02®, density by picnometric method and surface tension by stalagmometric method. To process experimental data and extract as much information from the results was used the technique of statistical principal component analysis (PCA), realizing all the necessary processing with software XLSTAT, Version 2015.1. Fresh milk fat ranged between 3.30 and 5.29 [g%], while for boiled milk between 3.51 and 5.16 [g%]. Fresh milk solids-not-fat ranged between 9.13 and 10.24 [g%], while for boiled milk was between 9.41 and 10.71 [g%]. NSC for fresh milk ranged between 100.000 and 310.000 cell/ml, for boiled milk between 50.000 and 115.000 cell/ml.
more abstractcow milk, somatic cell count, physico-chemical parameters
Presentation: poster
DownloadSPECIES DIVERSITY OF THE PLANTS FOUND IN THE ROMAN-CATHOLIC AND ORTHODOX CEMETERIES (FROM THE MEHALA NEIGHBOURHOOD) AND THE HEROES CEMETERY FROM TIMISOARA pag. 82-92
Carola OTVES, G.-G. ARSENE, Alina NEACȘUCemeteries are a source of history and culture, as well as of nature. Their role is to insure a place for funeral, commemoration, memorial, but they can also function as green spaces, quiet, proper for relaxation, contemplation, nature communion. They must be planned, managed and maintained in proper architectural and ecologic parameters. Anthropic activities characteristic to the microclimate determine their scientific point of interest, especially regarding the flora they shelter. However, they are less studied from this perspective, and more from the point of view of culture and history. The paper represents an inventory of the main plant species found in three cemeteries in Timisoara. We are discussing 143 species, belonging to 60 botanic families, most of them ornamental, but also numerous weed plants. Species used for decoration are quite common: tulips, heartsease, carnations, lilies, daffodils, irises, peonies, lilies of the valley, petunias, primroses, lavender, chrysanthemum, geranium, sage, forget-me-nots, marigolds. The paper also deals with the overall aspect of these cemeteries. Thus, we have observed the obvious tendency to plate graves. The ones where flowers are planted are protected by tree bark or ornamental stone. The spaces between graves are very narrow, and are not properly maintained. There are many graves grown over by weed. There are few woody species. There is an unwelcome presence of artificial ornamental elements. Certain rules for plant species arrangements on graves should be respected, as well as finding methods to encourage the caretaking of these settlements, so as to obtain a pleasant aesthetic aspect.
more abstractbiodiversity, flora, floristic compositions, cemeteries
Presentation: oral
DownloadPROTECTION OF THIN INTESTINE MUCOUS WITH PHYTOBIOTICS IN SWINE pag. 93-98
Olga-Alina RADA1, Mihaela OSTAN1, Iuliana CREŢESCU2The aim of the current paper was to test the phytobiotic product Dysantic in fatty pigs not vaccinated against ileitis caused by Lawsonia intracellularis. In the experimental part was used as biological material 77 fattening pigs. 60 pigs allotted into two groups (G1 and G2) were stressed, and 17 unstressed pigs formed the control group G3. The group G1 receiving the tested phytobiotic Dysantic the mixed fodder for 7 days, and the other two groups were given the usual fodder. The growth parameters were monitored and cases of diarrhoea. They were collected faeces samples for determination of dry matter and determining occult haemorrhages and blood samples for serological diagnosis of ileitis. The experiment was completed with morphological examination of the small intestine. Contamination of experimental pigs with Lawsonia intracellularis was demonstrated by ELISA test, 40% of the samples examined were serologically positive. The group food supplements pigs with Dysantic (G1) produced an average daily gain of 23.17% higher than the control group stressed pigs (G2) and 4.21% lower than the non-stressed group of pigs (G3). Throughout the experimental period, the number of cases of diarrhoea was higher in group stressed pigs (G2). Dysantic product improves growth performance in pigs fat and reduce cases of diarrhea in pigs not vaccinated against ileitis.
more abstractDysantic, phytobiotic, pig, ileitis, Lawsonia intracelularis, growth parameters
Presentation: poster
DownloadPRODUCTIVITY AND NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF SOME LEGUMINOUS FORAGE SPECIES IN THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA pag. 99-104
A. TELEUŢĂ, V. ŢÎŢEIAbstract. We have studied the biological peculiarities, productivity, nutritional value of the species Medicago falcata L., Medicago varia Mart., Medicago tianschanica Vass., Medicago borealis Grossh., Medicago hemicycla Grossh., Medicago polychroa Grossh., Medicago difalcata Sinsk., Onobrychis arenaria (Kit.) DC, Onobrychis inermis Steven, which were cultivated in the collection of non-traditional forage plants of the Botanical Garden (Institute) of the ASM. Traditional fodder leguminous crops, alfalfa Medicago sativa L. and sainfoin Onobrychis viciifolia Scop., were used as control variant. The species Medicago tianschanica, Medicago varia and Medicago polychroa have a productivity of 1.79-2.14 kg/m2 natural forage surpassing by 9-27% Medicago sativa, with a nutritive value of 0.20-0.25 nutritive units/kg and a digestible protein content of 196.2-211.6 g/nutritive unit. The species Onobrychis arenaria and Onobrychis inermis reach a height of 113-141 cm and a productivity of 3.9-5.2 kg/m2natural forage, with a nutritive value of 0.23-0.25 nutritive units/kg and a digestible protein content of 154.1-168.2 g/nutritive units, a high amount of carotene and a low amount of nitrates.
more abstractKey words: biological peculiarities, nutritional value, productivity, species of genus Medicago, species of genus Onobrychis.
Presentation: oral
DownloadBIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ASTERACEAE SPECIES SILAGE AND POSSIBLE USE AS A FEEDSTOCK FOR LIVESTOCK AND BIOGAS PRODUCTION IN REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA pag. 105-112
V. ŢÎŢEI , S. COŞMAN. Silage is very palatable to livestock and can be fed at any time, they have also been used as substrate in biogas production. We studied the quality of silage prepared from non-traditional plant species of Asteraceae family: elecampane (Inula helenium), Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus), eastern purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea) grown in experimental land of the Botanical Garden (Institute) of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova and compared it with the control – sunflower (Helianthus annuus). The silage obtained from these species, by organoleptic characteristics (smell, colour and consistency) and biochemical indices (pH, content and correlation of organic acids, chemical composition of the dry matter), largely meets the standards. The silage prepared from Asteraceae species contains 0.12- 0.23 nutritive units supplied with metabolizable energy for cattle 1.22- 2.32 MJ/kg, the digestible protein content is of 51-104 g/nutritive unit. The highest methane production was achieved with the sunflower, Helianthus annuus silage substrate (290.8 L/kgVS), followed by the Echinacea purpurea substrate (258.4 L/kgVS), the Inula helenium substrate produced 236.4 L/kgVS and the Helianthus tuberosus - 231.8 L/kgVS.
more abstractAsteraceae species, biochemical composition, biomethane, Echinacea purpurea, Helianthus annuus, Helianthus tuberosus, Inula helenium, nutritional value, silage
Presentation: oral
DownloadSTUDY ON HYDRO PHOBIA OF MAIZE SEED, AS A METHOD OF EARLIER TERMS OF SOWING pag. 113-117
Ivan YANCHEVAbstract: The possibility of earlier sowing of maize before the optimal time has come (12-15 0C) relieves the manufacturers, which leads to more rational use of machineries, ensures early germination and fuller use of the moisture from the winter- spring period. This opportunity is achieved through a peculiar preserving of the seeds, considered as an additional part of their pre sowing preparation or complex preparation including the pesticides. Hydro phobia represents a construction of a protective water-impermeable layer of polymers with a different thickness and different time of degradation at definite conditions. The treatment of seeds with pesticides is done separately or in conjunction with the creating of the polymer covering. The exposure of the seeds in cold and moist soil to their germination is directly dependent on the thickness of the coating and the time for its breaking under the influence of the soil microbial activity. A correlation between the surface of corn from different fractions and their mass is established. A relationship between the thickness of the polymer coating and the period’s duration of its degradation is established. A function between the mass of grains, the thickness of the coating, the amount of polymer and the amount of the solvent is established. The period of stay of the seeds in the soil depends on the thickness of the coating and the time of sowing should end with the coming of minimum conditions (7-9 0C) for germination.
more abstractKey words: maize, hydro phobia, polymer, coating, terms of sowing.
Presentation: oral
DownloadQUALITY OF THE WATER FROM LAKE POIANA MĂRULUI IN THE SITE NATURA 2000 ȚARCU MOUNTAINS (ROMANIA) pag. 118-125
Laura ȘMULEAC, Anișoara IENCIU, R. BERTICI, Gabriela POPESCU, ȘMULEAC A., CRISTA FHumankind is increasingly asking for more and more water both for different uses and as emissary for waste removal. This draw to the conclusion that water is closely related to the land ecological system and to maintain the balance of this system and to survive humankind needs to take measures for the preservation and conservation of the hydrosphere worldwide. This paper presents the quality of the Lake Poiana Mărului as a component of the site Natura 2000 ŢARCU Mountains. Water was sampled from upstream the dike and from the middle of the lake in March, June, August and October 2014. The main quality indices we determined were pH, content of dissolved oxygen, biochemical consumption of oxygen, chemical consumption of oxygen, content of nitrates and nitrites, ammonia and phosphates, residues, conductibility, turbidity, total water hardness, content of calcium, magnesium, nickel, chromium, copper, zinc, cadmium, and lead. Analyses were made in the Quality Laboratory of Reșița of the Banat Water Basin Administration and results were interpreted and compared with physico-chemical standards stipulated in the Order no. 161/2006. Overall, Poiana Mărului Lake water quality is good, basic, with slightly higher nitrite and nitrate contents and high content of copper.
more abstractLake Poiana Mărului, site Natura 2000 Țarcu Mountains, pH, oxygen regime, nutrients, salinity, toxic pollutants
Presentation: oral
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