Vol 49, No 1 (2017)
IMPROVED TAXANES PRODUCTION IN CALLUS CULTURES OF TAXUS BACCATA L. pag. 3-11
Angelika FILOVÁ – Eleonóra KRIVOSUDSKÁAbstract: In this study, callus cultures from leaves and young shoots of Taxus baccata L.were established in Gamborg’s B5 medium supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxiacetic acid (2 mg/L), kinetin (0.5 mg/L) and gibberellic acid (0.25 mg/L). Callus growth and taxane production were evaluated using two culture media: Woody Plant Medium and Gamborg’s B5 supplemented with picloram (2 mg/L), kinetin (0.1 mg/L) and gibberellic acid (0.5 mg/L). The effect of the inoculum size (50, 100 and 150 g FW/L) and culture media (Woody Plant Medium and Gamborg’s B5) with and without the presence of methyl jasmonate (100 M) on T. baccata cell suspensions was assessed. Taxane analysis revealed that the calus in Gamborg’s B5 produced taxol (50 g/g DW), baccatin III, 10-deacetyl baccatin III and 10-deacetyl taxol. Woody Plant Medium also induced the production of taxol, although to a lesser extent. The optimum inoculum size was 50 g FW/L. In cell suspension cultures, both media had a significant effect on taxane production when supplemented with methyl jasmonate. In WPM, at day 14, a total concentration of 185.35 g/L of taxol, 172.98 g/L of baccatin III, 658.97 g/L of 10-deacetyl baccatin III and 259.75 g/L 10-deacetyl taxol were obtained, with total excretion of baccatin III and 10-deacetyl taxol to the culture medium. The best culture conditions for producing taxol were found to be WPM supplemented with MeJ. The taxol level achieved in these conditions was 3.4 higher than in the same medium without elicitation and over 9 times higher than in the cultures grown in B5, elicited or not.
more abstractanticancer agent, in vitro cultures, methyl jasmonate, taxanes, Taxus baccata L.
Presentation: oral
DownloadDETERMINATION OF THE FOREST CANOPY COVER USING A LOW-COST COMMERCIAL DRONE IN A TURKEY OAK AND DURMAST OAK STAND IN THE ZARAND MOUNTAINS, ROMANIA pag. 12-17
Tiberiu Paul Banu, Gheorghe Florian Borlea, Constantin BanuThe vertical projection of the tree crowns that covers the ground area in a stand is defined as the forest canopy cover and it represents a key element in the forest inventories. In stands where area is over one hectare, the accurate determination of the vertical projection of crowns can be very expensive in terms of costs, time and labor power. In this study we present the potential of a new drone-based method of forest canopy cover determination that could be later implemented in the sustainable management of forests. Aerial images were acquired in a turkey oak and durmast oak stand located in the Zarand Mountains of Romania with the use of a low-cost commercial drone. The tree crowns were delineated based on an orthomosaic that was assembled using the collected images. Further, forest canopy cover percentage was calculated. Current study results were compared with the traditional ground-based field estimation and the advantages of current methodology were discussed in terms of accuracy, labor power and time spent.
more abstractforest canopy cover, drone, UAV, remote sensing
Presentation: poster
DownloadMEASUREMENTS OF PRESERVING AND IMPROVING GRASSLAND HABITATS WITHIN THE SITE NATURA 2000 - ROSCI0226 SEMENIC – CHEILE CARAȘULUI pag. 18-28
C. BOSTAN, Loredana COPĂCEAN, M. HORABLAGA, Veronica SĂRĂȚEANU, Adina HORABLAGA, Luminița COJOCARIUThe site Natura 2000 ROSCI0226 Semenic-Cheile Carașului has been confirmed as a site of community importance in 2008, thereby contributing to the development of the network Natura 2000 in Romania. The site surface hosts types of natural habitats of national interest whose conservation require naming these areas and species, enumerated within annex II of Habitats Directive 92/43/CCE, as special. The aim of this paper is to maintain a favourable preservation state of species and habitats in the studied area, by proposing some general measures of improvement and conservation, but also by using special measurements for grassland habitats and shrubbery protected by community law. Our studies were carried out on the area of the administrative territory of Goruia, Caraș-Severin county, Romania, on grasslands situated on the hilly area – nemoral, totally or partially overlapping the site Natura 2000 ROSCI0226 Semenic – Cheile Carașului. Research is based on literature supplemented with data collected in the field. In the grasslands from U.A.T. Goruia, overlapping the site Natura 2000 - ROSCI0226 Semenic – Cheile Carașului, some habitats of community interest have been identified, such as: habitat 6210*, 6410, 6510, 6190, 5130. The permanent grassland analysed in our study are diverse in terms of flora, through specific methods of analysing the flora and the vegetation (phytosociological, linear, pratological). Based on station conditions, but also on the way these are managed, the following types of grasslands are encountered: mesophile, mesoxerophile and mesohigrophile. Through a complex analysis, abiotic factors have been identified and the human influence on the operating mode of the grasslands, therefore conservation and improvement measures have been proposed. The most important limiting factors identified in the meadows of the U.A.T. Goruia are: the presence of harmful species, soil erosion, land subsidence and fragmentation, heavy soil or soil water retaining proliferation acid indicator species, the parent rock to the surface, the absence of minimal maintenance work, grazing inefficiently (overgrazing or undergrazing).
more abstractgrassland habitats, site Natura 2000, measurements of preserving and improving.
Presentation: poster
DownloadTEACHING/LEARNING STRATEGIES IN ENGLISH FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES FOR AGRICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING pag. 29-34
Alina-Andreea DRAGOESCU, Astrid-Simone GROSZLER, Sandra STEFANOVIĆThe paper highlights the fact that more attention should be given to a number of teaching strategies that academics need to focus on in order to provide certain competences which are necessary to students in the field of Agricultural and Mechanical Engineering. The following generic academic competences were identified as being the most important ones: the capacity for analysis and synthesis, the capacity for applying knowledge in practice, problem solving, and last but not least communication in a foreign language (especially English). Graduates and stakeholders in the field are in agreement regarding the need for other competences to be acquired for better employability chances: the capacity to adapt to new situations, team work, interpersonal skills, and the concern for quality. For this reason, the academic course of ESP (English for Special Purposes) has been designed to focus on developing all these competences. The textbook support for the course provided for students of English at the Faculties of Agricultural Engineering and Mechanical Engineering contains applied material intended to help learners acquire the skills mentioned above. The paper will illustrate in detail the way in which the acquisition and development of subject-specific competences has been given due consideration in order to assist the professional needs of students in their major field of study.
more abstractEnglish for Special Purposes; Learning/Teaching Strategies; Applied linguistics; Agricultural/Mechanical Engineering
Presentation: oral
DownloadPERSPECTIVES ON MULTICULTURAL COMPETENCES IN TEACHING ENGLISH FOR SPECIAL PURPOSES pag. 35-39
Laura Coroama, Alina-Andreea Urlica, Astrid GroszlerThe paper analyses the emergence of a new competence in academic environments. The unstable framework of modern society requires new skills, more appropriate for the integration of knowledge. Making a priority of the linguistic element is no longer an option as students present heterogeneous profiles and needs. Including a multicultural dimension into the foreign language class should become a compulsory characteristic of the educational process and curricula. The present study also proposes several modalities of raising awareness among students regarding the prerequisite of being culturally competent. Furthermore, multicultural skills have become one of the most important requirements on the job market. As far as educators are concerned, culturally-based adaptive education has been increasingly present in teachers’ preoccupations, as they have recently become more involved in online learning environments. Both students and teachers are advised to cooperate in negotiating multicultural skills and their comprehension in the academic environment.
more abstractmulticultural competence, adaptive learning, cultural identity, ESP
Presentation: oral
DownloadSTUDIES CONCERNING MECHANIZATION OF SOIL WORKS IN WHEAT CULTURE pag. 40-45
R. ILEA, Anișoara DUMA COPCEA, R. MILOȘThe tillage system has been representing one of the major technological elements used to interfere in order to increase plant production and, lately, more and more in order to optimize the relationship between production – benefit – the preservation of fertility and resources. The conventional system, in addition to its advantages, has repercussions and disadvantages. Thus, the large number of works and repeated field crossings with agricultural tractors and machines adversely affects agro physical features (surface and depth compaction, soil structure degradation, humus content reduction), agro biological (reduction of living creatures and biological activity) leading to decreasing the natural fertility of the soil in the long term and in some areas the phenomenon of erosion is accentuated. Through its nature and functions, soil represents a live organism recrossed by energetic flows, which intercondition each other, governed by natural laws that seem to be in an apparent equilibrium. The complexity of the energetic flows within the agricultural production process imposes a certain drastic control upon inputs and outputs at each production loop and the avoidance of the possibly exhausted resources, like soil and water. Starting from the necessity of eliminating the disadvantages of the conventional system, the development of alternative soil technology to ensure the preservation and maintenance of its productive capacity as well as the reduction of energy consumption are today basic requirements for the development and building of a sustainable agriculture. New technologies for mechanization of soil works in a conservative system include several processing systems: minimum tillage, mulch tillage, no-tillage or direct drill. In recent years, the mechanized soil conservation works has been successfully applied to our country, especially in the farms with modern agricultural machinery. The studies in this paper refer to the minimum works for the wheat culture under the conditions of Mercina-Caraş Severin. The high-productivity agricultural aggregates used in mechanized works have allowed them to be achieved in optimum sowing time. The variants of working the land with the heavy disc harrow, combined rotating-action harrow, total-processing cultivator contribute to the amelioration of soil’s physical features, as resulted from the evolution of these features during the experimental cycle. However, within their application, we must take into consideration the soil’s technological features, which depend on texture, structure, humus content, and land exposure and weather conditions.
more abstractwheat, agricultural aggregates, minimal tillage, fuel, economic indexes.
Presentation: oral
DownloadTHE DYNAMICS OF PARTICLES MOVEMENT IN THE INDENTED CYLINDER pag. 46-51
R. ILEAThe mixtures which compose the mass of seeds have different characteristics, this thing leading to a non homogenous mass of seeds, from the point of view of quality. By this reason, for the sorting in good conditions of the mass of seeds, it must be analyzed the physical-mechanical characteristics of seeds and impurities which compose the mass to be separated, in order to establish the technology of separation of impurities. The main characteristics which decide the sorting methods of seeds are: dimensions of seeds and impurities, shapes, state of surfaces, mechanical strength, elasticity, specific weight, electric properties, colors of seeds and impurities. The technological and commercial value of the mass of seeds is diminished by the non uniformity as size, shape and color of seeds. The sorting of the mass of seeds is made in order to increase the purity and realizing of homogenous masses of seeds from the point of view of the seed uniformity. As a function of separation simplify by mechanical methods, the impurities are classified as easily and difficultly separable. The separation of seeds in fractions, as a function of dimensions (length, thickness, width), comprised between some limits, is called calibration. The indented cylinder is used for sorting by length all cereals seeds such as wheat, oats, barley, sunflower, sugar beet seeds, alfalfa and for separating unwanted long or short product impurities. In order to calculate and design the sorting machines, it is necessary to establish the laws of motion of the seeds in the indented cylinders. The study of the seed movement in the indented cylinder was realized using the dynamic model of material particle. The process of separation of seeds with the indented cylinder, respectively the efficiency of seed separation, is influenced by the cylinder construction (diameter, dimensions of pockets), cylinder inclination, speed of rotation and by the character of the relative motion of seeds in the indented cylinder, respectively by the kinematical index of cylinder. The design and construction of the seed sorting machines is influenced by the structure and physical-mechanical properties of seeds.
more abstractindented cylinder, particle, relative motion, force, kinematical index
Presentation: oral
DownloadGEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS, ALTERNATIVE FOR THE „SYSTEMATIC” INVENTORY OF LANDS USED AS GRASSLANDS pag. 52-57
C. POPESCU, Loredana COPĂCEAN, Luminiţa COJOCARIUThe systematic inventory and registration of immobile assets may be considered as one of the most ample actions of systematization performed at national level, with very important economic, judicial and social implications. The complexity of this process involves the utilization of some work techniques and methods that would generate a high degree precision and accuracy, during each of its steps, since the errors that may occur by various reasons may exert negative repercussions on persons and on the institutions involved, as well. Starting from this issue, although used on large scale, the topographic techniques may be completed and/or replaced by the methods specific to Geographic Information Systems (GIS); due to their complexity, these are qualified for the utilization as alternative in the process of systematic registration of land (also known as „General cadastre” in practice). Thus, with the help of this study, we will emphasize the possibilities of utilization and the advantages of the partial or total „replacement” of the „topographic” methods with GIS methodologies and techniques. The study is carried out on land areas used as grasslands, in an administrative-territorial unit, and the results may represent starting points or support for other research themes. The utilization of GIS applications presents several advantages, the most important being: the possibility of association between graphic information with non-graphic data and information (descriptive data bases), the generation of high-accuracy graphic and cartographic representations, complex visualisation and analysis of maps, possibility of integration and utilization of spatial data from various sources and formats. The idea of systematic registration with GIS techniques is also supported by the fact that this work environment is applied in other specialty institutions and structures that provide spatial data, too; this would avoid the operations of conversion and completion of data bases, leading to a significant reduction of work time and staff, considering the huge data volume that is generated successive to the systematic registration of land.
more abstractsystematization, innovation, comparison, representation, immobile asset.
Presentation: poster
DownloadINFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION ON THE CROP AND QUALITY OF SOME WHEAT TYPES FROM THE SPECIES OF TRITICUM AESTIVUM SSP VULGARE, SSP SPELTA AND TRITICUM TURGIDUM SSP. DURUM pag. 58-62
Ioana Maria PAVÂL, Diana POPA, Simona NIȚĂ,Gheorghe DAVIDThis paper presents the results of the research developed during 2014-2016 in the Mures - Bega Interfluve plane. According to the Koppen classification, the researched area is included in the cfbx climate characterized by temperate climate with precipitations all year long, but low in quantity during the summer months. The soil category is low carbonate typical chernosem with mild erosion, clay loam-type. The experiments were bifactorial in which factor A was the agriculture fund: A1-N100P90K90 and A2- N150P90K90, and factor B – the wheat types: B1 – Alex –T. aestivum vulgare( L) Thell ssp vulgare MK; B2 – Ciprian –T. aestivum vulgare( L) Thell ssp vulgare MK; B3 – Athos –T.turgidum ssp.durum(Desf) MK ; B4- Claudio –T.turgidum ssp durum (Desf)MK; B5 – Franckenkorn –T.aestivum(L) Thell ssp.spelta (L) Thell; B6 –Oberkulmer rotkorn T.aestivum (L) Thell ssp. Spelta (L) Thell. The paper indicates the crop results and the data derived from assessments concerning the hectoliter mass, protein content, wet gluten content, and the falling number, based on each type’s reaction to differentiated fertilization. Thus, on the N100P90K90 agriculture fund, on an average during the experimental cycle, the average crops were between 5700 kg/ha and 6700 kg/ha., and on the agriculture fund fertilized with N150P90K90, between 6200 and 7100 kg/ha. The conclusion is that by increasing the nitrogen dosage on the constant phosphorus and potassium fund, 8% crop enhancement was recorded. The average crop on the two agriculture funds for the T.aestivum vulgare types was 6697 kg/ha, for the T.turgidum ssp. durum types, 6378 kg/ha, and for the T. aestivum ssp.spelta spelta, 6052 kg/ha. Each year, quality tests were made and the data were presented on agriculture funds and types in the paper. The average values for the hectoliter mass varied between 76.2 and 80.6 kg/hl and the protein content was between 12.5 – 13.6% for the T.aestivum vulgare types, between 14.2 and 15.8% for the T.turgidum ssp.durum types and between 13.8 and 15.1% for T.aestivum ssp.spelta. The wet gluten content was between 25 and 30%, and the values of the falling number between 295 and 431 seconds. As a conclusion, the types researched ensure economic-efficient crops, with good quality indicators, in the pedoclimate conditions mentioned above.
more abstractT. aestivum vulgare( L) Thell ssp vulgare MK; B2 – Ciprian –T. aestivum vulgare( L) Thell ssp vulgare MK; B3 – Athos –T.turgidum ssp.durum(Desf) MK ; B4- Claudio –T.turgidum ssp durum (Desf)MK; B5 – Franckenkorn –T.aestivum(L) Thell ssp.spelta (L) Thell; B6 –Oberkulmer rotkorn T.aestivum (L) Thell ssp. Spelta (L) Thell.
Presentation: poster
DownloadEFFECTS OF BIOREMEDIATION TREATMENTS OF A SOIL POLLUTED WITH CRUDE OIL ON SOIL REACTION pag. 63-69
Mariana, MARINESCU, Anca, LACATUSU, Eugenia GAMENT, Georgiana PLOPEANU, Mihai, MARINESCUPhysical, chemical and thermal methods have commonly been employed to clean up the crude oil polluted sites. However, these techniques are relatively expensive and also require site restoration. Therefore, it is an urgent need for promotion of environment friendly techniques for reclamation of crude oil polluted sites. Recent studies have been reported on environment friendly bioremediation. These methods are relatively affordable and do not introduce any additional chemicals to the environment. The uses of biological materials like bacteria, fungi, algae with vermicompost, animal and plant compost, have been reported with good bioremediation potential. Bacteria are one of the best candidates for bioremediation because they have biodiversity, variety of catabolic genes and vast potential for degradation of harmful contamination. The best bioremediation technique is intrinsic bioremediation because it has minimum intervention in the environment. In this paper are presented the effect of bioremediation treatments of a soil polluted with crude oil on soil reaction. Experiments included two groups of experimental variants in which the soil was controlled polluted by 5% and 10% crude oil. For each concentrations of crude oil were created 4 experimental variants, achieved by conditioning the soil with Ecosol in two doses, with or without inoculation with bacteria selected, plus a control variant were the soil polluted was subject to natural attenuation. All data were reported at a variant with unpolluted soil achieved and maintained under the same experimental conditions. Soil reaction in unpolluted soil - control, varies around the average value of 8.11 which defines a weakly alkaline soil. The effect of the application of Ecosol product on soil reaction is to increase values of up to 8.78 or 8.83 to variants with 1% Ecosol. This pH increasing defines soil as a moderated alkali. This could be detrimental to the bioremediation treatments efficiency of soil polluted with crude oil, as microorganisms metabolizing petroleum hydrocarbons have an optimum around a neutral range in the soil reaction. During the three experimental years it can be observed an uniformity of soil reaction. Ecosol product caused a slight alkalizing immediately after application in soil, but with a limited duration, not the activity of bacteria exerted negative influences on the optimal environment for development which is located around neutral.
more abstractbioremediation treatments, soil polluted, crude oil, soil reaction
Presentation: poster
DownloadVERBASCUM PHLOMOIDES LEAF SPOTS PRODUCED BY PHYLLOSTICTA VERBASICOLA A COMMON DISEASE ON THE SOUTH-WEST PART OF ROMANIA pag. 70-74
BORCEAN A., DAVID Gh., NITA SimonaIn Romania, Verbascum phlomoides known as mullein is considered to be a plant used in traditional medicine as tea or decoct from flowers and leaves. As tea it is used to ameliorate on short time some pulmonary affections as cough acute and chronic bronchitis, cold, flu, bronchial catarrh, pneumonia, pleurisy, pulmonary congestion, angina, laryngitis, tracheitis, hoarseness and even tuberculosis. As decoct it is mentioned to help as emollient to ameliorate and specially in the history it was mentioned by antiques Greek physicians to cure some affections as there are expectoration, asthma, neurological disorders and some injuries. During the researches carried out on medicinal plants pathogens from the wild flora of the south-western part of Romania it was found on Verbascum phlomoides plants on different populations some leaf spots that was suspected to be produced by a leaf pathogen . Later on laboratory work it was determined that the leaf pathogen that cause the spots on the leafs was Phyllosticta verbasicola. In the present paper there are facts about the disease incidence on the previous mentiond area. First we determine in three parts of the area of interest some significant populations of Verbascum phlomoides concentrated on small areas. All this areas has as common point that they are situated near the Nera stream but on higher ground and on meadow sandy soil. There are a lot of Verbascum phlomoides plants on the Nera Canyon but there are small groups of 1-6 plants there was hard to find places where the river medow was large enough to find more than five of this mullein groups. During the last years we learned that this pathogen was always present on mullein plants with different but since now it doesn’t produce lethal attacks. In the present paper there are data about fungus Phyllosticta verbasicola attack parameters on the reference area
more abstractPhyllosticta verbasicola, Verbascum phlomoides
Presentation: poster
DownloadSTEM ROT ON WILD PEPPERMINT SPECIES ON SOUTH-WESTERN PART OF ROMANIA pag. 75-79
BORCEAN A., IMBREA IlincaDuring the diseases surveil conducted on the medicinal plants from south western part of Romania, on the Nera river canyon there are some significant populations of wild peppermint. The idea of the disease surveillance in medicinal plants came from the necessity to determine the pathogens in wild flora as potential threat to the crops and also because it is well known as general principal that the plant of the species from the wild flora are more resistant to pathogens than their relatives from the crop plants because on the breeding process the crop plants lose a lot of diseases resistance genes. From this point of view, if a pathogen is present on plants from the wild flora than it could be expected to be at least present on the crop plants. Also the area where the observations were performed is proper for growing medicinal herbs as intensive crops. At the time when this surveillance take place it was well known that the area is populated with five different species of wild peppermint (Mentha longifolia, M. aquatica, M. arvensis and M. verticilliata). One of the affections found on some of the wild peppermint plants consists on necrotic lesions on the stem. Also, the leaves placed over the lesions shown a start of necrosis which has a progress to the complete leaf necrosis. Populations were noted and since the first encounter was noted this populations was taken under a careful surveillance of the disorder evolution. Observations performed in laboratory show clear picnidia formed on the stem lesions and all data point to Phoma strasseri as pathogen which cause the stem necrosis. Peppermint populations on which we perform the measurements of pathogen virulence and aggressively has as common point that they are situated in the vicinity of Nera stream, but on higher ground and on meadow sandy soil. Plant density on these populations was between 6 and 41 so the results are relevant for the situation
more abstractMentha sp., Phoma strasseri
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS ON SPRING OATS YIELD AT ARDS TURDA IN THE YEAR 2016 pag. 80-84
RAREŞ HUZA1, MARCEL DUDA1, ROZALIA KADAR2, IONUŢ RACZ2In our country, in recent year, spring oats is one of the most cultivated small grain cereal, the surface being 175000 ha in 2015 and 180000 ha in 2014. The aim of our field experiences is to improve the technology of spring oats through accumulation of new knowledge which correlated to the number of sowing seeds at square meter and rational fertilizing can lead to increasing qualitative and quantitative of production. Among the varieties of spring oats from this experience there are genetically differences (F = 149,007 ***) in terms of productive level. Duncan’s ranking put on the first place variety Mureşana with an average production of 5368 kg/ha in 2016. Mureşana variety represents a genetically progress in comparison with Mureş (4559 kg/ha) considering that is a reselection of it. Number of seed/m2 increase spring oats production with 599 kg/ha. Among the varieties of spring oat exist differences concerning the nitrogen fertilization response, emphasizing in particular Mureşana which obtained comparable productions on both levels of fertilization: 5563 kg/ha on the dose N100P50K0 and 5182 kg/ha on dose N50P50K0.
more abstractspring oats, number of seeds/square meter, doses of fertilizers, Mureşana
Presentation: poster
DownloadCHARACTERIZATION OF SOME VARIETIES OF CEREAL GRASSES ON THE BASIS OF SPECTRAL INFORMATION FROM AERIAL IMAGES pag. 85-94
C.A. Constantinescu, M.V. Herbei, F. SalaThis study aimed at assessing and classification of some grain varieties, on the basis of spectral data and indices calculated from aerial images. Were studied 18 varieties of cereals as follows: barley - Jallon, Tektoo, Saphira; wheat - Moison, Lukullus, Antonius, Linus, Atoupic, Illico, Sosthene, Avenue, G.K. Bekes, Akteur, Alex, Exotic, Messino, Patras; triticale - Trismart. The images were taken with the drone, model DJI Phantom series, in principal growth stage 3, and stem elongation, 30 – 31 BBCH code. By analyzing the images, they were obtained of primary spectral values in RGB system. Based on their values were calculated normalized rgb values, and also equivalent values were determined in HSB system. Based on primary spectral values (RGB), of the normalized values (rgb), and of the values in HSB system, specific indices were calculated for the characterization of vegetation: NDI (normalized difference index), INT (Intensity) and DGCI (dark green color index). ANOVA, revealed the source of variance and degree of statistical certainty of results (F>F crit; p<< 0.001). Through Cluster analysis (based on Euclidean distances) was performed classification of the varieties studied, based on the values of indices determined, and in relation to the degree of their values similarity. The 18 varieties studied were grouped into two clusters, with 5 in clusters and three independent positions, safely statistics (Cophenetic coefficient = 0.801).
more abstractaerial images, cereal grasses, classification, imaging, physiological indices
Presentation: poster
DownloadANALYSIS OF SOME DEFICIENCIES IN CROPS OF WHEAT AND BARLEY BASED ON TERRESTRIAL AND AERIAL IMAGES pag. 95-103
C.A. Constantinescu, M.V. Herbei, D. Manea, F. SalaIn this study were characterized various aspects of the plants lodging and weeds of wheat and barley as compared with the normal state, through image analysis. Observations were made in stages BBCH 73 Development of fruit and BBCH 93 – Senescence at wheat crops, respectively BBCH 87 (Ripening) and BBCH 93 (Senescence) at barley crops. From the analysis of the terrestrial and aerial images (drone DJI Phantom series) spectral data were obtained in the RGB system, based on which were calculated normalized values (rgb). The data obtained were analyzed in two ways in relation to the studied aspects: plants lodging (6 variants – V1 to V6) and weeds (8 variants – V7 to V14). With respect to the lodging of wheat and barley plants, the cluster analysis method facilitated the grouping of the data into two clusters, CIL and CIIL, statistical safe, Cophenetic coefficient having the value of 0.774. The analysis has made the classification, both in relation to the two categories of crops (wheat and barley), as well as compared with the normal plants and lodging plants identified. In the situation of the second category of cases studied, was analyzed the presence of weeds in wheat and barley crops, compared to the normal status of the crops, in advanced stages of the growing season. The analysis grouped the 8 variants studied in two in clusters (CIW - V12, V13 and V14; CIIW - V7, V8, V9, V10) and a independent position (V11), in the average conditions of statistical certainty, the Cophenetic coefficient being 0.689. Regarding to the level of statistical certainty of results, it would have been higher if the analysis should have been done on each individual crop, but in the case of complex approach, the interaction of the phenomenon (plant lodging or weed, and crops), made that the safety level have lower values.
more abstractaerial images, barley, fallen crops, weeds, wheat
Presentation: poster
DownloadEXEMPLES OF FAMILY FARMS AND BUSINESS IDEAS IN CZECH SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE BY AGROPUZZLE 3 PROJECT EXPERIENCE pag. 104-111
Maria TOADER, Gheorghe Valentin ROMANEducation, vocational training and more generally lifelong learning play a vital role in both an economic and social context. The opportunities which the European Union (EU) offers its citizens for living, studying and working in other countries make a major contribution to cross-cultural understanding, personal development and the achievement of the EU’s full economic potential. This paper focuses to present some aspect of sustainable agriculture from Czech Republic learned by “Agropuzzle 3” Erasmus plus project experience.
more abstractagribusiness, Czech family farms, education, sustainable agriculture, vocational training
Presentation: poster
DownloadNEUTRALIZATION OF SOIL ACIDITY USING AN UNCONVENTIONAL AMENDMENT pag. 112-118
Eugenia, GAMENȚ, Georgiana PLOPEANU, Mariana, MARINESCU, Vera, CARABULEA, Nicoleta, VRÎNCEANUSoil acidity is one of the limiting factors for growth and production of most crops. Its harmful effect refers to the availability of essential nutrients to plants and also the decrease of cation exchange capacity (exchangeable bases), especially calcium and magnesium. These effects can be corrected by applying mineral amendments. The present research study is the first stage regarding the use of steel slag as a mineral amendment in agriculture. The paper presents data on the selection of acid soil, physical and chemical characteristics of the soil and the need and opportunity to apply an unconventional amendment. In order to set up experiments to study the changes occurring in an acid soil treated with steel slag, in the preliminary study it has been selected both the soil and amendment (steel slag). The soil selected for the experiment was subjected to the laboratory protocol considering that changes in soil reaction occur due to changes in soil base cation saturation ratio (BCSR %≡V%) and in the content of other chemical indicators. Soil material needed for the experiment has been sampled from a luvosoil, Albota area, Arges county. Luvosoil from Albota belongs to the group class of middle texture, medium clay subclass (LL) according to Soil Taxonomy Roumanian System (SRTS). Soil material has a moderately acidic reaction (pH=5.48) and total exchangeable acidity (SH) has a value of 6.28 me/100g soil. Due to the degree of base cation saturation ratio the soil is in an early stage of debasification. For this type of soil, both the heavy metals content and the total soluble salts content are in normal quantities. Having a very high alkaline reaction and high contents of calcium and magnesium oxides, the steel slag will be used in our experiment as mineral amendment to neutralize the acidity of luvosoil and to improve the mineralization in terms of ensuring environmental protection.
more abstractsoil, acidity, unconventional amendment
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE BELONGING OF C. (MORPHOCARABUS) ROTHI HAMPEI TELEKII CSIKI, 1937 TO C. (MORPHOCARABUS) ROTHI ROTHI DEJEAN, 1829, CONFIRMED IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY pag. 119-126
F. PRUNAR, S. DREANO, J. BARLOY, Frederique BARLOY-HUBLERC. (Morphocarabus) rothi rothi Dejean is a Romanian endemic species spread in two areas at a distance of 250 km apart. In North of Banat, one of these areas, rothi is mixed with hampei, teleki form. The framing made by Csiki for telekii form, at Carabus (Morphocarabus) hampei Kuster, 1846, encountered in the hills of Fragulea (North of Banat) is questioned, due to the presence of 4 primary intervals which are theoretical characteristic for C. (Morphocarabus) rothi Dejean 1829. The other conventional morphological criteria (elytra sculpture, forms of the aedeagus and endophallus, body color) are not sufficient to ensure a clear separation between this two species. The inconstant number of primary intervals or the close shape of the aedeagus and endophallus make it impossible the distinction. The appeal to the mitochondrial markers, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and cytochrome B (cyt b), applies to all the origins of rothi (North Banat and Transylvanian quadrilateral delimited by Sibiu, Copșa Mică, Sighișoara, Rupea, Făgăraș) and to the taxa of hampei by reference (Buzești from Maramureș County and Firminiș from Sălaj County), proves that telekii belong to C. (Morphocarabus) rothi like the aberration vitiosus Csiki, 1906. For the rothi rothi were taken in study the aberrations: latestriatus, quadricatenatus, aequistriatus and vitiosus. Therefore it is appropriate to remove the telekii Csiki 1937 form from the list of C. (Morphocarabus) hampei taxa. However, in North of Banat, the sculptural appearance rothi are heterogeneous in molecular biology: about 21% of individuals are belong to hampei with a very nearby genomic structure of hampei from Buzești but a rothi rothi ab. quadristriatus appearance and 71% rothi rothi including the forms considered hampei telekii. The genomic polymorphism of the populations of appearance rothi telekii of the North Banat and the attachment of some individuals to hampei had already been mentioned in a previous study with the marker NADRH 5, but with a reduced number of samples studied.
more abstractCarabus (Morphocarabus) rothi Dej., Carabus (Morphocarabus) hampei Kust., telekii Csiki, taxonomy, molecular biology, COI, cyt b.
Presentation: poster
DownloadEXAMINATION OF FERTILIZATION OF WINTER WHEAT ON MEADOW CHERNOZEM SOIL pag. 127-133
Péter JAKAB-Dávid FESTŐ-Gábor ZOLTÁN-Levente KOMAREKWe studied the effect of different fertilization dosages on the yield and some generative factors (thousand seed weight, lenght of spike, number of spiklets) of winter wheat in 2015-2016 years. The experiment carried out on the area of SZTE Tangazdaság Ltd, in three replications after alfalfa forecrop. The soil of the experiment was meadow soil. The year of 2015-2016 was favourable for winter wheat. The amount of precipitation in the vegetative period of winter wheat was higher by 92.8 mm than the average. Beside the control we applied four fertilizer treatments: N80PK30, N100PK30, N120PK0, N120PK30 kg/ha active ingredients. We processed the obtained data by single factor variant analysis. We reached the highest yield in the N80PK30 treatment, which was significantly higher compared the control. Among the examined generative factors, fertilization treatments increased significantly the length of spike and number of spiklets compared the control. Under the influence of fertilization the plant height also changed significantly.
more abstractwinter wheat, fertilization, yield, generative factors
Presentation: oral
DownloadOPPORTUNITIES OF SIMULATION FOR STANDS STRUCTURE USING MATHEMATICAL MODELS pag. 133-144
A.M. BICA, G.C. CRAINIC, M. CURILĂ, S. CURILĂThe analysis, study and simulation of pure and/or mixed stand structure represent a particularly important problem in the forest management planning process, and respectively in the sustainable potential forest wood’s administration, management and exploitation. The stand's structure characterizes the composition, organization and functioning preferably of the tree storey with major implications on other parts of the forestry phytocoenosis and thus on forest ecosystems overall. Silvotechnics interventions are directly related to the stands structure, as a result the complex stand structure - silvotechnics intervention-forestry strategy is defining for the integrated forest management, related to the national forest stock, regardless of the type of ownership and administration. Currently there are possibilities to study, analyze and simulate various types of stands structure, using for this purpose the mathematical modelling, which in the present paper is based on splines and algorithms, for whose implementation we used MATLAB programming environment. In the conducted case study it was examined and analyzed the structure of a stand mixture consisting of spruce and beech species, using mathematical models with cubic splines interpolating the experimental data and using the interpolation results for simulating the corresponding normal probability distribution function. The results led to the conclusions and relevant recommendations to current practical activities (needed silvotechnics interventions) done in these stands.
more abstractstand, pure stand, mixed stand, stand structure, simulation of stand structure, experimental distribution, theoretical distribution
Presentation: oral
DownloadTHE AGROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES SOME NON-TRADITIONAL LEGUMINOUS FODDER PLANTS AND THE QUALITY OF THE HAY pag. 145-151
Victor ŢÎŢEI1, Veaceslav MAZĂRE 2, Alexandru TELEUȚĂ 1, Valentina ŢÎŢEI1Abstract. Food and energy supply is an acute problem of mankind in the context of depletion fossil fuels, climate change, degradation and reduction of agricultural lands. The efficient use of the biological potential of the local species of leguminous plants that are adapted to the specific climatic conditions becomes more and more relevant. We studied the agro biological features and the quality of the hay prepared from non-traditional plant species of fam. Fabaceae, local ecotype of the leguminous species Astragalus cicer, Lathyrus latifolius, Lathyrus sylvestris maintained in monoculture in Botanical Garden (Institute) of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova, control variant- alfalfa, Medicago sativa. The local ecotype of the leguminous species have a slow growth and development rates in the first growing season, in the following years the vegetation period started 3-7 days later and the harvest period to make hay can start with 22-39 days later than alfalfa. The hay yield varied from 1.13 kg/m2 to 1.33 kg/m2. The Lathyrus species hay productivity exceeding Medicago sativa with 25 - 40 % and Astragalus cicer with 5-18 %. The Lathyrus species hay contains 0.71 nutritive units/kg, 194 g/kg digestible protein, 6.2 - 8.1 g/kg calcium and 1.5-2.2 g/kg phosphorus ; Astragalus cicer hay – respectively 0.69 units/kg, 94 g/kg 14.1 g/kg and 1.1 g/kg; alfalfa hay- 0. 67 units/kg , 148.4 g/kg, 14.2 g/kg and 2.0 g/kg. The preliminary investigation indicates the gas forming potential of the digestible organic matter of the hay made from non-traditional fodder legumes varied from 446 to 452 litre/kg VS. The best methane content 57% was achieved in hay Lathyrus species, the lowest 53.5% in the biomass of Astragalus cicer in comparison with 55.9 % Medicago sativa hay.
more abstractagro biological features, Astragalus cicer, biochemical composition, biogas, hay, Lathyrus latifolius, Lathyrus sylvestris, nutritive value
Presentation: oral
DownloadMICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF GREY FOREST SOIL IN MAIZE CROPS pag. 152-153
Irina CHIMITDORZHIEVA1, Nadezhda ABASHEEVA2, Svetlana KHUTAKOVA1,V. MAZĂRE3The effect of lanthanum on the number of physiological groups of microorganisms in gray forest soil in maize crops was studied. Safe doses of introducing lanthanum into the soil have been established, increasing the abundance and biological activity of soil microflora. This increases the yield of green mass of corn, and the supply of nitrogen to plants is due to both fertilizer nitrogen and soil itself.
more abstractsoil, lanthanum, microorganisms, fractional composition, nitrogen corn, crop
Presentation: oral
DownloadEFFECTS TO GRAZING ON PHOTOSYNTHETIC AND PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS С3 AND С4 OF STEPPE PLANTS IN SANDLAND OF THE BARGUZIN RIVER BASIN, BAIKAL REGION, RUSSIA pag. 154-162
Y.A. RUPYSHEV1,2, A. V. SUTKIN1, T. G. BOIKOV1.V. MAZARE3Species composition, changes in the net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, water use efficiency and productivity of seven plant species (Artemisia frigida Willd., Cleistogenes squarrosa (Trin.) Keng, Carex duriuscula C.A. Mey., Kochia prostrata (L.) Schrad., Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvelev, Potentilla acaulis L., Stipa krylovii Roshev.) in three grazing intensities: ungrazed plot, overgrazed plot and restored grazed plot were determined in the Sandland of the Barguzin river Basin, Baikal region, Russia. Our results indicate that, there are close coactions between the physiological properties of species and their competitive advantages in various types of land uses. Overgrazing and steppe restoration significantly effects on the physiological characteristics, including net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate and water use efficiency. The changes in photosynthetic characteristics of plants can partly explained by their compensatory reactions.
more abstractnet photosynthetic rate; overgrazing; restoration; species composition; transpiration; water use efficiency.
Presentation: oral
DownloadSOIL RESOURCES IN THE COMMUNETEREGOVA CARAS - SEVERIN COUNTY pag. 163-168
Okros Adalbert, Niță Lucian, Dicu Daniel Dorin, Eva Monea, Astrid Groszler Simone, Mircov Vlad DragoslavThe present paper refers to the land pertaining to the cadastral territory of the Teregova commune, in Caraș-Severin county, respectively the soils identified in the mentioned perimeter. It is studied in relationship with the environmental factors that condition its existance, together forming homogenous ecological territory units (UT or TEO) which display specific favour abilities in different agricultural or silvicultural uses and with specific amelioration technologies and requirements. The paper aims at obtaining an information fund regarding technical and fertility characteristics, so as to determine the current general production capacity of the lands for various crop plants, respectively various usages which should fundament from a technical-scientific perspective the optimal practical measures regarding the rational preserving usage of the land fund, implementation of the nitrate directive, application of the epuration mud directive regulations, the biofuel directive, the directive regarding underprivileged areas delimitation, climatic changes, ecologic agriculture. Data interpretation, the natural frame characterizartion, analysis of production limiting factors like agricultural land assessment, were carried out according to the Methodology of Pedologic Study Elaboration (vol. I, II, III) developed by I.C.P.A. Bucharest under the A.S.A.S. Bucharest seal in a 1987, The Romanion Soil Taxonomy System (SRTS) from 2003, as well as the MAAP Order 223/28.05.2002 published in the Public Gazette from 13.08.2002, respectively the theoretical and practical materials from the paper ,,Guide to describing the soil profile and the specific climatic conditions in the field” elaborated by the National Institute for Research and Development in the field of Pedology, Agro-chemistry and Environmental Protection in Agriculture - ICPA Bucharest, in 2009. The Teregova commune territory lies in the Caraș-Severin county, at about 35 km from Caransebeș and about 70 km from Orșova. The Teregova commune is surrounded by: - the communal territory of Zăvoi, Armeniș, Slatina Timiș and Brebu Nou to the north - the communal territory of Mehadica, Luncavița and Domașnea to the south - the communal territory of Cornereva to the east - the communal territory of Văliug and Prigor to the west The total surface of the researched territory is of 33121 ha, the studied one of 16109 ha, and the total mapped surface is of 14008 ha, distributed on usage categories.
more abstractsoil, Teregova, technical and fertility characteristic
Presentation: poster
DownloadSOIL RESOURCES OF THE DOMAȘNEA COMMUNE, CARAȘ – SEVERIN COUNTY pag. 169-174
Okros Adalbert, Niță Lucian, Niță Simona, Dicu Daniel Dorin, Beutură Deliu, Astrid Groszler SimoneThe present paper refers to the land pertaining to the cadastral territory of the Domașnea commune, in Caraș-Severin county, respectively the soils identified in the mentioned perimeter. It is studied in relationship with the environmental factors that condition its existance, together forming homogenous ecological territory units (UT or TEO) which display specific abilities in different agricultural or silvicultural uses and with specific amelioration technologies and requirements. The present study aims at: - identifying, outlining and inventorying soil-land units, resulting in outlining a map and the legend of the soil and land units. - characterizing the identified soil units outlined on the map morphologically, physically, hygrophobically and chemically. - assessing the lands and establishing the favour ability for the main crops - highligting the nature and intensity of the limiting and/or restrictive factors of the agricultural production. - gouping lands depending on their appropriatenss for various uses (tillable, grassland, hayland etc.). - establishing usage categories and subcategories for agriculture or forestry based on the land appropriateness. - determining the soil provision/insuring with nutrients, as well as soil reaction (agrochemical soil characterization). - identifying, outlining and inventorying soil/land degradation types, establishing land restrictions for various uses and establishing proper agropedoameliorative and antiemotional measures. The Domașnea commune territory leas in Caraș-Severin county, at about 45 km from Caransebeș and about 60 km from Orșova. The Domașnea commune is made upmif the villages Cănicea and Domașnea, which is also the commune administrative center and is surrounded by: - to the north – the communal territory of Teregova - to the west – the communal territory of Luncavița - to the south-west the communal territory of Mehadica - to the south - the communal territory of Cornea - to the east - the communal territory of Cornereva. The following were determined through various calculus methods: - total porosity, PT( % ) - air porosity, PA % wilting coefficient, CO % - field capacity, CC% - total capacity, CT % - useful water capacity, CU% - maximum yield capacity - compaction degree GT (%) - humus reserve (t/ha) - nitrogen index I.N. - alkali saturation degree V%
more abstractyeld, soil type, nutrients, soil characteristics
Presentation: poster
DownloadA GUIDE TO BASIC ROMANIAN AGRICULTURAL TERMS AND THEIR ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS pag. 175-181
Groszler Astrid-Simone, Okros Adalbert, Dragoescu Alina-AndreeaIn the context of globalization, a need arises nowadays for specialists in various technical and scientific fields all around the world to properly communicate with each other. For the last decades, the common language of science has been English. In order to convey the correct information, scientists need to properly translate technical terms from their native language into English. This is not always an easy task, since there is never a perfect equivalence of terms. Therefore, non-native speakers often encounter problems when using another language instead of their native one. There are similarities based on the same common latin word root for some terms in various languages, but there are also many terms which can not be translated by using the same word or words in English as in Romanian. One of the hottest subjects nowadays, in terms of economical importance, is agriculture, specifically ecological or sustainable agriculture. Its importance has risen exponentially in the last decade, as more and more industrialised countries turn towards a more natural way of life. We encounter agriculture in almost every economical and even social branch. The highlight in tourism today is agritourism. The food industry also relies more and more on agricultural products. The present paper offers a basic glossary of Romanian terms employed in agriculture and their English equivalents. It targets not only researchers and academic staff, but also students pertaining to all levels, Bachelor, Master and Doctoral studies, since they are bound to come into contact with specific English vocabulary either in their bibliographical studies, or through scholarships and internships. Moreover, the paper aims to shed some light upon the reasons behind the difficulties in translation and indicate reliable sources which will help researchers and students in their further contact with ESP (English for Special Purposes).
more abstractagricultural terms, equivalency, translation, English for Special Purposes
Presentation: oral
DownloadSTUDENT PERCEPTION REGARDING LEARNING ASSESSMENT IN HIGHER EDUCATION pag. 182-187
Narcisa Georgeta CristaA major, permanent preoccupation of Universities is to increase the quality of the offered educational services. In this sense, a special attention is granted to the educational process as a whole: teaching, learning and assessment, its centering on the student’s needs. With this paper we aimed at analysing the agricultural higher ecucation student’s perception of the assessment process role in stimulating learning and the educational process quality. Based on the opinions expressed by the questioned students, we identified the methods used in student acquisition assessment, the way in which they are applied, as well as the students’ attitude towards the assessment process, highlighting the necessity to reconfigure learning assessment strategies, so that it facilitates the teaching-learning process.
more abstractevaluation, assesement, higher education, learning process
Presentation: oral
DownloadSIGNIFICANCE OF THE OSMOTIC ADJUSTMENT OF SOYBEAN (GLYCINE MAX L.) SELECTED GENOTYPES DURING INCREASING DROUGHT CONDITIONS pag. 188-195
Angelika FILOVÁ – Eleonóra KRIVOSUDSKÁAbstract: In soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], drought is the greatest threat to profitability and too often a crop with great promise ends up with only fair or poor yields because of dry weather. Nitrogen fixation activity by soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) nodules has been shown to be especially sensitive to soil dehydration.. The aim of this paper is to characterize water stress in inoculated soybean genotypes (with Nitrazon inoculant) using some physiological characteristics. In the two growing seasons of experiments with three genetic resources of soybean (Drina, Maverick, Nigra) was launched. Drought stress was secured by an irrigation interruption for a 9-day period in the mentioned growth stage. The influence of water stress was tested on some physiological parameters - stomatal closure, relative water content in leaf (RWC), free proline content and osmotic adjustment. Drought had a negative impact on the tested parameters. The objective of this research was to investigate possible genetic variation in the sensitivity of soybean cultivars for nitrogen fixation rates in response to soil drying. During the water stress was monitored the proline accumulation. Proline serves during the osmotic stress as a mediator of osmotic adjustment, a sink of energy and a stress signal. The higher content of free proline reached genotype Maverick with a level of 16.95 μmol.g-1Fresh Weight (according to the calculation on 100 % RWC) in dehydrated plants with the inoculant usage, what is related to the more notable RWC content decrease in the leaves. Among tested genotypes showed the higher capacity for osmotic adjustment during increasing drought conditions all genotypes with Nitrazon inoculation. The results indicate that physiological characteristics, such as relative water content, proline content and osmotic adjustment, are good indicators of water stress in soybean, proline content being a particularly reliable parameter corresponding to the actual water stress of plants.
more abstractdrought, osmotic adjustment, soybean, proline
Presentation: oral
DownloadDIVERSITY OF HABITATS RELATED TO AGRICULTURE AS HOTSPOTS FOR INVASION pag. 196-203
ALLA ALEKSANYAN, G. FAYVUSHThe article explains the urgency and the importance of study of the composition and status of invasive species, growing on disturbed habitats. We’ve evaluated the suitability and vulnerability of various habitats to invasion by alien plant species in Armenia. As a first step of current research, we have separated from all habitats of Armenia habitats directly or indirectly related to agricultural activities. As a next step it was carried out occurrence of invasive species and suitability of these habitats for their further spread. Based on this analysis it will be possible to develop control measures for further spreading of these species and for preventing the invasion into natural ecosystems and based on deepen research understand pathways of invasion in Armenia and adjacent countries.
more abstracthabitats, invasive species, biodiversity, agriculture, Armenia
Presentation: oral
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