Rjas

Vol 40, No 1 (2008)

THE GENETIC CAPITALIZATION OF SOME MAIZE INBRED LINES EXTRACTED FROM DIFFERENT GERMPLASM SOURCES pag. 3-6

H. Badescu, C. Salceanu

The present paper proposes a comparison between the value of different sources of germplasm used to create inbred lines and parental forms of some maize hybrids. The studied material represents the result of the breeding process of creating inbred lines at ICDA Fundulea, as well as the testing process in the conditions of SCDA Simnic of inbred lines and maize hybrids of foreign firms that operates in Romania with their own genetic material. The results show the progress achieved worldwide and in our country concerning the breeding methods of the hybrid maize in comparison with the situation between 1960 and 1970.

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maize; hybrids; cross-pollination; inbred lines

Presentation: oral

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THE VARIABILITY OF SOME CHARACTERS AND FEATURES WITH A FEW INBRED MAIZE LINES IN THE CONDITIONS OF CENTRAL OLTENIA pag. 7-10

H. Badescu, C. Salceanu

The phenotype variability of inbred lines can be interpreted as a fundamental factor in achieving a high heterosis with the hybrids in which those inbred lines are included. The inbred lines are characterized by the presence of less developed plants, shorter, with a lower yielding capacity, reduced growing rhythm, lower adapting capacity as a result of inbreeding process. By inbreeding is not always produced the degeneration yet the segregation and expression of the negative or unfavourable genes. In such conditions, the selection becomes more difficult. Our research has identified the way these characters can be avoided.

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maize; hybrids; features; inbred lines

Presentation: oral

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PHENOTYPICAL VARIABILITY OF SEVERAL IMPORTANT CHARACTERS AT SEVEN ECHINACEA PURPUREA CULTIVARS TESTED IN COLLECTION FIELD OF USAVM CLUJ NAPOCA pag. 11-14

Delia Banga, M. Ardelean, Marcel M. Duda, D. Varban

This paper aimed at determining the phenotypical variability between seven cultivars of Echinacea purpurea during three experimental years. The experimental data present the stems length, the number of stems and the number of leaves/shrub because of their medicinal importance and we analysed the shape index of flowers and leaves in order to determine the ornamental potential of these cultivars. According to the results, E. purpurea, originating in Arkansas USA, showed a very good medicinal potential while E. purpurea (Bydgoszcz,Poland) proved the best ornamental potential.

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Echinacea purpurea; phenotypical variability; cultivar

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCHES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION ON THE YIELD AND ON THE OIL CONTENT OF THE SUNFLOWER pag. 15-18

Marius Bîte, Ioan Borcean

The paper presents the results obtained for two sunflower hybrids, Performer and Banat, cultivated on two fertilization levels, with phosphorus and potassium and on four levels of fertilization with nitrogen. The average yield for the fertilization levels of Banat hybrid was 13% higher than that of the Performer hybrid. By doubling the doses of phosphorus and potassium from P50K50 to P100K100a, there has been obtained an average yield for the nitrogen fertilization levels increased with 25%. The fertilizers having a content of nitrogen have favourably influenced the yield when applied in the researched field N0 - N100.

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sunflower; fertilization with NPK

Presentation: oral

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THE RESULTS OF THE COMPARATIVE SUNFLOWER HYBRID CROPS OBTAINED DURING THE EXPERIMENTAL CYCLE 2005-2007 pag. 19-22

Marius Bîte, Ioan Borcean

he paper presents the crop results, the mass variation of 1000 grains, the oil content and production, obtained under the conditions of the alluvial soil found on the territory of Recaş. The studied hybrids were Favorit, Splendor, Performer, PR64A44, PR63A90, PR64A83 from the USA and the hybrids Banat and Valentino from Serbia. The level of medium crops on an experimental cycle has varied between 1740 kg/ha (for the Favorit hybrid) and 2821 kg/ha (PR63A90).

more abstract
sunflower – comparative hybrid crops

Presentation: oral

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VARIATION OF DROUGHT STRESS INDEX AT WINTER WHEAT CULTIVARS IN CENTRAL PART OF OLTENIA pag. 23-28

Ofelia Nicoleta Boghici, Gabriela Păunescu

Seventy-six wheat cultivars were compared in the field of ADRS Simnic during three years 2005-2007, where 2005 was a year with rainfall conditions and 2007 year with drought conditions. We identified cultivars of various origins with good results concerning the yield in the drought conditions on the base of drought stress index: TOL = stress tolerance; MP = mean productivity; GMP = geometric mean; SSI = stress susceptibity index; STI = stress tolerance index. The wheat cultivars with good results in stress and non-stress conditions were: Romanian cultivars: Alex, Glosa, Romulus, Boema, Delabrad, Crina, Şimnic 30, Rapid and Dor; Hungarian cultivar Martina; German cultivars Exotic and Cubus; French cultivar Aztec; cultivars Orion and Frini. These genotypes may serve as sources of germoplasm for breeding for drought tolerance.

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wheat; drought stress; stress susceptibility index, stress tolerance index

Presentation: oral

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ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF SOME OIL RAPE CULTIVARS FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF PRODUCTION QUALITY IN THE SOIL AND CLIMATE CONDITIONS OF THE SDE TIMISOARA pag. 29-32

Lucian Botoş, Georgeta Pop, Valeriu Tabără, D.A. Pop

In this paper we present the behaviour of some oil rape cultivars from the point of view of their yield and oil content. Results obtained determine scientifically the main components of some efficient rape cultivation technologies in the Banat area.

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rape cultivation; production; oil content; fertilisation

Presentation: oral

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PRELIMINARY RESULTS REGARDING THE BREEDING OF SOME SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS FOR BIODIESEL pag. 33-38

Gheorghe Bunta

In this paper we present the preliminary results regarding the testing in Romania of some sunflower hybrids with middle or high oleic acid. We find that some of these hybrids have a yielding potential close to standard hybrids, but they have some morph-physiological deficiencies like: susceptibility to breaking, falling, and scorching heat and Botrytis cinerea.

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sunflower; biodiesel; oleic acid

Presentation: oral

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THE REACTION OF SOYBEAN TO STRESS FACTORS pag. 39-44

Eva Candráková, N. Szombathová

ield experiment was established in University farming business in Oponice (48° 28´N, 18° 9´E) to evaluate the influence of abiotic and biotic factors on formation of the yield components and the yield of soybean in 2004 – 2006. The number of plants per m 2 , number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, thousand of kernels weight and grain yield by variety Korada and OAC Vision were tested. Variants of fertilization: (1) unfertilized treatment, (2) LAV 27% (40 kg ha -1 nitrogen) in the growth stage of first pair of true leaves, (3) Humix komplet (rate 8 l ha -1 ) applied twice in the stage of first pair of true leaves and before flowering. The yield of seeds was statistically significantly influenced with year and fertilization, but yield was not significantly influenced by studied varieties. Higher yield was reached by the variety Korada (4.24 t ha -1 ) than by the variety OAC Vision (3.87 t ha -1 ). The yield was positively influenced by application of Humix komplet fertilizer.

more abstract
soybean; fertilization; variety; yield; yield components

Presentation: oral

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YIELD AND ENERGY BALANCE OF DIFFERENT GROWING SYSTEMS OF COMMON PEAS pag. 45-50

Eva Candráková, R. Pospišil

field stationary experiment was carried out during 2001– 2005 at the Experimental base of the SPU in Dolná Malanta. The long-term average annual temperature of the site is 9.7°C and 16.6°C during the vegetation period. The average rainfall is 561 mm, including 323 mm during the vegetation period. The aim of the study was to evaluate yield and the energy balance of common pea growing under different soil tillage and fertilization treatments. The tillage treatments were as follows: conventional tillage (to the depth of 0.25 m), reduced tillage (to the depth of 0.18 m), and minimized tillage (to the depth of 0.10 m). (EZ), additional energy input (VE), and energy of yield (EHÚ). Rational utilization of energy input (VR) and additional energy input (VE) were also significantly influenced by evaluated fertilization treatments. The lowest yield of common pea was reached by minimized technology of soil cultivation. The highest energy gain was reached by the tillage to the depth 0.18 m and the lowest by the minimized tillage.

more abstract
energy balance; common peas; fertilization; primary soil tillage

Presentation: oral

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THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE PIONEER MAIZE HYBRIDS IN THE REGION OF THE CAMBIC CHERNOZEM FROM VALEA LUI MIHAI AND OF THE MOLLIC PROLUVIAL SOIL OF THE BIHAIA TERRITORY pag. 51-54

C. Chioreanu, Ioan Borcean

The paper resents the results obtained during the experimental cycle 2003-2006 with a comparative crop of 14 hybrids in the region of the cambic chernozem from Valea lui Mihai and a comparative crop with 13 hybrids in the Bihaia area, obtained on a mollic proluvial soil, leached, moderated. The average yields' level during the 4 years oscillated between 9400 kg/ha and 11,465 kg/ha in Valea lui Mihai and between 7586 kg/ha and 10,687 kg/ha in Biharia.

more abstract
maize grains – comparative cultures with Pioneer hybrids

Presentation: oral

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THE RESULTS OF COMPARATIVE CULTURES WITH MAIZE HYBRIDS IN THE REGION OF CARBONATE ALLUVIAL SOIL FROM THE WESTERN PART OF THE COUNTRY pag. 55-58

C. Chioreanu, Ioan Borcean

The researches have been done in the very favourable region for maize cultivation from Arad County. The paper contains the yields obtained during the period 2003-2006 in Sagu Arad for 16 maize hybrids with different vegetation period and the yields obtained in the region Utvinis from the same County, for 21 maize hybrids. The high percentage of hybrids belonging to the Pioneer brand has determined us to use the hybrids of this class. The grain yields were of between 4616 kg/ha and 72,89 kg/ha in Sagu and of between 7553 kg/ha and 10592 kg/ha in the region Udvinis.

more abstract
maize; grains; comparative crops with hybrids

Presentation: oral

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THE INFLUIENCE OF FERTILIZATION AND PLANT DENSITY ON ACHENE AND OIL PRODUCTION, WITHIN SOME SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS IN THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF JIJIA PLAIR pag. 59-62

Cristina Danalache, S. Ifrim, Geanina Botnar, C. I. Airinei

The work proposes to find the influence of various doses of fertilizers on the production of akenes and oils to the sunflower, as well as the influence of different densities of sowings.

more abstract
sunflowers; density; fertilization; hybrid

Presentation: oral

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GRAIN SORGHUM – PERSPECTIVES OF EXPANDING ITS CULTIVATION IN SOUTHERN BANAT AREA pag. 63-66

Gheorghe David, Adrian Borcean, Simona Niţă

Grain sorghum is an important crop since it is cultivated worldwide on over 40 million ha ensuring about 5% of the cereal production. Present hybrids are short in size, have stems resistant to fell, their grains detach easily upon harvesting, and yield considerable amounts. Its very good resistance to drought given the frequent years with precipitation deficit, as well as the few requirements from the soil ask for the expansion of its cultivation. Yields of over 5-10 t/ha are easy to obtain than in maize, while their nutritious value is close.

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grain sorghum; cultivation technology

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCH REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF BIOLOGICAL AND TEHNOLOGICAL FACTORS, CONCERNING PRODUCTION AND QUALITY OF POTATO, IN THE ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF THE MOLDAVIAN PLAIN, FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE pag. 67-70

Geanina Botnar, Cristina Danalache

In our researches, we studied the influence of organic manures on starch content for some potato varieties: Barna, Cleopatra, and Fabula. Another objective of experimentation was to find the influence the planting density has on the content of starch of various kinds of potatoes.

more abstract
potato; organic fertilization; density; cultivar; starch

Presentation: oral

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ASSESSING QUANTITY AND QUALITY OF SOME MARIGOLD CULTIVARS (TAGETES SP.) CULTIVATED AT CLUJ-NAPOCA (CLUJ COUNTY) pag. 71-74

Marcel M. Duda, Dan Vârban, Ilinca Imbrea, Sorin Muntean

Research aimed at identifying the marigold cultivars with the best production and quality results, as well as the easiest cultivars to harvest with a view to medicinal valorisation. In order to reach these objectives, we made up a collection of 8 marigold cultivars of 2 species – Tagetes patula and Tagetes erecta – and we studied their morphological, productive, and qualitative features. We made observations and measurements concerning the size and colour of the inflorescences, production, and carotenoid content. We also assessed the necessary labour force to harvest the inflorescences taking into account that it must be done manually. Marigold inflorescences are important both in phyto-therapy and in obtaining some extracts for the ecological protection of agricultural crops. Among the cultivars we studied, to note the Focul cultivar developed at the SCDL Bacău, with intensely orange coloured inflorescences rich in carotenoids.

more abstract
marigold (Tagetes sp.); production of inflorescences; carotenoid content

Presentation: oral

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THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF THE HILL AND MOUNTAIN AREA BY VALORISATION OF THE AGROECOLOGICAL RESOURCES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF SEED POTATOES PRODUCTION AND MULTIPLICATION, IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE EUROPEAN UNION STANDARDS pag. 75-80

Pompilica Iagăru, Gligor Ciortea, Romulus Iagăru

The cultivation of potatoes all over the world has proved that with all the varieties by growing them year for year a depreciation of the vegetative system of the plant takes place. Implicitly, continuously and progressively the initial production potential degenerates. Velican (1959) in his attempt to elucidate the causes and prevention methods for the potato degeneration establishes three basic theories: ecological, physiological aging and virotical. To diminish the percentage of virus-infected plants, a better management of phytosanitary methods in producing seed potatoes is of necessity. Besides this, also a higher proportion of resistant varieties within the admitted assortment is of importance (Iagăru, 2005). The potato represents for Romania a staple food for the population. High altitudes, the existence of natural barriers create natural conditions for isolating crops and therefore reduce virotic disease propagation (Bozeşan, 2003).

more abstract
potato; the initial production potential degenerates; resistant varieties; altitudes; natural barriers

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCH CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE OF THE FERTILIZATION AND SOWING DENSITY ON THE PRODUCTION OF SOME VARIETIES OF SPRING BARLEY IN ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS IN THE BARAGAN PLAIN pag. 81-86

Săndel Ifrim, Cristina Danalache

This paper had the following objectives: the optimization of the soil fertilization according to the soil, plant, organic fertilizer analyses, the test of some varieties of barley (in the researched arsenal), with an unknown origin spread in this area, discovery and use of some optimum densities which will contribute to the growth of the production for grains, without the increase of the content of the protein substances and to decrease the one for the carbon hydrate, the importance and the spread at barley plant, ecological conditions from the experience time, the material and the research method, the result of own research, economical efficiency and the final conclusions.

more abstract
barley; fertilization; density; production; variety

Presentation: oral

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THE VARIABILITY OF THE CHARACTERS OF THE PRODUCTION AND THE QUALITY TO AN ASSORTMENT OF SOYBEAN GLYCINE MAX (L.) VARIETIES AND EARLY LINE AT S.C.D.A. TURDA COLLECTION pag. 87-92

Simona Elena Ifrim, E. Mureșan, I. Haş

The results presented in this study were obtained after measurements and laboratory analysis done on two comparative cultures of orientation in the S.C.D.A. Turda collection in the year 2007. The analysis was done on crop production obtained per hectare, on protein and oil content, in view of the elaboration of a genitors list for a new selection cycle and perspective line in order to promote them in next stages of the breeding process.

more abstract
soybean production; protein content; oil content; perspective lines; grain quality

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCHES REGARDING THE MELLIFEROUS CHARACTERISTICS OF THE SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS, AS NECESSARY ELEMENTS FOR LEADING THE POLLINATION ACTIVITY BY THE HELP OF MELLIFEROUS BEES pag. 93-98

Viorel Ion, Nicoleta Ion, Victor Ştefan, Răzvan Coman

Within the present paper there are presented the results of researches carried out in the period 2002-2007 on an assortment of 40 sunflower hybrids with respect to their melliferous characteristics, which represent elements of interest for sunflower grower in view to assure the pollination by the help of melliferous bees, but also for the beekeeper who is leaving in pastoral with its beehives to the sunflower crops. The experiments were carried out within the experimental field belonging to the Field Crop Production Department of the Faculty of Agriculture from Bucharest, located at SDE Moara Domnească (15 km faraway from Bucharest on North-East direction), on a reddish preluvosoil.

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sunflower; hybrids; melliferous characteristics; Pollinationp

Presentation: oral

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STUDY ABOUT THE POSSIBILITIES OF INCREASING THE RAPESEED CULTIVATED LAND POTENTIAL IN ROMANIA pag. 99-102

Ilarie Ivan, F. Mariasiu

The European Directive 2003/30 EC establish the necessity to using the biofuels in transports to achieve the objectives of Kyoto Protocol, objective situated at a using a 6,3 % from totally European fuel consumption. The present paper analyzes the evolution of rapeseed crop in Romania and the difficulties in obtaining an efficient economically process. Is presented the practically results that was obtained by several agricultural companies that was used our recommended crop technology to obtained of a 2500-3600 kg/ha production.

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renewable energy; Rapeseed; biofuels; crop production technology; productivity

Presentation: oral

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WHEAT RESPONSE TO APPLIED PHOSPHORUS ON ACID VERTISOL pag. 103-106

Miodrag Jelić, Ivica Đalovic, Goran Dugalić

Efficient use of adequate level of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) is essential and important part of the sustainable agricultural production. P deficiency has been identified as one of the main limiting factors of crop production in various soils all over the world. The study was conducted to evaluate the response of wheat crop to phosphorus fertilization on acid vertisoil. Phosphorus was applied at the rate of 0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg P 2 O 5 ha –1 along with a basal dose of N and K 2 O, at the rate of 80–60 kg ha –1 , respectively The experiment was to design a RCBD with four replications. Wheat variety „KG 56“ was sown at the test. The data of 1000–grain weight, grain and straw yield was recorded and grain and straw samples were collected and analysed for P–concentration. The results showed that 1000–grain weight, grain and straw yields significantly increased with each level of P 2 O 5 application up to 120 kg ha –1 and yield at 150 kg P 2 O 5 ha –1 remained at par with 120 kg P 2 O 5 ha –1 . Phosphorus concentration in grain and straw by wheat also significantly increased in all the treatments except control.

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wheat; phosphorus; acid soil; yield

Presentation: oral

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YIELD COMPONETS OF SPRING BARLEY AS AFFECTED BY DIFFERENT FARMING SYSTEMS pag. 107-112

Milan Macák, N. Szombathová, Š. Žák, Eva Hanáčková

A field experiment was conducted in order to determine the influence of an ecological and low input system on the yield and selected yield components of spring barley. The experiment was carried out for during 2000-2005 on Luvi-Haplic Chernozem on an experimental station of the RIPP in Western Slovakia. Significantly higher (P<0.01) yield of spring barley was found in low input system compared to ecological one. Similarly the yield of dry matter was significantly higher (P<0.01) in low input system. Other studied yield components (number of spike per m -2 , kernels bulk density, and percentage of kernels larger than 2.5 mm x 20.0 mm) were not influenced by used farming systems. Each investigated yield component was highly significantly influenced by weather conditions during years. Since yield and some yield components were higher in low input system, we recommend use it for spring barley growing in studied soil-climatic conditions. When combine the studied years and farming systems, the influence of farming system was slightly lowered, and differences between ecological compared to low input system in yield of spring barley and dry matter were significant at level (P<0.05). Therefore, when consider the combination of farming systems in weather conditions during years, we can recommend use of both farming systems for spring barley growing in studied soil-climatic conditions.

more abstract
spring barley; farming system; yield components

Presentation: oral

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ON THE BEHAVIOR OF SOME NATIONAL AND FOREIGN CULTIVARS OF CHAMOMILE IN THE CONDITIONS OF S.D.E. TIMIŞOARA pag. 113-116

Iuliana Tabără (Maior), Valeriu Tabără

The invasion of medicinal and cosmetic natural products brings one other opportunity for cultivators, chamomile being one of the most used medicinal plants in these domains. The paper proposes to come in farmers help by the study of some nationals and foreign cultivars of chamomile that fit in Banat area. Research pointed out the fact that both cultivars have high yield capacity, still the Agrosel line had the highest production (861 kg/ha dry inflorescences) followed by Mărgăritar cultivar. On oil content, Mărgăritar cultivar was pointed out, followed closely by a chamomile population from Serbia. As conclusion of the obtained results, we could recommend the cultivation of Romanian cultivars because of the obtained results and for promoting the Romanian agriculture.

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chamomile; cultivars; yield; oil content

Presentation: oral

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ORGANIC.EDUNET – A EUROPEAN PROJECT THAT AIMS TO RAISE AWARENESS ABOUT ORGANIC AGRICULTURE AND AGROECOLOGY IN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES pag. 117-122

Nikos Manouselis, Xenophon Tsilibaris, Gheorghe Valentin Roman, Maria Toader, Lenuta Iuliana Epure

Organic.Edunet is an international project which will help universities and schools across Europe and beyond to make easier and better use of Internet technologies in order to enhance their educational offerings in the field of Organic Agriculture and AgroEcology (more information: http://www.organic-edunet.eu .). It will deploy a multilingual online environment (the Organic.Edunet Web portal) that will facilitate end-users’ search, access and use of the content in the learning repositories. In this way, digital content that can be used to educate European Youth about the benefits of OA and Agroecology, will become easily accessible, usable and exploitable.

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Organic.Edunet project; organic agriculture; agroecology; Internet

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCH REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF THE NPK FERTILIZATION TO THE CULTURAL HYGIENE AT THE WINTER WHEAT CULTIVATED IN THE CARACAL PLAIN pag. 123-126

Gheorghe Matei, Eugen Petrescu, Cătălin Aurelian Roşculete

The winter wheat is the most important culture crop for the European area related to the multiple utilizations of the seed production. To increase the yields obtained at this culture, the farmers must take all the integrated measures to protect the culture. The well-balanced fertilization with NPK levels ensures a good capacity of the plants to fight against the weeds and diseases and near the measure of herbicide application conduct to a good cultural hygiene at the wheat culture.

more abstract
nitrogen; phosphorus; potassium; diseases

Presentation: oral

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THE ROTATION AND FERTILISATION – IMPORTANT SHACKLE INTO INCREASE THE YIELD AT THE WINTER WHEAT CULTIVATED ON THE LUVOSOIL FROM SCDA ŞIMNIC CRAIOVA pag. 127-132

Gheorghe Matei, Gabriela Păunescu, Florin Imbrea

In this paper, we present the yields obtained at the winter wheat cultivated in different rotation systems under the influence of the mineral and organic fertilizers. From all the variants, the most valuable proved to be N 100 P 60 . Also very good productions were obtained at the variant with 20 t/ha manure.

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rotation; fertilization; yields

Presentation: oral

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THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION WITH VARIABLE DOSES OF NITROGEN FERTILIZERS APPLIED ON A CONSTANT PHOSPHOROUS AND POTASSIUM FOND ON THE YIELD AND ON THE OIL CONTENT OF THE WINTER RAPE pag. 133-136

D. C. Micu, Ioan Borcean

The work contains the partial results regarding the oil content of rape obtained on a salsodic chernozem soil poorly salted between 50 and 100 cm and having a clay-argillaceous texture. The used variety was the Winner variety. The highest yield obtained was of over 3100 kg/ha and has been obtained for the variant fertilized with N 80 P 80 K 80., The used nitrogen fertilizer was the aluminum sulfate. The nitrogen fertilizers have decreased the oil content from 46.5% (N 0 ) to 41,6%(N 120 ) in the variant fertilized with ammonium nitrate and from 46.5% (N 0 ) to 43.9% in the variant fertilized with ammonium sulfate.

more abstract
oil rape; fertilization

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCHES REGARDING WINTER WHEAT FERTILIZATION IN THE REGION OF SALTED SOILS pag. 137-140

D. C. Micu, Ioan Borcean

The researches have been done in the western part of Romania, on a salsodic chernozem soil, poorly salted, and had as goal to establish the doses' efficiency and the type of nitrogen fertilizer used on a constant base of P 80 . The results show the possibility of yield increase from 2400 kg/ha to over 5000 kg/ha, by fertilizing with N 200 , used as aluminum sulfate. Both types of nitrogen fertilizers have positively influenced the ponderal characteristics of the grains and of (MMB and MH) as well as the protein and wet gluten content.

more abstract
winter wheat; fertilization

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCH ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF WINTER OATS IN SOUTHERN BANAT pag. 141-144

Simona Niţă, Adrian Borcean

Winter oats has a special importance in the areas in which winters are soft since the yielding capacity of winter cultivars is superior to that of spring cultivars. In the studied domain, depending on the cultivar and fertilisation level, crops varied between extreme limits – 3268 kg/ha and 3943 kg/ha. To mention that during the trial cycle 2005-2007, there were climate abatements compared to multi-annual means of the area. Crop response curves pointed out in the studied cultivars maximum yields between 3581 kg/ha in the Florina cultivar, 3914 kg/ha in the Mirabel cultivar, and 3928 kg/ha in the Nupţiale cultivar for the nitrogen doses in the studied domain. Mean protein content increased together with the dose of nitrogen as follows: between 12.9 (N 0 ) and 14.2 (N 150 ) in the Florina cultivar, 12.5 (N 0 ) and 13.8 (N 150 ) in the Mirabel cultivar and 12.7 (N 0 ) and 14.0 (N 150 ) in the Nupţiale cultivar.

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winter oats; cultivars; fertilisation

Presentation: oral

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QUALITY INDICES OF THE TRITICUM DURUM (THE PANDUR CULTIVAR) UNDER THE IMPACT OF DENSITY AND AGRI-FUND pag. 145-150

Giorgiana Olteanu, Valeriu Tabără

In the field, we measured the density of the plants at the beginning of winter and upon kernel formation, and in the laboratory we measured the physical indices 1000-grain mass and hectolitric mass, as well as quality indices such as protein, gluteic index, vitrosity, moist gluten, fall index, deformation index, etc. Determination of quality indices of the yield was done through methods accepted by quality standards and stipulated for bread-making wheat 812-ISO7970/2001. The method we used was strip setting with overlapped agri-funds. The values of quality indices were measured in the laboratory and are compared through average values and present in tables and graphs.

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triticum durum; density; quality; agri-fund

Presentation: oral

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THE INFLUENCE OF IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN FERTILIZERS ON THE AUTUMN WHEAT PRODUCTION IN DOBROGEA CONDITIONS pag. 151-154

Liliana Panaitescu

This paper presents the production results obtained in wheat fertilized with N doses of 50, 100 and 150kg/ha, compared to the control variant unfertilized with nitrogen, and the effect of two irrigation norms, 400 mm and 750 mm, respectively, compared to the non-irrigated control variant. During the experimentation years (an average of three years), the production of the N fertilized wheat (50 kg/ha) was higher by 6.67 q/ha compared to the unfertilized control variant. In the version fertilized with 100 kg/ha, the production was higher by 11.84 q/ha, compared to the unfertilized control variant. In the version fertilized with 150 kg/ha, the production was higher by 16.07 q/ha, compared to the unfertilized control variant. Regarding the irrigation norms, in the version irrigated with 750 mm water/ha, the production was higher by an average of 7.7 q/ha compared to the non-irrigated wheat, while in the version irrigated with 400 mm water/ha, the production obtained was higher by an average of 3.4 q/ha compared to the non-irrigate wheat.

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wheat fertilized; irrigation norm; production; doses

Presentation: oral

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CONTRIBUTIONS REGARDING THE PROMOTION OF TECHNOLOGICAL ITINERARIES IN RAPE CULTURE IN THE CONTEXT OF APPLYING SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE IN THE DOBROGEA PLATEAU pag. 155-160

Liliana Panaitescu

A series of physical and geographical factors, especially the south-eastern position of Dobrogea, its location within the Black Sea basin and the Danube valley, have determined a number of particularities in the structure, evolution and organization of the rural space in general and the agricultural one in particular. All these involve a certain structure of the cultures and a certain distribution of the categories of field utilization, as well as a distribution of the localities. Lately, rape has been a lucrative culture. Because the rape oil demand is higher than the supply, the whole harvest can be quickly sold for satisfying prices. This paper presents an analysis of the rape culture in the country and in Constanta county in the last few years, a technological itinerary applied in production conditions for rape cultivation in the Dobrogea plateau, in the context of applying a sustainable agriculture with environmentally-friendly technological links. Also, the paper presents the results obtained regarding the average number of siliques on a plant, the average number of grains in a silique, the mass of one thousand grains, the average mass of grains on a plant and the production obtained in some of the rape hybrids that were studied.

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rape hybrids; sustainable agriculture; technological itinerary

Presentation: oral

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IRRIGATION IMPLICATIONS ON THE SOYBEAN CROP IN THE PEDOCLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE CARACAL PLAIN pag. 161-164

E. Petrescu, Gheorghe Matei, Cătălin Aurelian Roşculete

The purpose of this study was to identify the specific water consumption level for the soybean crop that grow well in the pedoclimatic conditions of the Caracal Plain. Using the irrigation for maintaining water reserve between minimum level of easily water content and field capacity has improved the crop water consumption and yield too. Further more, there are presented useful data for water application forecast and warning from the corresponding methods and equipment standpoint.

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soybean; water consumption; evapotranspiration coefficients; yield response

Presentation: oral

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IMPACT OF FERTILISATION AND OF ROW DISTANCE ON SOY PRODUCTION IN THE SOIL AND CLIMATE CONDITIONS OF THE WESTERN PLAIN (ROMANIA) pag. 165-168

Paul Pîrşan, Florin Imbrea, Lucian Botoş, Daniel Grosz

Between 2005 and 2007, we studied the impact of fertilisation (N 0 , N 30 and N 60 , on a constant fund of P 80 K 80 ) and of row distance (25 cm, 37.5 cm and 50 cm) on soy on the cambic chernozem in Timişoara. We also monitored the impact of fertilization and row distance on biometric features (plant height, number of pods per plant, and the insertion of the first pod level).

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soy; nitrogen dose; row distance

Presentation: oral

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STUDIES CONCERNING THE IMPACT OF FERTILISATION ON PROTEIN AND OIL CONTENT IN A SOY CULTIVAR ASSORTMENT pag. 169-172

A. Popa

In this paper we present the results of research on protein and oil content in the soy cultivars Românesc, Columna, Avila, SP9191RR, S2254RR, and AG0801RR with differentiated nitrogen fertilisation (N 0 , N 50 , N 100 ), on a constant fund of P 60 K 60 . At the level of the studied factors, on the average during the trial cycle 2004-2006, in Variaş, protein content varied in the studied biological materials between 27.5% and 39.9%, while oil content was between 21.6% and 25.1%.

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soy; fertilisation; protein and oil content

Presentation: oral

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ON THE IMPACT OF SOWING TIME AND SOWING DENSITY ON YIELD AND QUALITY IN BARLEY pag. 173-176

Daniel Popa, Ioan Borcean

Research was carried out in the hill area of the Meridional Carpathians, in the Horezu Depression, on a typical eutricambosoil strongly levigated with a low acid reaction and a humus content of 2.43%. Results pointed out that the optimal sowing interval is September 10-20. Delaying sowing time until October 10-20 leads to a diminution of the production of over 800 kg/ha. Optimal sowing density was 550 g.g./m 2 . Protein content depending on the sowing period varied between 12.0 and 13.1%, and starch content varied between 56.1 and 59.1%.

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barley; sowing technology

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCHES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZATION ON THE FLOWER YIELD OF TAGETES SP. ( FRENCH MARYOLD) pag. 177-180

Ionică Prohab, Ioan Borcean

In the paper are presented the results of the research done on the moderate gleic alluvial soil from Belinţ area obtained by differentiated fertilization for Tagetes tenuifolia, Tagetes erecta, and Tagetes patula, the yellow, orange and nana types.The highest yield was that of 1700 kg/ha liguled dry flowers and was obtained for Tagetes erecta.The yield of liguled dry flowers was increased by 8% by doubling the doses of phosphorous from P 40 to P 8 . The nitrogen based fertilizers, N 34 – N 128 , led to increased yields in the studied areas. Depending on the doses used, the increase in yield was between 2% and 17%.

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Tagetes sp: fertilization with NPK

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THE INFLUENCE OF SEEDING TECHNOLOGY ON THE HARVEST AND ON THE CONTENT OF TAGETES PATULA L. ACTIVE PRINCIPLES pag. 181-184

Ionică Prohab, Ioan Borcean

The researches done on the Timiş Plain on a moderate gleic alluvial soil make available for the interested persons data referring to the optimal seeding period, the distance between rows and the plant density for the Tagetes patula L species. The total yield of Flores Tagetes sine receptaculuis on the test area varied between 2600 and 8600 kg/ha. The heleanin content on average samples drawn from the three harvests has been of 0,366 %.

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Tagetes patula; seeding technology

Presentation: oral

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CEREAL AND CEREAL PRODUCTS’ CONSUMPTION TENDENCIES IN ROMANIA pag. 185-188

Andreea Mihaela Rădac, Ioana Anda Milin, Cosmina Simona Toader, Corina Ruşeţ

The consumption general tendency was oriented to an active support of the population nutrition with high nutritional quality products (meat, fish, milk, eggs, fruits and vegetables) and to reduce gradually the cereal products’ consumption, but in Romania the situation was not always like this.

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tendencies; consumption; cereals

Presentation: oral

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ORGANIC.EDUNET – A PROJECT OF EUROPEAN INITIATIVE THAT AIMS TO RAISE AWARENESS ABOUT ORGANIC AGRICULTURE AND AGROECOLOGY IN AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITIES AROUND EUROPE pag. 189-194

Gheorghe Valentin Roman, Maria Toader, Nikos Manouselis, Xenophon Tsilibaris

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Organic.Edunet project; organic agriculture; agroecology; Internet

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COMPARATIVE RESEARCHES ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF RECORDED AND RECOMMENDED HYBRIDS OVER THE A, B AND C HYBRIDS AS REGARD THE GRAIN YIELD IN SIMNIC – CRAIOVA ZONE pag. 195-198

C. Salceanu, N. Voica, L. Olaru, H. Badescu

The corn hybrids are grown for their heterosis potential, which enhances the plant yield as well as the physiological features as drought resistance, bending resistance and pest resistance and so on. Recently, our country has received several hybrids originated from abroad, especially from western countries as US and France. In order to have reliable data on the comparison between old local varieties and hybrids and these new hybrids we have researched them in several years at the Research Station of Simnic. The results have shown good characteristics of these hybrids in comparison with the local varieties.

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corn; hybrids; cross pollination; inbred lines

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COMPARATIVE RESEARCHES ON THE BEHAVIOUR OF RECORDED AND RECOMMENDED HYBRIDS OVER THE A, B AND C HYBRIDS REGARDING THE BENDING RESISTANCE AND DROUGHT IN SIMNIC – CRAIOVA ZONE pag. 199-202

C. Salceanu, N. Voica, L. Olaru, H. Badescu

The bending resistance and the drought resistance are key features for the modern corn hybrids. If the corn plant bend down it cannot be harvested by the mechanical harvester any longer. In what the drought resistance is concerned, it can be said that if a hybrid can produce in such conditions, the farmer’s welfare is ensured. Romanian corn hybrids were tested in a comparative trial at the Agricultural Research Station of Simnic in comparison with foreign ones. Our results show relative superiority of one or another according to the character genes that are involved. We can summarize that care must be paid in order to obtain such features within the breeding process.

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corn; hybrids; cross pollination; inbred lines; bending and drought resistance

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THE EFFECT OF FERTILIZATION ON GRAIN YIELD AND PROTEIN CONTENT IN THE GRAINS OF SEVERAL WINTER WHEAT GENOTYPES pag. 203-208

Nadica Savić, Miodrag Jelić, Ivica Đalovic

Mineral nutrition of wheat crops grown on acid soils is specific. Well-balanced nutrition with nitrogen and phosphorus is crucial, the latter nutrient having a higher impact. Studies of fertilization effects were conducted in a stationary field trial on a degrading vertisol soil with low pH (pH < 5.0). Six variants of mineral nutrition (N, NP 1 K 1 , NP 2 K 1 , NP 1 , NP 2 and NK 1 ) and untreated control (without nutrition) were tested in the experiment. The rates of nitrogen application were 80 and 120 kg N/ha, and they were applied either individually or in combination with two phosphorus rates and a potassium fertilizer. Grain yields and protein contents in seven genetically divergent cultivars of winter wheat (Takovčanka, Ana Morava, KG–100, Lazarica, KG–56S, KG–4 and KG–5)were analyzed. The investigation displayed considerable variation in the cultivars grain yields and grain protein contents depending on mineral nutrition. The cultivars Ana Morava and Takovčanka achieved the highest grain yields under mineral nutrition involving a combination of three mineral elements: N, P and K (120 kg N, 100 kg P 2 O 5 and 60 kg K 2 O), and under NP treatment at a rate of 120 kg N and 60 kg P 2 O 5 . The cultivar KG–56 S had the highest protein content, while the lowest was achieved by KG–5. The highest increase in grain protein content was achieved by applying NP nutrition at the rates of 120 kg N and 60 kg P 2 O 5 , as well as by NK nutrition at 120 kg N and 60 kg K 2 O.

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mineral nutrition; wheat; cultivar; proteins; grain yield

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCHES REGARDING THE BEHAVIOUR OF A SUNFLOWER HYBRIDS ASSORTMENT UNDER THE CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF THE YEARS 2006 AND 2007, ON THE REDDISH PRELUVOSOIL FROM THE SOUTH OF THE COUNTRY pag. 209-214

Victor Ştefan, Viorel Ion, Nicoleta Ion, Marin Dumbravă

The present paper presents the results of researches carried out on an assortment of 20 foreign sunflower hybrids, in the trial field of the Field Crop Production Department of the Faculty of Agriculture, Bucharest, from SDE Moara Domnească (15 km away from Bucharest on the North East Direction), under the climatic conditions registered over the years 2006 and 2007 on a reddish preluvosoil. The paper also comprises results of an experiment carried out on 4 foreign sunflower hybrids under climate condition of 2007.

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sunflower; hybrids; characteristics

Presentation: oral

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SILVANA (LV. 200) - A NEW DIOIC HEMP CULTIVAR DEVELOPED AT THE SCDA LOVRIN (TIMIS COUNTY) pag. 215-220

Valeriu Tabără, Carmella Florica Duma, Camelia Moldovan

The Silvana dioic hemp cultivar has been developed at the Agricultural Research and Development Station in Lovrin (Timis County), as a result of a series of hybridisations followed by repeated individual selection. It is characterised by avery good yielding capacity (11,360 kg/ha pf stems in the STAS network, 775 kg/ha seed, and over 31% fibber content in the stems. The hemp cultivar has a good adaptability to environmental conditions, and a vegetation period of 135 days in seed crops and 83-108 days in fibber crops.

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hemp; fiber; lines

Presentation: oral

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EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS REGARDING NUTRITIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL QUALITY OF BACKING CEREALS pag. 221-226

Maria Toader, Gheorghe Valentin Roman

The paper presents the results of research performed during 2004-2007 on Moara Domnească Experimental Field, near Bucharest City, regarding chemical composition and yield quality on three species of backing cereals: wheat, rye and triticale .Research distinguished following wheat grains chemical composition values: moisture between 1.59 and 11.89% and dry matter content comprised between 88.11 and 88.41%, from which: proteins between 12.01 and 12.20%; wet gluten between 25.37 and 28.78%; starch between 65.45 and 66.31%; lipids between 2.37 and 2.62%; cellulose between 1.85 and 2.09%; ash between 1.21 and 1.68% and between 247 and 272 seconds for Falling Number. By comparison, rye grains were distinguished themselves depending on: proteins between 13.03 and 13.32%, wet gluten between 3.68 and 4.07%, and Falling Number between 60 and 77 seconds. Triticale grains distinguished themselves through a proteins content between 14.29 and 14.64%, gluten between 4.16 and 4.50%, and Falling Number between 121 and 126 seconds.

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baking cereals; nutritional quality; food allergies

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCH REGARDING THE MAIZE SEEDS GERMINATION AT THE MAIN MAIZE HYBRIDS CULTIVATED IN TRANSILVANIA pag. 227-230

Camelia Todoran, G. Morar, Cristina Maria Neag, Constantin Chiper

This paper studies the uniformity of the main hybrids springing which are cultivated in Transilvania from seeds with different production years and with different calibres. The calibrated seeds plots assure sowing in the best conditions of mechanization, an equidistant spreading of seeds and determine the achievement of a uniform plants springing.

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maize; calibre; germination

Presentation: oral

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COMPARATIVE CHICKPEA CULTIVARS AND PROVENANCE CROPS IN THE SOIL AND CLIMATE CONDITIONS OF THE LOW MUREŞ PLAIN pag. 231-234

Magdalena Carolina Trifu

Research carried out between 2004 and 2006 in the low Mureş Plain, in Variaş, pointed out the possibility of obtaining chickpea yields of over 4000 kg/ha. Among the studied chickpea cultivars, to note the Cicero 1 chickpea cultivar, whose yield was above 4300 kg/ha. The number of ramifications in the studied chickpea cultivars varied within low limits, i.e. between 3 and 4. The number of pods per plant varied within broad limits, i.e. between 24 and 25, as did the number of beans per pod, i.e. between 30 and 60.

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chickpea; comparative cultivar crops

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THE INFLUENCE OF THE NUTRITION SPACE UPON THE PRODUCTION, AT CALENDULA OFFICINALIS L. SPECIE, IN THE CONDITIONS OF CLUJ-NAPOCA pag. 235-238

Dan Vârban, Marcel M. Duda, Rodica Vârban, Sorin Muntean

Flowers of calendula have colagog, healing, anti inflammatory and calming effect. The variant sown at the distance of 50 cm between rows and 10 cm between plants on row it is recommended for production. The period of vegetation at Calendula officinalis L. is about 154 days.

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Calendula officinalis L.; germination faculty; nutrition space; active principles

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INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL FERTILIZATION ON BAKERY QUALITIES OF SOME AUTUMN WHEAT RACES (TRITICUM AESTIVUM), IN S.D.E. TIMISOARA PEDOCLIMATIC CONDITIONS pag. 239-244

Ladislau Wagner, Valeriu Tabără

The present paper reveals the carried experiments that had as main goal the establishment of autumn wheat optimum fertilization doses and also the bakery quality testing for some of wheat races that were under the influence of different fertilization doses. From the experimental data results that the best wheat races for bakery have been: Ciprian, Alex Baika and Lv 34 .Comparing the four fertilization doses it results that the optimum nitrogen fertilization dose is 100 kg/ha A. S.

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wheat; varieties; fertilization; dose; quality

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RESEARCHES CONCERNING YIELDING CAPACITY OF SOME AUTOMN WHEAT RACES (TRITICUM AESTIVUM), UNDER FERTILISATION INFLUENCE IN SDE TIMISOARA pag. 245-248

Ladislau Wagner, Valeriu Tabără

Wheat is one of the most important cereals and cultivated plants for Romania. The market value and the profitability of this crop is provided by yielding capacity from genetic potential and maximum of reachable yields point of view. From experiments result that, concerning yield capacity, the best wheat races were: Ciprian, Gobe, and Othalom. From applied fertilization treatments we can conclude that the optimum nitrogen dose is 140kg\ha, considering the pedoclimatic conditions of studied year.

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wheat; varieties; fertilization; dose; production

Presentation: oral

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MODERN TOPOGRAPHICAL METHODOLOGY EMPLOYED FOR THE IDENTIFICATION AND THE DETERMINATION OF LAWN SURFACE pag. 251-256

Costel Bârliba, Alexandru Moisuc, Luminiţa Cojocariu

After the EU integration, the necessity of rural development appears, along with a new functional frame for agricultural and lawn terrain. The paper studies the influence and the topographic methods used in agriculture, for lawn implicitly, as a field for terrain inventory, necessary for rural development and not only. The paper has at its basis the knowing of topographic equipment and topographic survey methods for parcels. In addition, a description of methods used in data processing is present along with the field measuring data.

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GPS; total station; cadastral work orthophotoplan; area calculation

Presentation: oral

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USING MODERN CADASTRAL TECHNOLOGY FOR SWARDS IDENTIFICATION IN CRICIOVA VILLAGE, TIMIŞ COUNTRY, ROMÂNIA pag. 257-262

Costel Bârliba, Alexandru Moisuc, Luminiţa Cojocariu

The purpose of the paper is to realize a single survey work of swards from Criciova Timiş Counnty, in order to identify the properties and register them into the land record. In order to identify the parcel limits, which is the object of this paper, we proceed in using the GPS ProMark 3 station static module in the station point from the Class II national geodesic network “La Cuciuba” and the “stop and go” module of the station for every parcel corner, later one after downloading activate the possibility of making plans on the whole swards territory of the locality .

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ProMark 3 GPS; cadastral work; orthophotoplan

Presentation: oral

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THE PRODUCTION OF SOME FORAGE BEET SOMACLONES pag. 263-266

Dorica Botău, Sabin Chiş

The regenerated plants in long-term “in vitro” culture showed some modifications of agronomical traits that can be used in breeding programs of this plant. In this paper, we present the results regarding the traits evaluation of forage beet somaclones, obtained by “in vitro” regeneration and multiplication from meristem, and acclimatization in green house. All somaclones presented increased values in comparison with the control (plants cultivated in normal conditions), for root weight, leaf weight and total weight. These results point out that the “in vitro” induced variability is important and valuable.

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forage beet; somaclones; productivity

Presentation: oral

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ASPECTS REGARDING VEGETATION BEGIN AND WINTER ACCESS OF SOME SPECIES OF FORAGE GRAMINEOUS PLANTS pag. 267-270

Mihaela Corcheş, Alexandru Moisuc

For the success of a culture, one must know at any moment the vegetation state of the meadow and forage plants to be able to apply the measures that are required for getting big productions. Reserve substances accumulation, which plants need to get started in spring vegetation takes place in the root, offsets, at the base of stems. This permits plants to resist at low temperatures during the winter and in spring to get started in vegetation early. After the arise degree analysis of Dactylis glomerata, Lolium perenne and Festuca pratensis species, it was observed that the arise degree is very good, the arise degree being of 95% at all breeds. The fraternity degree at Dactylis glomerata and Festuca pratensis species answer to the optimum stage of entering the winter, and at Lolium perenne breeds it is under the optimum stage of entering the winter.

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Dactylis glomerata; Festuca pratensis; Lolium perenne; sameness at arise; fraternity degree

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ON THE IMPACT OF TEROPHYTA DYNAMICS ON PASTORAL VALUE OF A PERMANENT GRASSLAND IN THE SURDUC LAKE AREA (TIMIS COUNTY) pag. 271-274

Carmen Durău, Alexandru Moisuc, Ioana Loredana Tomodan

In this paper we present a study of the impact of some terophyta on the pastoral value of some permanent grassland of Poa pratensis L. The inventory of the vegetal cover was done with the help of the double meter method; observations were done by analysing 35 samples for 5 years. The study of the dynamics of the frequency specific to terophyta we can draw the conclusion that there is a negative correlation between it and pastoral value and pastoral value decrease rate depends on the frequency specific to terophyta (i.e. -0.77).

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permanent grassland; terophyta; specific frequency; pastoral value

Presentation: oral

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STUDY CONCERNING THE BEHAVIOUR IN WINTER OF SOME TURF MIXTURES IN THE CONDITIONS OF WESTERN ROMANIA pag. 275-278

Adriana Hanc-Stoian, Alexandru Moisuc

In this paper, we have studied the behaviour of some turf mixtures during winter. The vegetal carpet's ability to remain “green” is very appreciated under the influence of the negative temperatures, ice and snow, lack of light, and some possible latent periods, or the presence of a certain disease. Because the use of turf mixtures is so divers, the species of grasses are evaluated from the point of view of some features common to all the turf species and make proof of the utilisation value to which is more suitable.

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turf; mixtures; evaluation; behaviour

Presentation: oral

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THE INFLUENCE OF SAMPLE PARTICLES SIZE ON THE DETERMINATION OF TOTAL NITROGEN CONTENT FROM FORAGES BY NIR SPECTROSCOPY, USING MINIMUM REFLECTANCE VALUES pag. 279-284

Monica Hărmănescu, Doru George Laieş, Veronica Sărăţeanu, Alexandru Moisuc

The main objective of this scientific paper was to study the influence of forages samples particles size on the determination of total nitrogen content (TNC) by NIR Spectroscopy. For this, correlations were realized between the values obtained for TNC using classical Kjeldahl method and the minimum reflectance values for four frequencies from NIR spectra. We used two particles sizes for forage samples: bulk (sieve with 1 mm diameter) and fine (sieve with 0.3 mm diameter). The correlation coefficient R 2 obtained for regression equation of bulk particles size was equal with 0.8212, smaller than that for fine particles size R²=0.90542092. It is possible to observe that the usage of fine particles size improves significantly the correlation coefficient R 2 of regression equation.

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total nitrogen content; NIR Spectroscopy; forages

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L’INFLUENCE DES PRÉCIPITATIONS SUR LA PRODUCTION DE MATIÈRE SÈCHE SUR UNE PRAIRIE PERMANENTE DANS LES CARPATES ORIENTALES pag. 285-288

Vasile Juravle, Alexandru Moisuc

Sur une prairie permanente les précipitations peuvent affecter considérablement la production de fourrages. Dans les conditions rencontrées (pH=4.8, régime de précipitation 500–600 mm/année,) sur une prairie permanente située dans les Carpates Orientales, nos résultats montrent qu’il y a une grande différence de production de matière sèche (MS) entre deux fauches et cette différence est donnée par les quantités de précipitations.

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prairie permanente; régime de précipitations; matière sèche

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCHES REGARDING SOME MORPHOLOGICAL HARACTERS OF PRODUCTION IN DIFFERENT PHENOPHASES AT TRIFOLIUM ALEXANDRINUM L. pag. 289-292

Florin Marian, Alexandru Moisuc, Luminiţa Cojocariu, Marinel Horablaga

he production capacity of berseem clover is different taking into account the harvest phenophase and it is conditioned by different production elements like: number of tillers, bush height and leaf surface. In this paper, we propose to observe the influence of different production characters, on berseem clover, in different harvest phenophases. The results obtained have shown that the bush weight realizes the biggest production in 69 phenophase, leaf surface having the biggest influence on bush weight, namely 56 % of its weight

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trifolium alexandrinum; phenophases; production characters; bush weight

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LE CALCUL DES INDICES DE NUTRITION – UNE MÉTHODE DE RÉDUCTION DES COÛTS DE PRODUCTION SUR UNE PRAIRIE PERMANENTE pag. 293-296

Răzvan Mihăilescu, Alexandru Moisuc

L’optimisation de la production d’une prairie permanente et une des problématiques actuelles des éleveurs. Ce problème peut se resoudre par la réduction de l’application des engrais minéraux sans pénaliser la quantité et la qualité de fourrages produits, en utilisant des outils de diagnostique capables de rendre compte de la biodisponibilité des éléments nutritifs du sol et l’aptitude des plantes de les prélever. Une de ces méthodes est la méthode des indices de nutrition. Dans ce travail on se propose de calculer l’indice de nutrition azote (INN) et de suivre son évolution sur deux années d’expérimentation pour savoir quelle est la variante de fertilisation la plus économique. L’expérimentation est menée sur une prairie permanente implantée sur un sol acide (pH=4.8) avec différents régimes de fertilisation. Nos résultats montrent qu’ un apport de N 200 P 50 K 50 fait augmenter la valeur de l’indice de nutrition azote de 41 (en 2006) à une valeur de 83 (en 2007), pour les autres variantes l’augmentation de l’INN n’étant pas importante d’une année à l’autre.

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prairie permanente; fertilisation minérale; indices de nutrition azote; optimisation de la production

Presentation: oral

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INFLUENCE OF FERTILISATION ON THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF THE BIOMASS OF GRASSLAND FROM GRĂDINARI (CARAŞ- SEVERIN COUNTY) pag. 297-302

Alexandru Moisuc, Ionel Samfira, Luminiţa Cojocariu, Marinel Horablaga, Carmen Durău, Veronica Sărăţeanu, Doru George Laieş

Obtaining good vegetal yields and with high quality from grasslands needs the use of the improvement measures. Among these, fertilisation has a determining role on the obtained yield and quality. This work presents aspects concerning the effect of different fertilisation types (chemical, organic, and mix) on the percentage and yield of crude protein. The experimental plots are set on one of the grassland of Grădinari locality (Caraş-Severin County) during 2006-2007. There are applied different fertilisation doses, the most efficient in 2006 being 10 t/ha manure applied once, and in 2007 the chemical fertilisation dose N 100+100 P 50 K 50 .

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grassland; fertilisation; crude protein content; crude protein yield

Presentation: oral

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VEGETATION EVOLUTION OF GRASSLAND AFFECTED BY FLOODING pag. 303-308

Alexandru Moisuc, Ionel Samfira, Luminiţa Cojocariu, Marinel Horablaga, Carmen Durău, Veronica Sărăţeanu

The humidity excess represents one of the problems of many grassland from Banat, especially in spring, but sometimes in autumn too. In the area between Timiş and Bega rivers an important problem is represented by the temporary flooding of the grasslands with the water stagnation for a longer of shorter period. This fact determinates changes in the composition of vegetation.

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grassland; vegetation evolution; flooding; fertilisation influence

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TOTAL ASH CONTENT DETERMINATION FROM GRADINARI (CARASSEVERIN COUNTY) PERMANENT PASTURE FORAGES USING NIR SPECTROSCOPY pag. 309-314

Monica Hărmănescu, Alexandru Moisuc, Florina Radu, Iosif Gergen

The aim of this scientifically paper was to study the possibility to determine total ash content of forages harvested from permanent pasture from Gradinari (Caras-Severin County) by NIR Spectroscopy. For this it was realized correlations between the values obtained for total ash content using classical dry mineralization method and the reflectance values from NIR spectra. The correlation coefficient R 2 obtained for regression equation when it was used the minimum reflectance values was 0.8077, higher than those for maximum reflectance values, R²=0.6356.

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total ash content; NIR Spectroscopy; forages

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APPROACH ON THE SHRUB INVASIVE SPECIES IMPACT ON WESTERN ROMANIAN GRASSLANDS pag. 315-318

Veronica Sărăţeanu, Marinel Horablaga, Ciprian Stroia, Monica Butnariu, Cristian Bostan

This work presents a study realised on some grassland from western Romania that are characterised by the presence of shrubs. Those have a great impact on the vegetation because they determine changes in the structure of the vegetation carpet, but also they are affecting the grassland exploitation too, especially through the diminishing of the useful surface.

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grassland; invasive shrub; vegetation; impact

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ASSESSING THE INVASIVE SPECIES IMPACT ON THE GRASSLANDS FROM WESTERN ROMANIA pag. 319-326

Veronica Sărăţeanu, Marinel Horablaga, Ciprian Stroia, Monica Butnariu, Cristian Bostan

The purpose of this work is to present a synthesis of the researches realised on 28 grasslands from Banat during 2003-2005 concerning the impact of some species on grassland and the determination of their invasive character. Most of the studied species have acted as invasive, this fact being manifested through the increase of the coverage index of the surface from a year to another. Even this study is realised at local scale, the results, respectively the study method can be applied at a regional scale too. Also, in this way can be characterised other species that are suspected from the invasivity point of view to be noxious.

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grassland; invasive species; vegetation; spreading coefficient

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THE STUDY OF THE COMPORTMENT OF SOME FOREIGN ALFALFA VARIETIES DURING THE FIRST VEGETATION YEAR UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF WEST PLAIN CONDITIONS pag. 327-330

Camelia Ştefan, Alexandru Moisuc, Veronica Sărăţeanu

Alfalfa is a plant with distinct qualities, being appreciated because of some multiple uses as forager plant. The chemical composition of alfalfa and a good digestibility, near to a great production capacity, a good perenity and the fact that it lets great amounts of organic mater rich in nitrogen in soil makes from alfalfa a very important and necessary plant in the ecological or biological crop system.

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alfalfa; first vegetation year; root length; nodosities number; plant’s weight; offshoots number; number of root’s branches

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ASPECTS CONCERNING THE PRESENT STATE OF A GRASSLAND OF LOLLIUM PERENNE L. AND TRIFOLIUM REPENS L. AROUND FARDEA (TIMIS COUNTY) pag. 331-334

Ioana Loredana Tomodan, Alexandru Moisuc, Carmen Durău

In this paper we present a study of the present state of a grassland of Lollium perenne L. and Trifolium repens L. The vegetation was inventoried with the help of the double meter by establishing the bio-form and geo-element for each species participant in the analysed vegetal cover. As a conclusion, we can say that Poaceae and Asteraceae are the most numerous, hemi-cryptophyta represent 62%, followed by terophyta; bioform analysis shows that the most numerous species are Euro-Asian ones (22.5%).

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permanent grassland; bioform; geo-element

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POLLINATION AND BINDING SEEDS PROCESS ON DI- AND TETRAPLOID RED CLOVER (TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE L.) IN TRANSYLVANIA’S CONDITIONS pag. 335-340

Marioara Urda, M. Savatti

In this paper the di- and tetraploid red clover seedlings will be compared, under the aspects of pollination, fertility and binding seeds process. After a vast amount of research, the results obtained were that, often, the low seed yield in di- and tetraploid red clover is caused by of one of these factors: the improper pollination and fertility perturbance.The purpose of the experiments during the years 2004-2006, was to determine the pollination effects and to offer important clues about di- and tetraploid red clover seed production in Transylvania’s condition. Red clover is a typical allogamous plant in which the auto incompatibility system determined by the S alleles is very strong, the pollination is compulsorily done by honey and bumble bees. The red clover flowers are very attractive to a large amount of insects, but because of the flower structure, only some sort of insects can do the pollination. The efficiency of the activity of a pollinator depends not only on the flower structure, but also on the meteorological conditions.

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di- and tetraplid red clover; pollination; fertility; seed production

Presentation: oral

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STIGMATROPHIC ACTIVITY A NEW PEST DIABROTICA VIRGIFERA VIRGIFERA LE CONTĖ CONNECTED WITHIN A „PIONEER“ MAYZE DIVERSITY pag. 337-342

Floarea Adam, Gheorghe Popescu, Ioana Grozea

The most harmful pest in maize crops from the Western part of Romania is Diabrotica virgifera virgifera or the Western maize root worm. In the Western part of our country, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera Le Conté adults attack leaves – phylotrophy, silk – stigmatrophy, pollen – androtrophy, fulcrant roots – rhyzotrophy and cob – spermatrophy. In order to establish this pest’s attack, we have founded an experience, in Sagu (Arad region), on 8 American-origin maize hybrids (Pioneer Al Dupont Company), belonging to different maturity groups. They have represented the trophic background for the pathogens within the pathosystems and for the new pest larvae as well. In the case of silk-based nutrition, the frequency of cobs affected by the Diabrotica virgifera virgifera Le Conté adults is recorded with the biggest values, namely: 35.91% (early hybrid PR 38A24) and 55.74% (mid-early hybrid PR 37M34, in 2006 and 53.4%-96.2%, percentages achieved by the early hybrid PR 37D25 and extra-early PR 39D81). From a statistical point of view, distinctly and very distinctly significant attack pluses were recorded toward the control variant, and also toward the experimental mean, in both years of research. The high percentage achieved place all Pioneer maize hybrids into the sensitiveness reaction field

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Zea mays; Diabrotica; agresivitate; stigmatrofică; mătase; grupă de maturitate

Presentation: oral

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„PIONEER” MAIZE HYBRID PRODUCTION IN RELATIONSHIP WITH THE TANDEM „PATHOSYSTEMS – THE NEW PEST DIABROTICA VIRGIFERA VIRGIFERA LE CONTÉ”, IN THE WESTERN PART OF THE COUNTRY pag. 343-348

Floarea Adam, Gheorghe Popescu, Paul Pîrşan

Successive to the researches performed in the experimental field from S.C. Agrogil (Sagu, Arad county), during 2006-2007, where we cultivated 8 maize hybrids, belonging to various maturity groups (extra-early, early, mid-early, mid-late), of American origin (Pioneer Al Dupont Company), we have noticed the following aspects related to their yields: - the productive amplitude of the 8 Pioneer maize hybrids, studied in the Arad region, was between 4692 kg/ha (PR 39D81) and 7459 kg/ha, achieved by the control hybrid PR 37D25; - the fungi within the maize pathosystems – Helminthosporium turcicum, Fusarium roseum and Ustilago zeae, with their parasitical effect, have determined a decrease of the average hybrid yield with 1155 kg/ha; - the new pest Diabrotica was involved, through its rhyzo-, philo- and stigmatrophic actions, with a yield decrease of 2161 kg/ha. The reduction of maize hybrid yields is due to some intrinsic (internal) and extrinsic (external) factors. The intrinsic factors belongs to the maize hybrids and it is about a lower activity of the genes involved in production and the lack of genes generating resistance to diseases and to the new pest Diabrotica. The extrinsic factors include soil, as an edaphic factor, with a low nutritive content (absence of fertilization) and the insufficient release of absorption elements, monocrop and the parasitical factor.

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Zea mays; pathosystem; production; hybrid; Diabrotica

Presentation: oral

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TRYING AND ISSUES CONCERNING THE FITOSANITARY TREATMENTS, WITH PERFECTIONATE DISPOSABLE WITH SPRAYING pag. 349-356

Florinel Boja, Nicu Boja, Alin Teuşdea

In this paper it is studied the possibility of using the watering devices used by man for pest control, with experimental composition in the laboratory for the establishment of some work optimal parameters as the following: the optimization of the liquid norms, the observation of the uniformity level, the number and the diameter of drops, the establishment of the efficient spraying distance for the performance of an optimal handling.

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spraying devices; uniformity level; spraying; optimal and handling

Presentation: oral

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BEHAVIOR OF A WHEAT ASSORTMENT TO THE ATTACK OF THE MAIN FOLIAR DISEASES BETWEEN 2006-2007 pag. 357-360

Adrian Borcean, Levente Molnar

Between years 2006 and 2007 at Didactic Station of University of Agricultural Sciences of Banat County from Timisoara there was carried out some observations for evaluation of behavior on diseases attack of five wheat varieties fertilized with three different nitrogen amounts on a ground of same level of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers amounts.

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wheat varieties; foliar diseases

Presentation: oral

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THE BEHAVIOR OF A SUNFLOWER ASSORTMENT AT THE ATTACK OF THE MAIN PATHOGENS UNDER THE CONDITIONS FROM DIDACTIC STATION OF U.S.A.M.V.B. TIMIŞOARA pag. 361-364

Adrian Borcean, Dan Nicolae Manea

In the present paper are presented results for the year 2007 concerning behavior of an assortment of 24 sunflower lines from Monsanto on pathogen attack, in natural conditions at Didactic Station of Banat's University Of Agricultural Sciences And Veterinary Medicine Timişoara.

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sunflower; pathogens; natural conditions

Presentation: oral

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THE WEED CONTROL STRATEGIES OF APERA SPICA-VENTI IN WHEAT CROPS pag. 365-370

Cornelia Ciobanu

Cultivating wheat in monoculture and practicing a short rotation determine proliferation of some specific weeds like as Apera spica-venti like as gravity in floristic structure and like as quantitative and numeric too. The weeds dynamics in wheat monoculture crop and in two, three, four rotations show an increasing of total weeds inclusive of Apera spica-venti in monoculture and in short rotation (wheat - maize), where infestation degree is taken values by 72%, respective 65% after 23 years. Three and four year’s rotation contributes at decreasing of total infestation and of specific weeds too. Chemical control measures for Apera spica-venti are necessary in wheat monoculture and also in short rotation (wheat - maize) to, utilizing specific herbicides (Puma S, Attribut, Axial) associate with those for dicotyledonous (Rival Super Star, Peak) which will assure a 92 – 94% efficacy and very significant yield spores.

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Apera spica-venti; infestation dynamics; gravity species; plant rotation; background; chemical control; specific herbicides

Presentation: oral

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THE INFLUENCE OF SOME HERBICIDES ON WEED DEGREE DECREASING AND THE INFLUENCE ON MAIZE YIELD IN THE NORTH - WESTERN PART OF ROMANIA pag. 371-374

Cornelia Ciobanu, Gheorghe Ciobanu, Adrian Vuşcan

In the control technology, the appropriation of combined herbicides having fundamentally Atrazin will be replaced with herbicides having fundamentally Terbutilazin which have a similar efficiency in annual weeds (91 – 93%), but without any remanence for environmental and for next cultures. For annual and perennial weeds control the alternative control methods are based on utilization of some associate treatments (preemergents or ppi) (Metaclor, Acetoclor, Dimetenamid) with those post-emergent (Mesotrine,Prosulfuron, Primsulfuron/prosulfuron) as well as application of herbicides only post-emergent (Rimsulfuron/Dicamba, Mesotrine + Nicosulfuron). The exclusive post-emergent application follows after choosing the strategy depending on the weeds infestation.

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maize; dominant weeds; chemical control; preemergent herbicides; postemergent herbicides; efficacy; environmental protection

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCH ON THE IMPACT OF THE FOLIAR BIO-FERTILISER BIONAT PLUS ON POTATO RESISTANCE TO THE ATTACK BY THE COLORADO BEETLE (LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA) AND ON POTATO YIELD IN THE BANAT HILL AREA pag. 375-378

Snejana Damianov, Gheorghe Simeria, Otilia Cotuna, Lavinia Mădălina Micu

The goal of our research was to monitor the effect of the foliar bio-fertiliser Bionat Plus on potato yield and the increase of plant resistance to the attack by the Colorado beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) as a result of stimulating plant vegetative growth and of the repellent effect of the preparation. This is just the beginning of such research in the field, through which we try to apply simultaneously warned phyto-sanitary treatments and foliar bio-fertiliser complexes. The trial was set on a potato crop – the Ostara cultivar from the Almaj Valley (Caras-Severin County) – in two variants and a control. In variant I we used the foliar bio- fertiliser Bionat Plus together with pesticides in doses of 2 l/ha in the first treatment and 3 l/ha in the second treatment. In variant II, we applied all 3 warned chemical treatments with no bio-fertiliser. The yield increase in the first variant was 3500 kg/ha compared to the second variant (treated with pesticides only), and the percentage of chemical treatment reduction was 33.3%. In the first treatment we no longer applied treatment 3, since by applying the two chemical treatments together with the foliar bio-fertiliser Bionat Plus, the attack by the Colorado beetle was below the economic damage threshold.

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foliar bio-fertiliser; treatments; production; effect

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE MORPHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF SEXUAL DIMORPHISM IN THE GRANARY WEEVIL (SITOPHILUS GRANARIUS L.), MAJOR PEST OF THE STORED CEREALS pag. 379-384

Adrian Dinuţă, Horia Bunescu, Ilonka Bodis, Oana Pop

To solve the multiple practical aspects raised by the achieving of cereals stocks protection (especially wheat and corn) against granary weevil Sitophilus granarius L., the research aimed a complex study on the sexual dimorphism at this species, aspect which help to prevent the weevils damages using non-polluting methods (with the aid of sexual pheromones, ovogenesis inhibitors, etc.). Due to the summarily data in the scientific literature of the world refering to the sexual dimorphism of the species, a detailed study was made within the Entomology Laboratory at the Faculty of Agriculture of USAMV Cluj-Napoca and at the Center of Electronical Microscopy of Babeş-Bolyai University in Cluj-Napoca (Romania), during 2005-2007.

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sexual dimorphism; granary weevil; pest; stored cereals

Presentation: oral

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IMPACT OF WEED CONTROL ON POTATO INFESTATION AND YIELD pag. 385-388

Ivica Đalovic, D. Milošević, Milan Macák, Štefan Týr

Weed control is one of the most important factors for a successful crop production and therefore the prevention of weed–crop competition at an early stage plays a very important role. From the beginning of the growing season until a plant height of 25–30 cm potato is very susceptible to weed infestation.Results of the three–year herbicide efficacy investigation Dual 960EC + Prometrin SC 500; Basagran 600 SL + Prometrin SC 500 and Sencor WP 70 + Fusilade super combined with mechanical weed control on the potato yield have presented. Investigated herbicide combinations have influenced weed species and number decrease. Regarding control plot without herbicide application, all investigated combinations have shown significant increase of potato yield. The highest average yields in three years period have achieved by the combination Sencor WP 70 0.8 kg ha –1 + Fusilade super 2.5 lha –1 (28.2 t ha –1 ), that represented significant increase regarding most of the investigated variants.Statistical significance of herbicide efficacy and investigated year interaction have affected by the different effects of applied herbicide combination on potato yield, depending various meteorological conditions.

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weeds; herbicides; potato; yield

Presentation: oral

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THE INFLUENCE OF SOME CULTURAL PRACTICES ON WEED EXTENT IN THE GRAPEVINE PLANTATION OF SD TIMISOARA pag. 389-394

Anca Aneta Drăgunescu

The developed researches aimed the study of floristic composition of weeds from table grape plantation of Didactic Station Timisoara and their control degree by applying the most efficient control measures. Most of weeds that attack grape bearing vineyards are annual species with different vegetation periods and cover the whole vegetation period of grape vines. However, the perennial weeds seem to cause the most severe damages and especially those propagated through rhizomes (Agropiron repens, Cynodon dactylon, Sorghum halepense) or root shoots (Cirsium arvense, Sonchus arvense, Convolvulus arvensis etc.). The experience included 10 variants with herbicides and manual control practices.

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herbicides; manual control; weed extent; grape vine

Presentation: oral

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L`INFESTATION DES CHAMPS DE BLÉ PAR LES MAUVAISES HERBES DANS LE DÉPARTEMENT DE TIMIŞ (2006-2007) pag. 395-398

Alina Fărcăşescu, Karl Fritz Lauer, Gicu Gabriel Arsene, Alina Georgeta Neacşu

Nous présentons une image de la situation des mauvaises herbes dans la culture du blé dans le département de Timis en 2006 et 2007 à travers: l’inventaire floristique, la participation en % des espèces selon la catégorie biologique, la bioforme, l’élément floristique, les indices auto-écologiques. Par comparaison avec des études antérieures, l’importance des espèces comme Gallium aparine ou Sinapis arvensis a diminué, pendant que d’autres espèces sont devenues dominantes, bien que connues dans les cultures sarclées (Convolvulus arvensis, Chenopodium album, Elymus repens).

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flore ségétale; degré d’infestation; mauvaises herbes; blé; Timiş

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCHES REGARDING THE SPREADING DEGREE OF THE MAIN APHID SPECIES IN EXPERIMENTAL FIELDS FROM STN TIMISOARA pag. 399-404

Liana Mihaela Fericean, Ioan Pălăgeşiu

This paper presents data referring to spreading ability of main aphid species from potato cultivations, for a period of two years 2005-2006. In these two experimental years the number of main aphid species was converted in unit of spreading by estimating the value of species virulence and virus infestation danger. The knowledge of the mobility capacity of the main aphid species from potato cultivations constitutes a basic element of the integrated potato pest control.

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potato; aphids; virulence; virus

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCHES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF ZONE ECOLOGICAL CONCERNING THE POTATO APHID FAUNA DINAMICS FROM S.D TIMIŞOARA AND VARFURILE pag. 405-410

Liana Mihaela Fericean, Ioan Pălăgeşiu, Cristina Zepa

This paper presents data referring to the dynamics of aphid species from potato cultivations, for a period of two years 2005-2006, from Didactic Station Timisoara and Varfurile County. Between the two zone there are differences regarding the altitude and also ecological conditions. In pedoclimatic conditions of the Western part of Romania, potato aphids fauna is rich having in total a number of 42 species. In the lower plain at STN Timisoara there were collected 34 species. In the Virfurile mountain area have been collected 42 species.

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potato; aphids; fauna; abundance; dominance; Timisoara; Varfurile

Presentation: oral

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BRANCHING PATTERNS IN FUNGAL HYPHAE DURING THE COLONIZATION OF QUERCU CERRIS AND QUERCUS PETRAEA LITTER pag. 411-418

Ecaterina Fodor, Alin Teuşdea, Ovidiu Hâruţa

Fungal mycelia are iterative and modular structures with different branching strategies according to the nature of the substratum and abundance of nutrients. Two types of experiments were developed to mimic nutrient poor and nutrient rich substrata: fragments were excised from litter leaves corresponding to substrate discontinuity and were sealed with cover slips to allow the developing mycelia to bridge the formed gap. In an alternative experiment, drops of agar malt medium were placed on leaves and incubated for 44 hours. CCD camera captured images of growing mycelia were visualized in polarized light and camera lucida drawings (scanned subsequently) were submitted to image analysis. Fractal analysis was performed on both types of images using HARFA program. The calculated fractal exponent is a good descriptor of mycelia branching and growth. In nutrient poor environment, the fractal exponent describes foraging type of mycelia branching due to explorative growth strategy (between D= 1.14 and 1.32) while in nutrient rich environment it describes the exploitative growth strategy (between D=1.62 and D=1.89)

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fungal mycelia strategies; fractals; foliar litter

Presentation: oral

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PINEUS STROBI HTG. (HOMOPTERA, ADELGIDAE), A PEST OF PINUS STROBUS pag. 419-422

Ciprian George Fora, Karl Fritz Lauer

In this paper is presented health situation of species Pinus strobi tree from Timisoara city parks, by the point of view of infestation with the pest Pineus strobi. We had made observations on the number of 151 trees, with age between 10 and 110 years. After our observations were been establish a infestation of different intensities at 87% of analyzed trees, infestation, which can induce a early drying of the trees, trough overlapping with other destabilization factors like are pollution and parasite fungus.

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Pineus strobi; pest; Pinus strobi

Presentation: oral

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THE EFFECT OF THE INSECTICIDE NEEMAZAL-T/S ON LYMANTRIA DISPAR L. CATERPILARS pag. 423-426

Ciprian George Fora, Karl Fritz Lauer

The objective of field trial presented in this paper were to establish in what measure the NeemAzal-T/S (1% azadirachtin A) insecticide has effect on vitality of Lymantria dispar caterpillars, when it is applied as emulsion of 0.5%, 1%, 2% and 2% emulsion mixed with 0.1% raps oil or with 1% Bacillus thuringiensis var. aizawai. At three days of contact with treated leafs, caterpillars do not consumed with pleasure the food and at five days do not eat anymore. The total extinction appear after 13 th days. The higher efficiency had the combination 2% NA+1%Bta.

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NeemAzal-T/S; caterpillars; Lymantria dispar

Presentation: oral

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CONTROLLING CYDIA POMONELLA IN THE PIONEER APPLE TREE VARIETY IN CONDITIONS OF THE DIDACTIC STATION TIMISOARA pag. 427-430

Olimpia Iordănescu, Gheorghe Simeria, Snejana Damianov, Roxana Micu

The codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) is one of the most important and damaging pests existing in the apple orchards of the Banat’s region. It damages especially the apple trees and the pear trees and the attack has two forms: a primary attack (when fruits are damaged superficially) and a secondary one (when fruits are severely damaged and they present galleries and excrements of the pest). During the first generation the unripe damaged fruits stop growing and they will fall down. The secondary attacks hurry the maturity of fruits and their falling down before time.The control of this pest in our country is often inadequate and the damage and therefore economic losses are enormous. This lack of control is caused by structural problems such as the absence of an advanced distribution network for phyto-pharmaceutical products, obsolete spraying equipment, the insufficient exchange of knowledge and the codling moth itself between the local research facilities and the actual apple growers.

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Pioneer variety; codling moths; pheromone traps; treatment scheme

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCH CONCERNING THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMIC PRODUCTS IN THE COMBAT OF INSECTS IN THE COLZA CULTURE AND THE BEES FAMILIES IN THE YEAR 2007 pag. 431-436

Alin Jivan, Silvia Pătruică, Gheorghe Popescu

The main propose of this research was the observation of bees returning from the colza culture to the hide with pollen depending on the hoer. In the period April-may 2007 5 bee families out of the own bee culture where studied on their behavior during the blooming period of the colza culture, the aspect that the culture was treated with Friponil insecticide (Regent) for the insects combat (Athalia Rosae and Meligethes aeneus). During the 3 days of counting bees, they had a normal behavior in the hide till the colza was treated, the maximum number of bees counted was of 562 for the first week during the interval 9:15-9:30 at the family number 2 and in the second week 580 at the sane family and in the same time period, and after the 6 th day of treatment another research was made and the conclusion was that in all the hides the number of bees coming in from the fields was very low, maximum 60 bees at the bee family number 1 during 9:15 - 9:30 during the afternoon no bee was observed coming in with pollen. Now we can affirm that the Fipornil insecticide (Regent) is extremely harmful as well for the nectar collecting bees as well as for the pollen collecting bees, their def occurred after short time. Because this insecticide is causing extreme damage to the bee families, this has to be replaced with products without, or with less toxicity factor. In this domain there where many researches made, but none of them was centered on the number of bees coming with pollen in the hide after the culture has been treated.The originality of the research consists in the way of the research that is the number of bees and the measurement of the surface with offspring razed up by the bee families during this period. I give bug attention to this work because trough this kind of research there can be proofed if a product is toxic for the bees or not.

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substances; bee; research; numbering; depopulation

Presentation: oral

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STUDIES REGARDING THE INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL PESTICIDES IN COMBATING THE PESTS FROM THE SUN FLOWER FIELDS, UPON THE DECREES OF THE BEE FAMILIES IN THE YEARS 2006-2007 pag. 437-444

Alin Jivan, Silvia Pătruică, Gheorghe Popescu

The purpose of this study was to observe the quantity of younglings raised by the bee family studied in the blooming period of the sun flower culture , in the conditions in which the seed was treated with the imidacloprid pesticide (Gaucho 600g/l)and the BACTERIAL procloraz(Mirage 450g/l). In July 2006 and 2007, for 4 weeks 5 studied bee families where the aspect of their behavior during the sunflower springing and under the aspect of offspring deposits. As a witness, the gathered pollen from the acacia blooming was taken. During the sun flower culture blooming the maximum number of 1800mm2 surface covered with offspring was recorded, at the bee family nr.5. All the offspring frames where measured from all the studied hides and one could observe that the bee family where during 15 minutes more than 650 bees where observed coming into the hide with pollen and nectar loaded in the morning, the surface of frames covered with offspring was bigger than at the other hides the maximum value recorded was of 1800mm2 in the first week and at the bee family where less than 500 bees where counted entering the hide pollen and nectar loaded the surface covered with offspring was of maximum 1300mm2. The work is original through his methods of research, the counting of the bees and the measurements of the surfaces covered with younglings raised by the bee family in this period. This work is very important because through such researches it can be demonstrated if one product is toxic for the bees or not.

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substance; bee. Younglings; measure; decrees

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCH ON THE AMINO-ACID CHANGES IN THE WHEAT GRAIN AFTER INFESTATION BY RHIZOPERTA DOMINICA pag. 445-450

Lavinia Mădălina Micu, Doru Ion Petanec, Florina Radu, Ioan Pălăgeşiu

The presence of storage pests in the stored produce leads to the impurification of the latter and to the diminution of bread-making and germinating features of the seeds, sometimes making them improper for use as such. The biological value of the proteins in the wheat grains is high, since they contain all essential amino-acids, acids that the human body alone cannot synthesise. Compared to the requirements of the human body, requirements that somehow limit the biological value of the proteins in the wheat, the amino-acid lysine is in small amounts; compared to lysine, there are even smaller amounts of methionine, isoleukine, and triptophane. The goal of research was to monitor the changes of the amino-acids in the wheat grains infested by Rhizoperta dominica. They have published relatively very little on the effects of the infestation by this insect of essential and non-essential amino-acids in the wheat grain. Results of bio-chemical analyses with modern methods, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) shall be supplied to all interested farmers, to milling and bread-making enterprises, as well as to similar academic institutions in Romania and abroad. Quantitative changes of the amino-acids were monitored on a number of 5 sample variants infested with 25, 50, 75, and 100 insects of Rhizoperta dominica, respectively. As a result of the measurements, we can see that the essential amino-acid the most consumed by Rhizoperta dominica is valine, followed by isoleukine and histidine, while the most consumed non-essential amino-acid preferred by this pest species is praline. As a conclusion, after a month of attack by the pest species Rhizoperta dominica, there is considerable biological value decrease of the proteins in wheat caused by the consumption of essential amino-acids.

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infestation; Rhizoperta dominica; modifications; aminoacids

Presentation: oral

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THE EVALUATION OF THE RESULTS IN FIGHTING OF APPLE WORM CYDIA POMONELLA IN FIELD CONDITIONS , BY „ATTRACT AND KILL” METHOD pag. 451-454

Ion Oltean, Horia Bunescu, Teodora Părău, Ilonka Bodiş

The research objective was the estimation of results in fighting the apple worm Cydia pomonella in field condition, by the application of specific sexual attractive pheromon, following the „attract and kill” method.

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apple worm; pheromonal traps; attract and kill method

Presentation: oral

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THE SUPRASPREADERS EFFECT SILWET L-77 IN INSECTICIDES SOLUTION ON POTATO CROP pag. 455-458

Ion Oltean, Teodora Părău, Ilonka Bodiş

In the conditions of the actual situation of agosystems from Romania’s agriculture without chemical fighting, based on the integrated fighting, of weeds, diseases and pests it cannot be conceived the development of crop production. Besides the preventing methods for fighting, it is recommendated the application of chemical methods of fighting with the most secures and efficient products, which corresponds the actual level of finicality for the potatoes for consumption and seeds.

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potato; Colorado beetle; insecticides

Presentation: oral

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THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE SEPTORIA SPP. PATHOGEN ATTACKS AND DIFFERENT CONTENTS IN WHEAT GRAINS pag. 459-464

Ioan Oroian

The phytopathology and agrochemistry research presented in this paper emphasizes data regarding the interactions of certain intrinsic factors of production involved in the evolution and manifestation of foliar disease on wheat. The effect of the interrelations between the gradual level of fertilization of the soil, between the fertilization using foliar fertilizers (Urea, Folifag), phytosanitary treatments (clorotalonil and propiconazol) and the degree of attack of the Septoria spp. fungus, as well as the multiple interactions of the named factors is obvious. The correlations between the experimental factors and the content of macro and microelements in the wheat grains were also studied. The correlations between wheat septoriosis and the content in main macro and microelements from grains and correlation to production reveals the lack of correlations statistically assured. The negative correlation between septoriosis attack and total nitrogen (r =0.3357) and manganese (r=0.372) from grains is the exception. In conclusion, between the Septoria spp attack and different contents in wheat grains decisive bound of determination was not recorded.

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phytopathology; agrochemistry; wheat; fertilizer; factors; Septoria spp.

Presentation: oral

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RELATIONS OF SIMULTANEOUS MANIFESTATION AT THE MAIN WHEAT MYCOSIS RELATED WITH THE PRODUCTION OBTAINED pag. 465-468

Ioan Oroian

The research aimed the global interdependence of the action of more wheat pathogens (Fusarium spp., Septoria spp. and Blumeria graminis) and the production obtained both quantitative and qualitative. Its shows up the fact that the foliar diseases of wheat (mildew and septoriosis) determine the level of production on the quantitative level, and the diseases which affects the wheat, especially mildew, have more important influence in qualitative forming of the production.

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wheat; mycosis; production; interdependence

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCH CONCERNING THE ATTACK BY PHYLLOXERA VASTATRIX PLANCHON ON VINE IN THE TIMIŞ COUNTY IN 2007 pag. 469-472

Doru Ion Petanec, Lavinia Mădălina Micu, Gheorghe Murg, Snejana Damianov

Phylloxera is the most damaging vine pest in Europe and Western United States, and damage is more important in newly-planted vineyards than in 10-year old ones. There are also differences in tolerance or resistance between the species; therefore, Vitis vinifera is very sensitive to the attack of the root form, but its leaves are resistant, while the American species Vitis viparia does not allow a large number of galls on its leaves, but is resistant to the root form. But, if foliar infestation is not too high, it has no economic effect whatsoever on the vines or quality and quantity of wine produced from the vine. The goal of research was to monitor and point out the attack degree of the species Phylloxera vastatrix, a quarantine pest A 2 of the OEPP and Apothem studies were carried out on vine nurseries, mother-plantations, and port-graft plantations in the Timiş County, between April and August 2007, together with the Phyto-Sanitary Unit of Plant Protection of the Timiş County. In order to identify the characteristic symptoms on the leaves, the control was done randomly, all during the vegetation period, starting from the end of April and the beginning of May. As a result of research, we could note a medium attack by phylloxera, the gall form and with no root form whatsoever, in the Timiş County; we issued warning bulletins in problem areas and we recommended the use of resistant graft-carriers.

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vine; attack; phylloxera

Presentation: oral

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE MAIZE PEST DIABROTICA VIRGIFERA VIRGIFERA LE CONTĖ AND THE CLIMATIC FACTORS, TROUGH MODERN STATISTICAL ANALYSIS ANOVA (BRAVAIS – PEARSON) IN THE WESTERN PART OF ROMANIA pag. 473-480

Gheorghe Popescu, Floarea Adam, Ioana Grozea, Irina Oriol

The aggression of the new maize pest Diabrotica virgifera virgifera Le Conté was studied during the period 2006/2007, in Sagu, at S.C. Agrogil (Arad), from rhizotrophic (larvae), phylotrophic and stigmatrophic (adults) viewpoints, under conditions of connection to a trophic base represented by 8 „Pioneer” maize hybrids and under the climatic factors’ influence. The values of pest’s aggression - as dependent, resulting factor or as dependent variable and of the climatic factors – as independent, influencing factors or as independent variables are presented in table 1. The data was statistically processed, with the help of the software SPSS, ANOVA variance analysis, analysis of regression and of correlation. There is a moderate relationship (correlation) between the factors of influence (independent), namely the climatic ones and the resulting factor (dependent), actually the aggression (F%) of the new maize pest (Diabrotica); data regarding „relative humidity”, „wind” and „temperature” were homogeneous, and „rainfall”, „dew”, „nebulosity” and the dependent factor (F%) proved to be inhomogeneous. The method of exclusion, step by step, of the independent variables from the models designed proves that there is a very strong correlation between the climatic (influencing) factors and the rhizo-phylo-strigmatrophic aggression of the new pest Diabrotica, when the model includes all independent variables (temperature, RH, rainfall, wind, dew and nebulosity); this phenomenon is confirmed by the Pearson values (R=0.972), the „determination” values (R-Square=0.946), the values ensuring the results (Sig. F=0.052, namely over 5%) and by the concept Durbin-Watson. ANOVA variance analysis and the analyses of regression correlation lead us to the conclusion that the new maize pest (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) is strongly influenced by humidity; rainfall and humidity have a negative influence (-0.9; -0.5), while „dew” is positive (0.9); „nebulosity”, like „dew”, is positive (0.90). The conclusions regarding „dew” and „nebulosity”, and the conclusion that „wind” is important only when is connected to the other independent variables, are original and represent a national premiere. The testing of the influencing factors excluded from data analysis (from models) signifies (only when the factor Sig.F., the one that ensures the results, is not below 5%) that the dependent factor F% may increase (positive influence, for example the temperature excluded would have increased F% with 0.664 units and nebulosity with 1.415 units) or decrease (negative influence, it would have decreased F% with 0.2-0.5 units). „Wind speed” (very important for dissemination of pathogens) did not assume the quality of accessible variable; it had reduced values, homogeneous or mild, despite the high values of maize pathogens’ aggression (Helminthosporium turcicum – 84.3%, Fusarium roseum – 46.7%). In this situation, our general conclusion, of national premiere, is that the new pest, beside other independent variables (positive), assumed the role of „dissemination” and „amplification” of their pathogenesis (it has a trophic attitude against leaf blight).

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Diabrotica; aggression; rhizotrophic; phylotrophic and stigmatrophic aggression; statistic SPSS; ANOVA

Presentation: oral

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INTERACTION BETWEEN THE MAIZE PATHOSYSTEM COMPONENTS AND THE CLIMATIC FACTORS, THROUGH ANOVA–TYPE ANALYSIS AND CORRELATIONS BRAVAIS – PEARSON pag. 481-488

Gheorghe Popescu, Floarea Adam, Irina Oriol

In the period 2006/2007, in Arad region, in the experience on 8 „Pioneer” maize hybrids, we studied the interaction between climatic factors, as independent variables, and the pathogens Helminthosporium turcicum, Fusarium roseum and Ustilago maydis, as pathosystem components whose aggression (F%) was used as dependent variable. In the statistical calculation of the variables mentioned, we used one of the best and most used statistical softwares, namely SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences). Regarding homogeneity, the high-degree factors were represented by „temperature”, „relative humidity” and „wind speed”, and the low-coefficient factors were „dew”, „nebulosity” and the dependent factor, namely the aggression of pathogens within the maize pathosystems -F%=33.84%; „moderation” characterizes independent variables’ influence on the dependent one. Regarding the intensity the dependent variable (F%) is influenced by the climatic factors (independent variables) with, we observed: we may speak about strong influence when the climatic factors interfere, without „dew”; moderate influence – without „dew” and „nebulosity” and low influence – when only „wind speed” and „relative humidity”, of the 6 independent factors (temperature, RH, rainfall, dew, nebulosity, wind), interact. „Moderation”, too, characterizes the intensity of the correlation between influence factors and the resulting one. By excluding factors, step by step, from the „model”, the F%-favoring factors become evident, namely „temperature”, „rainfall”, „relative humidity”, „nebulosity”, „dew” and „wind”, less favored, although the statistical tests „t”, ”SIG”, ”Tolerance” and “VIF” (Variance Inflator Factor) produce negative values only for „rainfall”, „dew” and partially for „nebulosity”. ANOVA shows that the climatic factor with a major influence upon pathogen aggression is the „wind speed”, but it considers other factors that are not included in the software SPSS, too; the independent factor with negative influence on the dependent factor is the „nebulosity”. The testing of the „influence” factors excluded from data analysis has not led to significant results, because the independent variables excluded from models present a low degree homogeneity (they are characterized by „moderation” at the amplitude inferior level), a fact proved by the values of the tests ”t”, ”Sig”, „Tolerance” and „VIF”. ANOVA specifies that „wind speed”, a factor disseminating and amplifying pathogens’ activity, is the variable with the biggest influence on the factor F (pathogens); although this factor has had low values (homogenous), the aggression of the pathogens Helminthosporium and Fusarium has had high values (84.3%; 46.7%) – the explanation or the original conclusion, in national premiere, is that the new maize pest Diabrotica virgifera virgifera Le Conté expressed its role of „dissemination” and „amplification” of the pathogen agents mentioned. The attack produced by Ustilago was reduced and constant (13.62 – 14.0%), given this pest’s trophic attitude. The conclusions regarding the independent variables, dew, nebulosity and wind speed, are original (confirming or denying the conclusions available in the literature), and also the software SPSS initiated in the case of the other independent variables, and on the resulting factor, as well.

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Helminthosporium; Ustilago; Fusarium; Pathogen; pathosystem; aggression; temperature; rainfall; wind; relative humidity; dew; nebulosity; statistics

Presentation: oral

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EFFECT OF FORECROP ON WEED INFESTATION OF HELIANTHUS ANNUUS IN THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC pag. 489-492

Jozef Smatana, Milan Macák, Tomáš Vereš

In the years 1997 – 2006 weed infestation of Helianthus annuus was evaluated at 12 farms in the maize and sugar beat growing region, after forecrops: Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgare, Zea mays for corn and for silage, Beta vulgaris convar. vulgaris and Nicotiana tabacum. Aim was to observe development of weed infestation and effect of forecrop on weed infestation of Helianthus annuus. The main weed species were: Cirsium arvense, Persicaria spp., Echinochloa crus-galli, Elytrigia repens, Chenopodium spp.. Weed infestation of sunflower was not significantly influenced by forecrops but forecrops influenced weed species diversity.

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weed infestation; sunflower; forecrop

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WEED CONTROL OF SUGAR BEET IN INTEGRATED FARMING SYSTEM pag. 493-496

Jozef Smatana, Milan Macák, Eva Demjanová, Ivica Djalović

A three year field study (2004-2006) was conducted in south-western Slovakia to investigate the effect of herbicides control on weed density, diversity and herbicide efficiency in sugar beet fields. An actual weed infestation was evaluated before herbicides application and 3-4 week after application of herbicides with concordance to International scales of EWRS. Screening of each field was made on the quadrant of 1 m 2 area with four replications. Weed diversity varied from 19 to 23 species each year of evaluation. On the base of three years field assessment we can conclude: The evaluated herbicides control is very effective strategy for weed control in sugar beet. After herbicides control the significant changes in weed flora were noted in term of abundance and share of some weed species on total weed community. After herbicide control Polygonum spp., Chenopodium spp. and Echinochloa crus-galli remained the dominant weed species in canopy of sugar beet. In late summer and autumn Amaranthus retroflexus, Cirsium arvense and Atriplex spp. also rise as a problem weeds.

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sugar beet; weed density; diversity; herbicides control

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCH REGARDING THE EPIGEOUS COLEOPTERANS FAUNA FROM THE APPLE TREE PLANTATIONS pag. 497-502

Mihai Tălmaciu, Nela Tălmaciu, Alecu Diaconu

The study of Coleopterans (the beetles) seems a scientific and practice necessity, taking in consideration their frequency on Terra meridians, the big number of species contained (across 250. 000), the biggest from class Insecta, which group more than one million species, and the numerous species that damage the world agriculture. Collected of the material was made with the Barber soil traps, from an apple tree plantation, ecologically sustained, from the orchard region of Falticeni, Suceava district. The observations were made in 2007; the biological material have been gathered from June to October. Collected of the biological material have been done from 8 to 17 days period of time, totally being effectuated a number of 11 collecteds. The most frequent collected species were: Opatrum sabulosum L., Otiorrhynchus raucus F., Carabus violaceus L., Pseudophonus rufipes, Ophonus puncticollis Payk., Harpalus aeneus F. şi Amara apricaria Payk.

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coleopterans; apple orchards

Presentation: oral

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NEW CONTRIBUTIONS TO THE KNOWLEDGE OF CARABIDAE SPECIES (COLEOTERANS – CARABIDAE) FROM THE APPLE TREE PLANTATIONS pag. 503-508

Mihai Tălmaciu, Nela Tălmaciu, Alecu Diaconu

This paper presents the analysis of study results regarding the structure and population dynamics of the carabidae species from apple plantation belonging to S.C.D.P. Falticeni in year 2006 and 2007. The species with largest number of sample collected in 2006 were: Harpalus aeneus, Carabus violaceus, Abax ater, Pseudophonus rufipes, Pterostichus niger, Cicindela germanica and Amara aenea. The species with largest number of sample collected in 2007 were: Pseudophonus rufipes, Harpalus aeneus, Cicindela germanica, Carabus violaceus, Pterostichus vulgaris, Ophonus puncticollis and Amara apricaria.

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carabidae; apple orchards

Presentation: oral

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DYNAMICS AND FREQUENTS ATTACKS THE OF LEAF MINING MOTHS FROM APPLE PLANTATION BELONGING IN HUSI, VASLUI pag. 509-514

Nela Tălmaciu, Mihai Tălmaciu, Irimia Artene

The leafminer moths are pests in most apple orchards. Studies conducted between 2004 and 2005 of apple orchards to type Delicios auriu in from 3 locations: Husi, Stalinesti and Munteni. In the paper there are presented the comparative result concerning dynamics and frequency of attack, the leafminer moths Leucoptera scitella Zell. and Lyonetia clerckella L. in the plantations which in applied the conventional treatments of control.

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leafminer moths; apple orchards

Presentation: oral

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POLLINATING INSECT ASSEMBLAGES OF SEED ONION FIELDS AT THE TRADITIONAL ONION GROWING AREA OF MAKÓ pag. 515-520

Lajos Tanács, P. Benedek, T. Monostori, K. Bodnár

Regular surveys were made on the pollinating insect assemblages on seed onion fields of the Onion Research Unit of the Cereal Research Institute, Szeged near two settlements, Makó and Kiszombor in three consecutive years. During this period we collected 2263 wild bees, 24 specimens of non-Apoid Hymenopteraand 152 specimens of Brachycerous Diptera and analysed them considering different aspects. While processing the material 56 Apoid species, 11 other non-apoid Aculeate Hymenoptera and 21 Brachycerous Diptera species were registered. Pollination was done mainly by wild bees and also by honey bees. During these three years the Andrena flavipes Pz. (35.97%) was dominant species, while the Bombus terrestris (L.) (16,66%) and the Loasioglossum malachurum (K.) (13.74%) were subdominant species. Additional species were the Halictus simplex (Blüthg), Andrena carbonaria (L.), Andrena thoracica (F.), Lasioglossum calceatum (Scop), Bombus lapidarius (L.), Halictus quadricinctus (F.), Halictus maculatus Sm., Andrena tibialis (K.), Halictus veneticus Ebmer. Among Brachycerous Diptera Eristalis tenx L., Eristalis arbustourm L,. Stratiomys longicornis Scop and some Lucilia species were the most frequent visitors on onion inflorescence. During the experiment we observed that it was the Apoid Hymentoptera species that effectively carried out the pollination on the flowering onion fields. Our data present convincing proof of our previous findings that onion inflorescence does not have a range of specialised, determinate insect species visitors, although the long years of onion production traditions in the region of Makó would have been enough for some species to settle and spread. We observed that the most important in the pollination of the onion flower is the wild bee species with a wide plant spectrum and there are also some additional bumblebee and other insects species with a wide plant spectrum, depending on the place. Pollinating wild bee densities were 321.33 bee/ha in 2005, 858.60 bee/ha in 2006, 1837.34 bee/ha in 2007, on average of the three years 1005,76 bee/ha. Pollinating wild bee densities were decisively influenced by the temperature and the diversity of the bees was influenced by the existence of ruderal and direct close-to-natural areas around the flowering onion fields. All these factors resulted in the great density of seed setting wild bees on set soil in 2007. There is a positive correlation between the seed yield of the years and the density of the pollinating agents. In 2007 there was an outstanding seed set of 3243.06 kg/ha in the Makói Bronz type. The seed set quantity is mostly type-dependent, but the year and other ecological factors (like the soil and climate parameters as well as resistance characteristics) can also have an influence on it.

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onion; wild bees; honeybees; flower visiting; diptera; flower visiting; pollen analysis

Presentation: oral

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COMPUTER ASSISTED IMAGE ANALYSIS OF THE LESION’S EXTENSION IN THE FOLIAGE OF THE WINTER WHEAT PRODUCED BY FUNGAL PATHOGENS AND INSECT PESTS pag. 521-526

Alin Teuşdea, Nicolae Csep

Wheat fungal pathogens (Erisiphe graminis, Septoria tritici) as well as several insect pests induce foliar necroses; as a consequence, the reduction of the active assimilative foliar area is causing the diminution of the yield quantity and quality. This reduction is directly correlated with the affected area of the leaves. The exact estimation of the lesions extension is important for the characterization of the genetic resistance of wheat races and the efficiency of the foliar fungicides treatments. The computer program is based on the utilization of color filters for the determination of the ratio between total foliar area and the area of the necroses. The utilization of the computer assisted image analysis enhances the precision of these estimations and excludes the subjectivism of the specialist’s visual assessment.

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computer assisted image analysis; wheat; foliar necrosis

Presentation: oral

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ACTUAL WEED INFESTATION OF MAIZE IN THE INTEGRATED AGRICULTURAL SYSTEM IN THE YEARS 1997-2006 pag. 527-533

Štefan Týr

The aims of this study were to investigate the influence of an integrated farming system on development of actual weed infestation in the canopies of maize. The actual weed infestation was evaluated from 1997 till 2006 in the Slovak Republic, by standard methods common used by EWRS a numerous method per square meter. The results of the weed survey on arable land conducted in 1997-2006 were applied to assess the distribution and occurrence of weed species with respect to their importance and harmfulness in maize fields situated in general production region (south Slovakia). In integrated system as a weed regulation techniques were used chemical treatments and cultural methods. According to the achieved results it is evident, that the farming system showed higher influence on development of actual weed infestation and weed species diversity. In integrated agricultural dominant weed species were (according to the level of infestation): Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Amaranthus retroflexus, Chenopodium spp., Datura stramonium, Persicaria spp., Convolvulus arvensis, Cirsium arvense, etc.

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weed; actual weed infestation; integrated farming system

Presentation: oral

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WEED INFESTATION OF WINTER WHEAT WITH MONOCOTYLEDONS WEEDS IN THE INTEGRATED AGRICULTURAL SYSTEMS IN THE YEARS 1997-2006 pag. 533-538

Štefan Týr

The aims of this study were to investigate the influence of an integrated farming system on development of monocotyledons weed infestation in the winter wheat fields in all production regions of Slovakia. The actual weed infestation was evaluated from 1997 till 2006 in the Slovak Republic, by standard methods common used by EWRS a numerous method per square. The results of the weed survey on arable land conducted in 1997-2006 were applied to asses the distribution and occurrence of weed species with respect to their importance and harmfulness. The most important weeds species were: Elytrigia repens, Apera spica venti, Avena fatua, Echinochloa crus galli, Setaria spp. Alopecurus myosuroides, et cet.

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monocotyledon weed; winter wheat; integrated agricultural system

Presentation: oral

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THE EVOLUTION OF THE THRIPS POPULATIONS (FRANKLINIELLA OCCIDENTALIS) OF THE TOMATOES IN THE GREENHOUSES FROM AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY AGRO-DOR., FROM DOROBANŢI LOCALITY, ARAD DISTRICT pag. 539-544

Cristina Zepa, Ioan Pălăgeşiu, Liana Mihaela Fericean

In the tomatoes crop from the protected spaces it must pay attention that besides the insurance of the weather conditions and humidity,also to observ the behaviour of that plant at the pests and diseases. One of the most important pests which produces also the bigest damages to the tomatoes crops from the greenhouses is the californian thrips (Frankliniella occidentalis). In the West side of the country there are a few investigations concerning this insect and that because the paper emphasizes some experimental data about the bioecology and evolution of the pests in the tomatoes crop from the protected spaces. The peculiarities knowledge of the thrips populations contributes to establish the best moment in applying the treatments against this pest in the tomatoes crop from the protected spaces.

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the californian thrips; protected spaces; populations evolution

Presentation: oral

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GREEN ACCOUNTING – A STEP TOWARDS IMPROVING THE ENVIORNMENT pag. 547-550

Lucian Cernuşca

A raise in temperature with only 1 degree Celsius could lead to disasters all over the world. Unless everyone takes measure, our planet, as we know it, might soon change irreversibly. Green accounting can help improve the environment by pointing out how to use the natural resources in a sustainable way.

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green accounting; environment; resources

Presentation: oral

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THE INFLUENCE OF THE FOREST VEGETATION FROM THE MINING FIELDS IN MOLDOVA NOUĂ ON THE MICROCLIMATE CHANGES pag. 551-556

Ion Chisalita, Cornelia Hernea, Alina Călinescu

In this paper we studied the microclimate changes due to forest vegetation on the coal residue areas at Moldova Nouashore.

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mining fields; microclimate changes; microclimate areas; fertilizing resources; environmental protection

Presentation: oral

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STUDIES OVER THE GROWING FOREST VEGETATION ON THE MINING FIELDS IN MOLDOVA NOUĂ pag. 557-562

Ion Chisalita, Dagmar Vişoiu, Alina Constantinescu

In this paper we studied the installation of vegetation on the mining fields from Moldova Noua.

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powder industrial residues; mining slag; fertilizing resources; environmental protection

Presentation: oral

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ARRANGEMENT OF THE MURANI PRIVATE PROPERTY pag. 563-566

Alina Constantinescu, Dagmar Vişoiu, P. Dragomir, C. Ştefan

In this article is presented a planning proposal of an arrangement for a property in Murani that could be included in the future in the green space system of Timişoara’s neighbourhoods.

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principle of projection; style of projection; landscape; harmony; rhythm; centre of composition

Presentation: oral

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RESULTS CONCERNING THE SUSTAINEMENT OF VEGETAL PRODUCTION AND REDUCTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT BY FOLIAR FERTILIZATION pag. 567-572

Ludovic Cseke-Kreppel, Iacob Borza

The goal of the performed researches is represented by the study of physical and economical efficiency of a few fertilizing materials with stimulating effect in order to use them in the sustainable agriculture as well as their impact upon environment in the context of its protection and conservation. The foliar fertilizers used for research contain basic nutritive elements in harmonious proportion, adapted to plant consumption during different phenology phases.

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foliar fertilization; nutritive elements; sustainable agriculture; production spore; environmental protection and conservation

Presentation: oral

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FACTORS INFLUENCING ECO-RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN ROMANIA pag. 573-576

Lucreţiu Dancea, Iuliana Merce

Agro-tourism in Romania can develop in all rural areas, with particularly favorable conditions in the mountain area, where it can be a professional and economic dimension of mountain households, capable of ensuring labour occupancy and supplementary incomes. This is the only way rural space has real chances to become a viable alternative of human progress and harmonious and sustainable development.

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eco-tourism, sustainable development, environmental protection, rural development

Presentation: oral

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THE CONCEPTS OF TOURISM, RURAL DEVELOPMENT AND ECOTOURISM IN THE U.E. pag. 577-580

Lucreţiu Dancea, Iuliana Merce

The interest aroused by rural space has increased steadily these last years in the E.U., engendering specific policies.Article 130 of the Basic Treaty of the E.C. stipulates ''the necessity of diminishing disparities between the level of development in different regions and back-draw of less favoured areas, including rural ones".

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environmental protection; rural development; eco-tourism; sustainable development

Presentation: oral

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AN ELABORATION OF A DEVELOPMENTAL MODEL OF ECOLOGICAL AGRICULTURE pag. 581-584

Aurelia Vasilica Florescu

In this paper I will attempt to research “An elaboration of a developmental model of ecological agriculture in Calarasi County” on the territory that found out the farm S.C. AUGER PETRUŞ S.R.L., where are practising ecological agriculture.Also, this work intend to instruct agricultural producers and a better information with help of the advertising in publication of speciality and the participation to the specialty market, deliver of folders, booklets, etc., so that utilize more and more agricultural methods that are favourable for environment, in the process of integration in European Union.

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ecological agriculture; soil conservation; protection of the ecosystems; biodiversity; food safety and security; production

Presentation: oral

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RESULTS REGARDING SETTING OF VEGETATION ON THE STERILE DUMP AREAS FROM THE ANINA AND DOMAN MINES, CARAS-SEVERIN COUNTY pag. 585-588

Ioan Gaica, Iacob Borza

This work shows up the results of an examination regarding the growth of herbal and ligneous vegetation on the sterile dump areas from the Anina and Doman coal mines, Caras-Severin County. Ecological reconstruction of depreciated soils as a result of mining activities by storing the sterile debris on the nearby fields.

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ecological reconstruction; natural succession; sterile dumps; herbal and ligneous vegetation

Presentation: oral

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THE LEAD PHYTOEXTRACTION AND THE EDTA-INDUCED HYPERACCUMULATION. CYCLE I pag. 589-594

Eugenia Gamenţ, Georgiana Plopeanu, Nicoleta Vrînceanu, Vera Carabulea

Phytoremediation is a new technology used for remediation the agricultural and industrially soils contaminated/polluted with heavy metals. One of the phytoremediation techniques, the so-called phytoextraction, is a method to extract heavy metals from contaminated/polluted soils using hyperaccumulators plants and to translocate them to shoots. This case study presents the effects of ethilene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) application as a potential amendment for an artificial contaminated soil with Pb to enhance the translocation capacity in the harvestable plant parts of maize. The treatments consisted in the application of some Pb concentrations (1000 mgPb·kg -1 , 2000 mgPb·kg -1 , 3000 mgPb·kg -1 ) in combination with different levels of EDTA (expressed as molar ratio between EDTA and Pb). The aim of EDTA added was to mobilise and increase metal accumulation in maize, Pb being one of the largest immobile heavy metals in soil. Obtained data revealed the significant differences concerning the biomass and the height of the plants and the Pb contents in the leaves according to the treatment applied. In the first experimental cycle were established the EDTA:Pb optimal rations soil needed to increase the lead bioaccessibility for each of the three loading degree with (1000 mgPb·kg -1 , 2000 mgPb·kg -1 , 3000 mgPb·kg -1 ).

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phytoextraction; soil pollution; Pb; EDTA

Presentation: oral

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AN ANTHROPIC CONCEPT OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING pag. 595-598

Horia Gârbea, Sorin Cîmpleanu

The paper enumerates in a synthetic way the needs that a construction must accomplish by report of the environment. The originality of the paper is the environment means, everywere in the world, a landscape modified by the human intervention. There is no (more) natural environment around us, in the meaning of the virgin land, but only an anthropic environment of the humanity.

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environment; engineering; building ground; buildingş construction; inhabit

Presentation: oral

THE ESTABLISHMENTOF THE FOREST VEGETATION ON THE PERIMETER OF THE AMELIORATION HALDA VECHE - VALEA MARE pag. 599-602

Cornelia Hernea, Ion Chisalita, P.I. Dragomir, Daniela Sabina Poşta

Waste heap are the results of mining industries. Restoration project has the aim to consolidate the waste heap and the rehabilitation of environmental site. The perimeter of the amelioration found in the hill region with Quercus species. According with this region where the perimeter of the amelioration found there have been identified three different site units .For each site units there has been proposed afforestation solution. The solution considered species that are optimal for the area. The seedlings have been planted according to the specific of the land. The results obtained after first year of forest afforestation put in evidence that the technical solution adopted can contribute to create an optimal biocenose.

more abstract
ecological affestoration waste heap afforestation

Presentation: oral

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THE COMPARATIVE STUDY OF AFFORESTATION IN THE PERIMETERS OF THE AMELIORATION CALINA AND BOCŞA, CARAŞ SEVERIN COUNTY pag. 603-606

Cornelia Hernea, Dagmar Vişoiu, Ion Chisalita, P.I. Dragomir

The degraded lands, witch cannot be used for agriculture crop can be used for forest vegetation establishment. According to characteristic of the soil, the relief and climatic condition the species were chosen and the way to plant the seedlings were establish.

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ecological restoration; afforestation

Presentation: oral

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THE INFLUENCE OF ANTHROPIC ACTIVITIES IN THE AREA OF THE SANNICOLAU MARE TOWN pag. 607-610

Adina Horablaga, Marinel Horablaga

In this paper are presented data regarding economic activities which are developed on Sannicolau Mare area, on areas of activity, importance and the situation of existing green spaces at locality level and the situation of protected natural areas from around Sannicolau Mare.

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economic activity; protected natural area; green spaces; CAEN codes

Presentation: oral

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THE INFLUENCE OF RUTTIER TRAFFIC ON RESIDENTIAL AREAS IN TIMISOARA MUNICIPALITY pag. 611-614

Adina Horablaga, Marinel Horablaga

This paper presents e few aspects regarding: the effects on population produced by noise; the measurements of noise level realized in some residential areas of Timisoara Municipality. It was observed that for the most part due to the intense traffic, even in residential areas, the values obtained are bigger then those that are foreseen in specialty standards.

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noise; level noise; dB; ruttier traffic; people; residential area

Presentation: oral

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THE SOURCES OF POLLUTION IN THE IARA BASIN pag. 615-620

E. Luca, Silvica Oncia, Cecilia Roman, M. Roman, Laura Luca, Ancuţa Puşcaş

The Iara basin represents a major point of attraction for the tourists. For having chances of development, the area has to adapt itself to the environmental conditions. The analysis regarding the existence of pollution sources in the hydrographical Iara Basin, accomplished in the year 2007, had proved a slight tendency of polluting the area. The polluting factors are natural or artificial.The water quality analysis put into practice at the Institute of Research for Analytical Instrumentation (ICIA) Cluj-Napoca, had proved normal results which were legally admitted in the minimal normative limits. It can be appreciated that from the water quality viewpoint, are created premises for organizing and development of touring activities in the area, which presume optimum conditions and repeatedly quality analysis.

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Water quality; water control and protection

Presentation: oral

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PRESENT STAGE AND PROSPECTS REGARDING THE EXPLOITATIONOF THE SOILS WITH EXCESS MOISTURE IN ROMANIA pag. 621-626

F. Mărăcieanu, S. Cãzãnescu, Elena Constantin, A. Semcu

Romanian climate conditions and the ratio between the rain falls and the water consumption (≈1) lead to the necessity of an effective management of the undergroud water using irrigation and draining works. These respects were on the basis of the land reclamation programs application, in a modern concept based on the principle of integrated set-up and solving the hydro-reclamation problems of the developed complexes,using different type of works on the same land. The design and resesarch in this field, in the new political and economic situation in Romania, should be organized on new structural basis, having in view: the exploitation of the soils with excess moisture in the frame of sustainable development,the sustainable use of the antropic eco-systems in the areas with excess moisture and the setting up/development of the protected areas.

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excess moisture; underground water management; drainages

Presentation: oral

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THE ANTROPIC DEGRADATIONS OF NATURAL ENVIRONEMENT AND THEIR REMEDY pag. 627-630

F. Mărăcieanu, S. Cazanescu, Elena Constantin, Cătălina Bozianu

The economic and social activities complexity of modern society exert more and more higher pressures on natural environment by natural resources intense exploration as well as fast growth of the waste volumes. Due to this situation, increased degradations are produced, with unfavourable effects on social development. The conception of sustainable development imposes the reduction and reparation of these degradations in order to preserve the nature in our and future generations benefit.

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wastes; anthropic degradations; sustainable development

Presentation: oral

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BIOREMEDIATION OF POLLUTED SOILS WITH PETROLEUM HYDROCARBONS pag. 631-636

Mariana Marinescu, M. Dumitru, Ana Lăcătuşu

Bioremediation is the use of micro-organisms that occur naturally in the environment and degrade contaminants into carbon dioxide and water. Biological processes have been used successfully to remediate soils contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and their derivative. Several petroleum hydrocarbons can act as a source of carbon and energy for the growth of soil micro-organisms. Contamination of soil by petroleum hydrocarbons is an important environmental problem. Hydrocarbons are a frequent cause of environmental pollution. Although hydrocarbons in general are biodegradable, the main limiting factor to their effective and complete degradation is their bioavailability to soil micro-organisms. The elimination of petroleum hydrocarbons from the environment is an absolute requirement to promote a sustainable development of our society with low environmental impact. In this paper are presented the preliminary results concerning the bioremediation of contaminated soils using a natural hydrocarbon absorbent product to enhance the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons.

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bioremediation; polluted soils; petroleum hydrocarbons

Presentation: oral

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RESEARCHES CONCERNING THE HEAVY METAL TRANSLOCATION FROM THE SEWAGE SLUDGE IN SOIL AND PLANT pag. 637-642

M. Mihalache, M. Dumitru, L. Ilie

Sewage sludge came from town water purification stations may constitute a source of nutritive elements for soils, but at the same time, by the content of heavy metals it may determine extremely big accumulations of these elements insoil and plant.The work presents the influence of sewage sludge upon heavy metals content in soil and their translocation in different plants organs for the dosis of 30t/ha, dosis which causes significant statistical changes.

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sewage sludge; heavy metal; soil; plants

Presentation: oral

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CLIMATE CHANGES IN THE PAST MILLENIUM pag. 643-648

Olimpia Mintaş

The study analyzes the „global modifications” as a result of the interconnected action of phenomena signaled on Earth, such as: global warming, climate modifications; reduction of the ozone layer; deforestation; reduction of resources; reduction of biodiversity; desertification; environmental pollution; demographic changes, as well as other relevant modifications, caused by other factors that render difficult finding solutions. All these being approached from the perspective of their effect on humans

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ecologic crisis; global modifications; reduction of the Ozone layer; reduction of biodiversity; environment pollution

Presentation: oral

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A REVIEW ON ENVIRONMENTAL INDICATORS AND MANAGEMENT pag. 649-652

Delia Nasui, Radu Cureteanu

Ecological indicators can facilitate an adaptive management approach, but only if acceptable levels for those indicators have been defined so that the data collected can be interpreted. Because acceptable levels are an expression of the desired state of the ecosystem, the process of establishing acceptable levels should incorporate not just ecological understanding but also societal values.

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ecologic; indicator; environment

Presentation: oral

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ENVIRONMENT AND DECISION MAKING pag. 653-656

Delia Nasui, Radu Cureteanu

Inordinate disparity between human goals and human accomplishments constitutes a state of conflict. Most conflicts involve the interpersonal pursuit of inimical goals, but another important class of conflicts involves the relationship between human goals and the supporting physical environment. We tried to harmonize these conflicts in the following paper.

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decision making; environment; human behavior

Presentation: oral

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THE SOIL AND WATER QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM REGARDING THE NITRATE CONTENT FROM AGRICULTURAL SOURCES pag. 657-662

Ioana Pănoiu, Luminiţa Grigore, S. Udrescu, Catalin Simota

This paper aims to present the actual situation of soil and water quality monitoring system and also the guidelines for its development according to European Union demands concerning water protection against nitrate pollution from agricultural sources.

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nitrates; monitoring; water quality; soil quality

Presentation: oral

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RESULTS OF THE STUDIES ON THE CAUSES FAVOURING THE DESERTIFICATION RISK IN THE BANAT PLAIN pag. 663-668

Veronica Popa, Iacob Borza

The paper presents the natural causes which can induce the desertification risk in the Banat Plain conditions are considered as main causes at the global level. The studied natural causes are climatic conditions, risk phenomena, topography, vegetation cover and soil conditions.

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desertification natural causes; climatic conditions; risk phenomena; topography; vegetation cover; soil conditions

Presentation: oral

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DEGRADATION OF GROUNDS BY SUFFUSION WITHIN THE EASTERN SECTOR OF THE SOUTHERN BARAGAN pag. 669-674

Marius Popescu

This project presents some aspects of the fields’ degradation by suffusion within the Eastern part of Southern Baragan. The observations were performed in three points, in North, in Ciulnita Plain, in North-East and East of Hagieni Plain. Due to the precipitations’ water infiltrations on the abrupt front sides of the grounds and terraces there are some loess wells, which enable the torrential leakages and condition the formation of some tight and by stages with an aspect of badlands. The appearance of these geomorphologic processes determines practical problems by the degradation of sloping grounds.

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loess; suffusion; degradation; Bărăgan

Presentation: oral

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UTILIZATION OF THE MAGNESIUM MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY WASTE IN THE FERTILITY IMPROVEMENT OF ACID SOILS pag. 675-678

Hortensia Rădulescu, Lidia Taubert, Eva Stefanovits - Bányai

The paper presents a possible modality of improving the fertility of an acid soil by treating it with alkaline compounds, containing essential and trace elements, resulted in the industrial process of manufacturing magnesium carbonate and oxide from dolomites. The experiment pursueds the effects of soil treatment with 2 waste types applied in different doses. The obtained results show a buffer effect on the acid soil reaction and an increase of the essential and trace elements content of the treated soil. The pH buffering process and the enrichment of essential and trace elements in soil by alkaline waste supplies establishes in soil the enhancement of global soil fertility.

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alkaline waste supplies; pH buffering; essential and trace elements content

Presentation: oral

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THE IMPACT OF LAND REFORMS IN LAND USE CHANGES AND ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION IN ALBANIA pag. 679-688

Shkelqim Fortuzi, Odeta Tota, Fatbardh Sallaku, Bahri Musbelliu

Albania faces many of the same environmental issues with which other countries in Eastern Europe are being confronted. Both air and water pollution is serious issues as a result of the lack of facilities and controls. Most of the environmental damage that occurred in rural areas during the socialist period has not been repaired. Large-scale cultivation destroyed field roads, water courses, vegetation belts and other landscape features suitable for individual farming. Environmental degradation has sometimes increased during the transition period, for example through deforestation of valuable species, inappropriate tillage of soils and a failure to maintain a balance of nutrients in the topsoil. The evidence, therefore, indicates that land privatization may not have been beneficial to the protection of environmental amenities of a common-pool or public good nature. As a way of conclusion, rural areas in Albania have experienced radical changes in land policy, land tenure, and land use.

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land tenure; land cover; soil erosion; pasture; land reform; land ownership

Presentation: oral

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THE INFLUENCE OF AGROMETEOROLOGICAL CONDITIONS ON SOME AGROECOSYSTEMS COMPONENTS FROM THE VINGA PLAIN IN NOTILL CULTIVATION SYSTEM pag. 689-694

D. Ţărău, Iacob Borza, Mădălina Iordache, Narcis Băghina, Daniel Dicu

The research was carried out on the trial field and it is confirmed by laboratory analyses. The trials were set on a cambic chernozem medium clayish-loamy land of the Prodagro Vest Agri-Centre.

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system; plant culture; influence; component; agro ecosystem

Presentation: oral

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AGROMETEOROLOGY – A PROSPECT SCIENCE IN THE EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE pag. 695-700

Maria Zăpârţan, Olimpia Mintaş, Ana Mozai, Eliza Agud

The climate, together with all factors contained, influences the life of plants, imposing the development of a distinctive study of these relations assumed by agrometeorology. Outside considerations of a theoretical general manner, we took into account the fact that the temperate climate conditions from Romania, the plants, have adapted their life cycle to the season rhythm, responding to the influences of external factors, in relation to their reaction norm, as a result of the interaction between the genetic information and the factors of the external environment. The agrometeorology, as a science, analyzes the permanent interaction between the weather factors and the vegetable organisms, their positive or negative influence on the physiological processes and on their life phases. The agrobiometeorology has three study directions: the physiological one, the phenological one, and the species’ pathology, analyzing the weather conditions and their implications in the morpho-physiological conditions, following the evolution of relations between weather – climate – plant – production .

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agrometrology; environmental factors; lasting agriculture; relation weather – climate – plant – harvest; climate – ground – plant – technology; biological watch; thermic periodicity

Presentation: oral

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