Vol 47, No 2 (2015)
RESEARCH ON THE INFLUENCE AGRO ON INDICATORS QUALITY PHYSIOLOGICAL RADISH (RAPHANUS SATIVUS) ON A CHERNOZEM VERTIC pag. 3-6
Carmen BEINȘAN, Casiana MIHUȚThe research was performed on a vertic chernozem from Giarmata, Timis County. Microclimate peculiarities of the territory are determined by its geographical position, so that it is characterized by a temperate continental climate with mild winters and short, often being under the influence of cyclones and air masses crossing the Mediterranean and Adriatic general features of climate marked by diversity and irregularity of atmospheric processes. Radishes prefer soils with medium texture, loose, with a high content of humus and nutrients in forms easily assimilated with a pH of 6.2 to 7.4 and with good water holding capacity. Clay soils, compact, not suitable for the roots deforms and light soil, sand, sponges favors root tissues due to poor water regime. In terms of crop fertilization radishes, organic fertilizer is given prior culture (HORGOS A., 2002). The main quality indicators were studied concern: plant height in cm; leaf area in cm2; The total amount of chlorophyll, SPAD units; radishes firmness in LVR; soluble carbohydrate content in BRIX; the acidity of the juice obtained from radish (pH) and the amount of dry substance in%. Setting duration phenophases was made using the coding system identification BBCH stages of plant development. The measurements were carried out in three stages of growth: 4.1 - 4.3 (10 to 30% by weight of made green), 7.1-7.3 (10 - 30% of the size of the radish made) and 8.9 (full ripening and the end of the growing season).
more abstractsoil, agrofond, physiological indices, phenophases, fertilization
Presentation: poster
DownloadRESEARCH ON THE CULTIVATION DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF RADISH IN THE GIARMATA VERTIC CHERNOZEM, TIMIS COUNTY pag. 7-12
Carmen BEINȘAN, Casiana MIHUȚThe research subject of this paper were carried out in the village Giarmata, Timis County. Giarmata City, is a distance of 11 km from Timisoara and 1.3 km from the International Airport ,, Traian Vuia "Timisoara, located in the central-northern part of Timis County (45 ° 83 'north latitude and 21 ° 32 'east) and occupies a total area of 7150 ha, of which 6292 ha of agricultural land and 43.5 ha of forest. The soil under study is a vertic chernozem. According geotechnical studies in the area, soil stratifications are: topsoil from 0.2 to 0.8 m, 2.1 m local; lands comprising clay loam, silty clay, clay powders, pastes Varta-hard, wet and very wet. An important feature is the contraction of the earth clay specific high plains, depending on the humidity. From the common geomorphological fall in Plain Banato-Crisan, part of the Western Plain of Romania, eastern extremity of the Tisza Plain. Located in the west of the country, the investigated area is characterized by a moderate temperate continental climate with mild winters and short, often being under the influence of cyclones and air masses from the Mediterranean and Adriatic Sea. Growing radishes aims raw consumption throughout the year to the roots, protected crops from the field (month radishes, summer and winter) and shelter (radishes month). Month radishes contain 5-8% dry matter and the summer and winter mainly represented 8-11% carbohydrates. Spicy taste of radish is due to allyl sulfide and essential oils which give them food and taste great importance. The biological material studied was represented by three varieties of radishes, Watermelon, French Breakfast radishes and beer, Birra di Monaco. Fertilization was done differently, depending on the vegetation period of cultivated varieties of radishes. Mineral fertilization was made split, with small norms and the organic phase was applied just prior culture. The aim was to obtain quality radishes, farms at certain times of the year. Firmness is the best indicator of maturity radishes.
more abstractsoil, fertilizers, varietz, cernoziom vertic, radishes
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE INFLUENCE OF TILLAGE, CROP ROTATION AND RESIDUE MANAGEMENT ON TAN SPOT (DRECHSLERA TRITICI REPENTIS. DIED. SHOEMAKER) IN WINTER WHEAT pag. 13-21
Otilia COTUNA 1, Mirela PARASCHIVU 2, Aurelian Marius PARASCHIVU 3 , Veronica SĂRĂȚEANUAbstract. Tan spot caused by the necrothrophic pathogen Drechslera tritici repentis (Died.) Shoemaker becomes an important disease of winter wheat worldwide under a changing global climate and new resource conserving technologies. Beside the positive impact of minimum tillage and no-tillage systems on the soil physical and chemical properties as well as soil erosion reduction, soil moisture conservation, productivity of labor and machinery, energy conservation, environmental benefits (reduced Greenhouse gas emissions) and increased crop yields, practicing minimum tillage and no-tillage systems with residues have a major impact on the risk of Drechslera tritici repentis in wheat comparatively with conventional tillage system without residues, due to the pathogen`s ability to survive in the previous year`s crop residues especially if those crops are bread wheat, durum wheat or triticale. Under both minimum and no-tillage systems with residues the onset of tan spot epidemic occurs earlier than under conventional tillage and higher levels of disease severity are recorded during grain filling stage. Thus, an adequate management of crop residues is required because they are an important source of inoculum for Tan spot and it is also important to introduce additional control measures beside chemical ones, biological control and host resistance as a part of an integrated disease management. Considerable reduction in disease severity has been observed on those plots where it is practiced crop rotation in all tillage systems. Thus, lower percent of area with leaf tan spots have been assessed in wheat after non cereal crops than in continuous monoculture demonstrating the benefits of alternative crops preceding wheat for both minimum and no-tillage systems with residues. Even crop rotation and an efficient residue management are effective tools for reducing tan spot in winter wheat, farmers should not rely on few management practices to minimize tan spot risk, but rather to develop a sustainable long-term strategy for disease management to protect their crops and conserve natural resources.
more abstractKey words: Drechslera tritici repentis, management, residue, tillage, wheat, tan spot
Presentation: oral
DownloadEVALUATION OF BLUMERIA GRAMINIS (D.C.) SPEER PATHOGEN IN SEVERAL WINTER WHEAT VARIETIES pag. 22-26
Otilia COTUNA 1, Mirela PARASCHIVU 2, Carmen Claudia1DURĂU, Lavinia MICU 1 , Snejana DAMIANOV 1Abstract. Etiologic agent responsible for the powdery mildew disease in winter wheat is the fungus Blumeria graminis (D.C.) Speer. Powdery mildew is one of the main wheat diseases, present in all cultivation areas and it produces quantitative and qualitative yield losses by the shrinking of the grains. This fungus is present in every year in the wheat crops in Banat Plain, and is manifesting with different attack intensities depending by the climatic conditions. The evaluation of the fungus attack was realised on six wheat varieties: Apache, Azimut, Kalango, Karolinum, Soissons and Renan. The experimental field was placed within the perimeter of the Didactic Farm of Banat`s University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael I of Romania,, from Timisoara. Intensity of the fungus attack was monitored as dynamics during two experimental years (2012 and 2013) during March – Aprilie period. There were realised observations in dynamics at every 10 in 10 days and from 12 to in 12 days. The attack of Blumeria graminis was evaluated by the calculation of AUDPC (area under the disease progress curve). The average value of AUDPC calculated for the two experimental years was comprised between 671.34 in Apache variety and 114.08 in Renan variety. The results obtained during the two experimental years shows the uniformity of the pathogen virulence, due to the climatic conditions very similar, both from point of view of the average temperatures registered and the rainfalls. Thus, the amplitude of the attack of Blumeria graminis fungus was comprised between 25.33 % (variety Renan) and 60.76% in 2012 is framing in the interval 20.78% (Renan) and 60.88% (Apache). According with the obtained results we can affirm that the most sensitive variety from the experimental plots was Apache ant the most resistant to powdery mildew was Renan. The other varieties from the research were tolerated well the pathogen, and the registered intensity was comprised between 40% and 50% in both experimental years.
more abstractKey words: AUDPC, Blumeria graminis, powdery mildew, wheat, virulence, variety.
Presentation: oral
DownloadEFFECT OF LOW FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION ON HUMIDITY AND WEIGHT CHARACTERISTIC OF CORN AND SUNFLOWER SEEDS pag. 27-33
D. Dicu1*, P. Pîrşan1, B. Marinković2, F. Imbrea1, V. Mircov1Abstract Radiations cause diverse morphological and physiological responses in plants, but the underlying mechanisms governing these integrated responses are unknown. It is known that electromagnetic radiation act on the water structure in cells, with beneficial effects on both germination and plants in vegetation. The importance of the study comes from the fact that at present, in many countries of the world, there are researches being carried on that present the beneficial effect of these radiations on numerous field crops, and in the field of plant microbiology and physiology. In this paper we present the effect of 7 frequencies with wave lengths between 0-100 Hz on humidity and weight characteristics of corn and sunflower seeds comparative to the control. The duration of treatment was 10 minutes and sowing seeds treated realizing immediately after treatment, knowing that such treated seeds must be sown in maximum 7-10 days after making it. Measurements concerned the humidity and weight characteristics of corn and sunflower seeds were carried out in the laboratory of „Agricultural produce quality Analysis” of the Department of Agricultural Technologies, Faculty of Agriculture of the Banat University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine “King Michael the I-st of Romania” from Timişoara, In the experiment, we used as genetic material the corn hybrids P9175, P9528, PR36V52, PR37N01, P9241, and sunflower hybrids P64LE19, P64LE25, P64LE20, ES Aramis, NK Adagio and in the treatment of the seeds we used the generator of electromagnetic radiations of the Faculty of Agriculture of Novi Sad. The improvement of the evaluated functional variables suggests that the seeds may perform better with an electromagnetic field treatment.
more abstractKeywords: corn, sunflower, radiation, frequency, treatment
Presentation: oral
DownloadSTATUS OF C. (MORPHOCARABUS) INCOMPSUS KRAATZ 1880 IN ROMANIA pag. 34-44
S. DREANO 1, J. BARLOY2, F. PRUNAR3, Frédérique BARLOY-HUBLER 4Abstract: The study of literature and the review of the national collections of the Hungarian Natural History Museum Budapest, the collection of K. Petri from Brukenthal National Museum Sibiu, the collections of the National Museum of Natural History “Grigore Antipa” from Bucharest show that C. (Morphocarabus) incompsus Kr. 1880, is mainly endemic in Romania in Eastern Carpathians (an enclave exists in Ukraine, in Chornogora Mountains). The identification was based on little discriminating morphological criteria having a confusion risk with some taxons of C. Morphocarabus hampei Küst. 1846. C. (Morphocarabus) incompsus Kr. 1880 is a species morphologically difficult to distinguish from certain taxa of hampei, having intervals of the same width and little interrupted by superficial foveolae. This difficulty lies in the origin of the still recent ranking (2007) of some taxa of incompsus as forms of hampei, and of the attachment of this species to the rothi group. Up to recently, several sources of C (Morphocarabus) incompsus Kr. 1880 were considered as hampei taxons. Currently the use of the shape of the aedeagus end, and the aspect of the endophallus allow us to identify males individuals but not the female specimens, often more frequent than males. The 28S rRNA5 nuclear marker ensuring the separation. The study with this marker of several species of G. Morphocarabus identifies incompsus and suggests taxonomic changes. The attachment of C. (Morphocarabus) kollari Pall. at Sg. rothi, and not at Sg scheidleri, C. (Morphocarabus) incompsus Kr. 1880 which has been until then ranked in the Sg. rothi is located in the Sg. scheidleri. The analyse also shows that some populations until then assigned to incompsus belong to hampei, changing the initial distribution map. The marker 28S rRNA5 indicates that certain origins, morphologically the incompsus kind, belong to hampei (Bichigiu, Varghis, Corongis medium altitude), unlike the others (Hășmaș for the form of mehelyanus Csiki 1906), Bogata-Poiana Brașov for the type. This encourages further investigation in order to determine the exact location of species.
more abstractKey words: C. (Morphocarabus) incompsus Kr. 1880, 28S rRNA5 nuclear marker, phylogenetics
Presentation: oral
DownloadTHE HISTORY AND DEVELOPMENT OF ETHOLOGY pag. 45-51
Mihaela Liana FERICEAN, Olga RADA, Mihaela BADILITAThis paper presents a synthesis by relating the history of the occurrence, development and consecration of Ethology, as independent branch of biological sciences. Throughout history aspects of animal behavior were studied by many naturalists and zoologist. Many thinkers of antiquity, have studied animal behaviour long before the word ‘ethology’ was introduced. For instance Aristotle, Plato, Chrysippos, Plutarch, have left written evidence about their concerns and their contemporaries attempts theorizing concerning animal behavioral motivation. Ethology has its scientific roots in the work of Charles Darwin and of American, German and French naturalist, including Charles O. Whitman, Oskar Heinroth, Wallace Craig, H.S. Jennings, Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de Buffon, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, Georges Cuvier, René Antoine, Ferchault de Réaumur, Piere Gassendi, René Descartes, Charles-Georges Le Roy, Georges-Frédéric Cuvier, Pierre Flourens. Although many naturalists have studied aspects of animal behaviour through the centuries, the modern discipline of ethology is usually considered to have begun as a discrete discipline with the work of Dutch biologist Nikolaas Tinbergen and by Austrian biologists Konrad Lorenz and Karl von Frisch, joint awardees of the 1973 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. In Romania, research regarding animal behavior have started in the second half of the twentieth century. The works published by M. Beniuc (1970; 1971), Elena Chenzbraun (1973; 1978), and M. Cociu (1980; 1982) and, mainly, works: Salantiu et al, 1998, Palica, Coman (1998), Mihai Cociu (1999), Acatincai (2009) contributed to development and popularization of ethology in our country. Ethology is a combination of laboratory and field science, Ethologists are typically interested in a behavioural process rather than in a particular animal group, and often study one type of behaviour, such as aggression, in a number of unrelated animals. Understanding ethology or animal behaviour can be important in animal training. Considering the natural behaviours of different species or breeds enables the trainer to select the individuals best suited to perform the required task. It also enables the trainer to encourage the performance of naturally occurring behaviours and also the discontinuance of undesirable behaviours.
more abstracthistory, development, Ethology
Presentation: poster
DownloadRESEARCH REGARDING EXTERNAL ANATOMY OF PHORODON HUMULI pag. 52-55
Mihaela Liana FERICEANThis paper presents data referring the morphological characteristics and biometrical measurements of Phorodon humuli, species captured from potato cultivations for a period of three years, from Didactic Station Timisoara and Varfurile, Arad county. The aphids have been collected with the yellow vesse l traps on a three days. The adult wingless form of Phorodon humuli have a pear shape body and can be range from yellow to light green in color with darker green longitudinal stripes on the upper surface of the abdomen. The head characteristically has a pair of elongate projections on the inside of the antennal tubercles. The siphunculi are thicker at their bases and slightly curved outwards at their tips. The cauda is blunt, light color and short.The winged aphid are pale yellowish green with a dark head and thorax. The smallest length of the body established for aphids captured in West Zone of Romania was 1,45 mm, while the biggest was 2,30 mm. The average body length was 1,95 ± 0,24 mm . Regarding the length of the head and thorax, it may be noticed that the maximum length of these parts was 1,10 mm and minimum length was 0,65 mm . The minimum width of head was 0.30 mm and the maximum width of head was 0.35 mm . The average value calculated for head width was 0,86 ± 0.12 mm. As far as the thorax width is concerned, this was minimum 0.50 mm and maximum 0,85 mm . Mean thorax width was 0,70 ± 0,08 mm. The mean length of the abdomen was 1,10 ± 0,13 mm, while the average value calculated for abdomen width was 0,84 ± 0,12 mm. In the existent literature from our contry, there is little information referring to biometric measurement and for these reasons, knowing the following aspect is of paramount importance
more abstractPhorodon humuli, biometrical measurements
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE INFLUENCE OF BIO-EFFECTORS ON OIL SEED RAPE, pag. 56-61
C.G. FORA, S. STANCIU, Mihaela MOATĂR, C. BANU, Carolina ŞTEFANAbstract: The trial was conducted during 2014 in didactic/experimental field Voiteg (Romania), to evaluate the effect of bio-effector products on crop production in oil seed rape, winter wheat, sun-flower and maize. Bio-effector Amagerol was jointly applied with different foliar fertilizers and pesticides. The experimental design consisted as randomized block design in four replications. Used combinations demonstrate high efficacy, especially in oil seed rape with 30% in average, in winter wheat with 26% in average, and just 9% in average to sun-flower or 4% in average to maize, compared with untreated plants.
more abstractKey words: bio-effectors, efficacy, crop production
Presentation: oral
DownloadEVALUATION RESULTS OF THE QUANTITATIVE-QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF LEMON BALM AND PEPPERMINT GROWN IN THE COLD AGRO-CLIMATIC MACROREGION pag. 62-71
M.HABÁN1, D.LUŠČÁKOVÁ2, M.HABÁNOVÁ3, J.GAŽO4, R.KOBIDOVÁ 2Abstract. The aim of this experiment was to measure the impact of weather conditions on the yield of lemon balm and peppermint drug and content of rosmarinic and caffeic acid. Lemon balm and peppermint are medicinal plants from Lamiaceae family. To assess the quantitative-qualitative indicators were sampled plant material from production stands lemon balm and peppermint. Samples were collected from two cultivation plots at the site Plavnica for five years from 2004 to 2008. The production areas were located in the village Plavnica, the land units that operated company Agrokarpaty, s.r.o Plavnica. The average yield of dry drug to all variants was 1 131,55 kg ha-1. Rosemary acid content in the dry tops balm was 28 613,8 mg.kg-1 (2007) to 36 532.4 mg.kg-1 (2006)The average yield of peppermint dry drug at all variant 1 621,9 kg.ha-1. Rosemary acid content in the dry peppermint was recorded from 3 725.98 mg.kg-1 (2006 plot Pani Hura) to 5 223.0 mg.kg-1 (2008 plot Dziloh). Based on the results we can conclude that with increasing harvest increased the content of rosmarinic acid and caffeic acid too
more abstractKey words: lemon balm, peppermint, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid
Presentation: oral
DownloadMONITORING HYDRO-CLIMATIC HAZARD IN THE AREA OF ORAVITA: ASSESSING DROUGHT HAZARD pag. 72-79
Anişoara IENCIU1, Silvica ONCIA1, Laura ŞMULEAC1, D. MANEA 1,Carmen PEPTAN2, Andreea ŞTEFAN1Abstract. One of the most important hydro-climatic hazards is that of hydric deficits, i.e. drought or flood. Droughts can occur in any region on the Globe but the strongest effects are in arid, semi-arid and sub-humid areas where ecosystems are characterised by high fragility. Drought can also occur in areas where annual or periodical precipitations are “normal” or close to multi-annual means, but the water comes from rare precipitations (mm/min) with high intensities that do not allow accumulation of water in the soil. This type of drought is increasingly frequent in southern and eastern Romania and it tends to extend to central and western Romania. World Meteorological Organisation proposed to define drought as an atmospheric sequence characterised by amounts of precipitations 60% lower than those considered normal. The goal of this paper is to study drought hazard in the conditions of Oravita, Romania, during 2-11-2013. The three years were analysed through the prism of several indicators of drought characterisation in literature and compared to multi-annual mean values. We analysed the following hydro-climatic hazard monitoring parameters in the area of Oravita: the sum of monthly and annual precipitations, the monthly and annual mean of evapotranspiration, the monthly and annual hydric deficits and their graphic representation, monthly and annual mean temperatures and their evolution; we also calculated and analysed climate indicators of characterisation (Thornthwaite, Lang, characterisation depending on deficit of precipitations, etc.). From the point of view of the rainfall regime, an important indicator in defining drought and excess of humidity, the sum of monthly precipitations during summer or spring and their annual amount help draw a conclusion regarding the existence of hydro-climatic hazards during the studied period. Depending on the deficit of precipitations, compared to monthly, seasonal and annual multi-annual means, June, August and September are excessively droughty or droughty in all analysed years. The year 2013 was a very droughty year if we take into account the vegetation period; overall, 2013 was a little droughty year. Results show that there were droughty periods in the three years in Oravita, particularly during the hot season (April-September); 2013 proved the droughtiest year and it is labelled as semi-arid depending on all analysed indicators.
more abstractKeywords: average monthly temperatures, sum of monthly precipitations, potential evapotranspiration, aridity coefficient, climate coefficient
Presentation: poster
DownloadECOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF THE SPONTANEOUS SPECIES OF FLORA WITHIN NATIONAL PARK CHEILE NEREI-BEUŞNIŢA pag. 80-84
Loredana Linţa, Oxana Manolache, Madalina IordacheThe study aimed the ecological characterization of the spontaneous species of flora within the National Park Cheile Nerei - Beuşniţa, in order to identify the life-form categories and the requirements of the plant species for several ecological factors: humidity, temperature, soil reaction. The working methodology consisted of: biological analyses (in order to establish the life-form categories); ecological analyses in two phases: categorization of all species on phyto-geographic elements and establishment of the requirements of the plant species for humidity, temperature, and soil reaction.
more abstractNational Park Cheile Nerei - Beuşniţa, life-form categories, phyto-geographic elements, humidity, temperature, soil reaction
Presentation: poster
DownloadCHARACTERIZATION OF SEVERAL PROTECTED GRASSLAND HABITATS WITHIN NATIONAL PARK SEMENIC-CHEILE CARASULUI THROUGH ECOLOGICAL ANALYSES OF FLORA pag. 85-88
Oxana Manolache, Loredana Linţa, Madalina IordacheThe study aimed the ecological characterization of the spontaneous species of flora within the National Park Semenic - Cheile Carasului, in order to identify the life-form categories and the requirements of the plant species for several ecological factors: humidity, temperature, soil reaction. The working methodology consisted of: biological analyses (in order to establish the life-form categories); ecological analyses in two phases: categorization of all species on phyto-geographic elements and establishment of the requirements of the plant species for humidity, temperature, and soil reaction.
more abstractNational Park Semenic - Cheile Carasului, life-form categories, phyto-geographic elements, humidity, temperature, soil reaction
Presentation: poster
DownloadRISK ASPECTS IN THE WARM SEASON 2014 -CLIMATOLOGICAL AND SYNOPTIC CHARACTERISATION DURING SUMMER 2014 IN WESTERN REGION OF ROMANIA pag. 89-95
V.D1MIRCOV., Florina MOȚIU A2, Carmen MOISA 2, Codruta CHISAbstract. Climatological characterisation for summer 2014 in Western region of Romania, namely the interval june-august 2014, is a result of an arduous analysis regarding two different climate parameters: air temperature but also, rainfall amount. Using as a reference, multiannual normal values (1961-2013) we made representations with standard deviations of average temperature and rainfull amount for each summer month, taking into account raw data registered at four representative weather stations: Oradea, Arad, Timișoara and Reșița. We also used synoptic charts with surface presssure and geopotential height at 500 hPa.. As a result of this systematic analysis, summer 2014 was an ordinary summer regardind thermal regime, but one thing arouses our attention, rainfall excess, causing troubles in the socio-economic, mainly floods in most part of Banat. Floods, as a risk phenomena for agriculture and also for civile society, will be revealed by ilustrating an example of a dangerous weather phenomena happened the last summer, which created tragically effects, not only financially, but also in human field. Of course, this is one of more others, happened in summer 2014, but very important to focus on it, because it succedeed a period of rainfall excess. In contrast, the summer has not been proven to be according to the expectations in the mass-media, with tropical nights and hot days. Throughout the summer there have been three such cases of hot weather and heat discomfort, which on average haven’t had a longer duration of 2...3 days. Another risk phenomenon to agriculture specific in warm season of the year is the hail. When the diameter of hailstones is high the damage may be significant. The applicability of the study conducted in co-operative activities as well as its actuality lies in the fact that is a useful support with a reference to a topical subject. We intend to continue the study with a new analysis of summer 2015 and highlighting the similarities and differences between these two successive periods in Western region of Romania.
more abstractKey-words: thermal regime, rainfall excess, hail, dangerous weather phenomena
Presentation: oral
DownloadTHE RISKS ASSOCIATED TO THE HOARFROST PHENOMENON pag. 96-107
V.D.MIRCOV 1. , Mioara ȘIȘU 2, Carmen MOISA 2, Antoanela COZMA 1Abstract. Hoarfrost is a hydrometeor which is produced only in the presence of frost and it represents a major risk factor to agriculture especially when it appears early in autumn or late in spring. It is formed by direct condensation of water vapor to ice at temperatures below freezing and occurs when air is brought to its frost point. Hoarfrost produces significant damage in agriculture when overlap with the growing periods of the plants (after 20 March) or when vegetative rest is not installed yet (until 15 October). This paper shows an analysis of the parameters which define the hoarfrost phenomenon in order to highlight the vulnerability of the analyzed area regarding this phenomenon. In a first phase, in order to identify the periods of high vulnerability, we analyzed the frequency of the days with minimum temperature ≤ 0 o C. But the occurrence of temperatures below 0° C is not enough to guarantee the formation of hoarfrost. Additionally, the air must be initially damp enough so that when cooled it reaches saturation, and any additional cooling will cause condensation to occur. We also analyzed the medium annual number of days with hoarfrost and their multiannual variation, the monthly and season variation of the days with hoarfrost, and the medium and extreme dates of hoarfrost production. The analysis of the parameters which define the hoarfrost phenomenon was realized on the basis of the information recorded at the meteorological stations present in the Western Plain. Finally we analyzed some cases in which there was hoarfrost and we described synoptic conditions that favored this phenomenon. The optimal conditions for the occurrence of hoarfrost are anticyclone systems with clear sky and slight wind, high relative humidity and negative air temperatures. When intense weather cooling is predicted, farmers can take various measures against the risks associated with this cooling, respective to early hoarfrost phenomenon in autumn or late hoarfrost in spring.
more abstractKey words: frost, hoarfrost, frequency of hoarfrost days, vulnerability, risk
Presentation: oral
DownloadTHE INFLUENCE OF SOIL TYPES IN THE AFFORESTATION FIELD OF U.P. III STEIERDORF FROM ANINA FOREST DEPARTMENT pag. 108-115
Mihaela MOATĂR*, C.G. FORA*, S. STANCIU*The purpose of this paper is to research how to install forest vegetation on dumps Anina area. As more distant goal, the aim is restored to the production of forest vegetation on degraded land installing the perimeters Anina. In this case, the land under study are the rocky land, slopes, boulders, salty crust, bogs, fens, borrow pits and tailings deposits, bare of vegetation, or occupied by a low vegetation. The main object of this study is the installation of forest vegetation on degraded land in UP III Steierdorf, the area affected by the excavation and storage of materials resulting from blasting, excavation, burning bituminous rocks and alluvial land covered with water transported around these deposits.
more abstractforest law, reforestation, non-wood forest products, sustainable forest management
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE CURRENT STAGE OF RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF AQUATIC AND PALUDICOLOUS HABITATS IN BANAT pag. 116-129
Alina NEACȘU, G.-G. ARSENE, F. FAUR, Alma NICOLIN, Ilinca IMBREAThe paper is a synthesis of the researches on aquatic and swamp vegetation in Banat, containing a list of the main plant associations described in Romanian Banat with their Natura 2000 habitats correspondence. Previous botanical researches on wetlands concerned the diatoms, the bryophytes, inventories of flora and vegetation, observations on the evolution of flora, vegetation dynamics analysis etc. (NEACŞU, 2008). The areas studied are the swamp, the interfluve, rivers, wet meadows, lakes (wet zones). Data processed refers to a long period of time, the first information to which we refer belong to KITAIBEL (1802, in COSTE et al., 1995). Beside thematic papers (flora and vegetation of wet zones), we took in consideration botanical monographs (e.g. COSTE, 1975), as well as ours previous studies concerning the cormophyte diversity in the main reservoirs in Timiș county (29 plant associations - NEACŞU & ARSENE, 2011); some of these rare in Banat (e.g. Leersietum oryzoides Krause 1955 em. Pass. 1957, Najadetum minoris Ubrizsy 1948 1961, Ceratophylletum demersii (Soó 1927) Hild 1956 (NEACŞU et al., 2010)). In terms of conservation, we consider important to note the species Lindernia procumbens (Krocker) Philcox, found at Surduc (NEACŞU, 2008) and Cirsium brachycephallum Juratzka, found at Călacea (TURCEAN et al., 2014), from Annexes II and IV of the Habitats Directive. Another aspect that mention here is the intrusion of invasive species (e.g. Amorpha fructicosa L., Reynoutria japonica Houtte.) in wetlands area, with negative effects on their biodiversity. Sites of Community Importance (SCI) of Natura 2000 in Banat, including 19 wetland habitat, some of these contain only the classes of aquatic and swamp vegetation. We found a poor level of knowledge of wet zones vegetation outside protected areas, as well within some sites of community importance.
more abstractBanat, vegetation, weetlands, conservation, Natura 2000
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE EFFECT OF BOILING ON THE PH, ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND LACTOSE CONTENT OF COW MILK pag. 130-133
Mihaela OSTAN, I. GOGOAŞĂ, Olga-Alina RADA, B. BAUL, Mihaela FERICEAN, Mihaela CAZACU, Mihaela PETCU, Iuliana CREŢESCUThe most important milk components are proteins, lactose, fat and minerals. Electrical conductivity is a biophysical parameter that can be used for assessing the quality of milk. The aim of the present paper is to study the effect of boiling on the pH, electrical conductivity and lactose content, as well as to evaluate the correlations among these parameters. For this reason, 5 samples of fresh milk were taken from healthy cows, and then subjected toheat treatment by boiling. The pH was determined by a digital pH meter OP-211/2, connected with a combined electrode of the type OP-0808P; electrical conductivity was measured with an OK 112conductometer, and lactose was determined with a MilkoScan S54B. The results were processed statistically with ANOVA and are presented as averages ± SD (standard deviation). The results reveal a decrease of the pH from 6.58±0.0841 to 6.54±0.0735, as an effect of boiling, and an increase of the lactose content from 5.07±0.1551 to 5.30±0.2927. It is also worth noting that negative correlation was found between the lactose content and electrical conductivity (r = -0. 6400) in fresh milk and (r= -0.4215) in boiled milk.
more abstractcow milk, boiling, pH, lactose
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE EFFECT OF BOILING ON THE VISCOSITY AND PROTEIN CONTENT OF COW MILK pag. 134-137
Mihaela OSTAN, I. GOGOAŞĂ, Olga-Alina RADA, B. BAUL, Mihaela FERICEAN, Mihaela CAZACU, Mihaela PETCU, Iuliana CREŢESCUDue to their chemical composition and their high assimilation degree, milk and dairy products play an important part in rational human nutrition, being one of the most readily accessible sources of animal protein. More than 200 compounds have been found in milk, some in large quantities (water, fats, carbohydrates, and proteins), others in very small quantities, but all of them are intercorrelated and play a very important role in the technology of dairy products. The aim of the present paper is to highlight the effect of boiling on the correlation between viscosity and protein content, analysing fresh milk and boiled milk, respectively. Ten samples were analysed (5 samples of fresh milk and 5 samples of boiled milk), all taken from healthy cows. The chemical composition of milk was determined with a MilkoScan S54B, while the viscosity was determined with the help of Ostwald viscometer. The results were processed statistically with the ANOVA software programme and the differences to p<0.05were considered statistically significant. Viscosity is a biophysical parameter that can be used for assessing the protein content in milk. The results revealed positive correlation between these two parameters, both in fresh milk (r=0.5148), and in boiled milk (r=0.5021). The results also highlighted decreased dynamic viscosity in boiled milk.
more abstractcow milk, boiling, viscosity, protein content
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE USE OF LIDAR REMOTE-SENSING DATA pag. 138-149
C. POPESCU*, A. ŞMULEAC*, M. HERBEI*Abstract: This paper deals with LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging), a laser-scanning technology with a definite characteristic: it can acquire, process and deliver data in digital format. LIDAR is an optical remote-sensing method of extracting information about remote objects by measuring the properties of light scattered on the objects. LIDAR provides unlimited potential in infrastructure projects and is applied in an increasing range of fields. LIDAR uses the same principle as RADAR, the difference between the two methods lying in the electromagnetic radiation wavelength. LIDAR is based on three systems: laser scanning for precise distance measuring, the positioning system (GPS) and the Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) for orientation measuring. To obtain data on field topology, the LIDAR system receives laser impulses in the 1040–1060 nm wavelength range (near infrared band).The advantage of this technology is that the laser beam penetrates the vegetation, no matter how dense it may be. The present paper uses 3D satellite images and their applications. It also speaks about the main aspects of altimetry data quality assessment of the Digital Terrain Model (DTM) obtained through laser scanning. The altimetry data were collected in the Vârful Căpăţînii area, in the south, and Zănoaga, up to the limit of Gorj and Hunedoara Counties in the north. The route covers about 4 km and the ground level is between 1474 m at Zănoaga and 1565 m above the Black Sea level at Vârful Căpăţînii. LIDAR technology helps creating numerous data sets that are useful for a wide range of applications. The quantitative and qualitative data obtained with LIDAR technology provide additional information about the condition of the vegetation, the quality of the environment (pollution), drainage basins (flood impact estimation), special constructions (pipes, bridges, high voltages transmission lines), studies about forest fire risk, infrastructure management (road, railway and telephone networks) and land inventory. The LIDAR-type satellite images were used with Global Mapper versions 15.2 and 16.1. For the 15.2 version we used the data set "ASTER GDEM (Global Digital Elevation Model) Worldwide Elevation Data (1.5 arc-second resolution). For the 16.1 version we used the data set "ASTER GDEM (Global Digital Elevation Model) version 2 – Worldwide Elevation Data (1 arc-second resolution), which was released on October 17th 2011. The first version was released in June 2009 and was generated with stereo pair images collected with ASTER instruments. The ASTER GDEM cover is from latitude 83º north to 83º south and includes 99% of the Earth surface.
more abstractKey words: LIDAR, 3DModel, GPS, ASTER GDEM2, DTM, Global Mapper, IMU
Presentation: oral
DownloadBIORHYTHMIC VARIATIONS OF WHITE FORMED ELEMENTS IN BROILER CHICKENS pag. 150-155
Olga-Alina RADAIt is well-known that variations in the environment have given a certain biorhythm to all functions of animal bodies. In this context, it is important to find the correlation between biorhythmic variations and the most favourable moments in a nychthemeron for applying treatments and performing prevention activities through vaccination. The experiment studies nychthemeral variations of white formed elements, especially the variation of lymphocyte count in broiler chickens. The chickens were observed weekly, since they were one day old until they were 21 days old, before and after being vaccinated against Newcastle disease. The experiment involved 10 broiler chickens, since they were one day old until they were 21 days old. When the chickens were one day, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days old, blood samples were taken for the preparation of smears (at 7 o’clock, 1 pm, 7 pm and 1 am) which were stained through the Diff Quick method. The smears were examined by reading 200 leucocytes/smear. The chickens were vaccinated when they were one day old and then again when they were 14 days old, with La Sota live attenuated vaccine. Blood samples were taken from 6 chickens at 21 days, for the determination of vaccine antibodies. The experimental data were processed statistically with the help of the non-parametric Mann Whitney U Test. When the broiler chickens were one day old, the highest value of lymphocyte count during a nychthemeron was recorded at 7 o’clock in the morning (40.45±3.36%). Statistically, this value was insignificantly bigger than the values obtained at 1 pm, 7 pm and 1 am. When the chickens were 7 days old, statistically significant differences were recorded in the lymphocyte count, with bigger values in the morning than at night (p<0.05). In the same way, the values were bigger at noon than in the evening (p<0.05) and at night (p<0.001), respectively. When the chickens were 14 and 21 days old, no statistically significant differences were found among the values recorded during a nychthemeron. The average proportion of lymphocytes in one day-old chickens during one nychthemeron is significantly lower (p<0.0001) than the average values of 7, 14 and 21 days, after the vaccination against Newcastle disease. The statistically significant increase of the lymphocyte count in broiler chickens until 14 days old is the effect of the vaccination they received when they were one day old. The booster vaccination received at 14 days does not statistically change the nychthemeral average proportion of lymphocytes. Similarly, from a statistical point of view it changes nothing in the average lymphocyte count in the different sampling hours when the chickens were 14 and 21 days old.
more abstractbiorhythm, nychthemeron, broiler chicken, leucocytes, lymphocytes
Presentation: oral
DownloadTHE EFFECT OF SUPPLEMENTING CHICKEN FEED WITH THE BIOMIN IMBO SYNBIOTIC pag. 156-161
Olga-Alina RADA, Mihaela OSTAN, Mihaela Liana FERICEAN, Iuliana CREŢESCUABSTRACT The effect of growth promoters used in animal feed on their growing performances is very variable, being more visible the more deficient the growing conditions are. Associating prebiotics with probiotics has generated a new growth promoter class – synbiotics – a category which the Biomin IMBO products belong to. It was tested in the broiler chicken feed regarding the growing performance, the intestinal flora and biochemical blood parameter. The experiment was carried out in two broiler chicken experimental lots, Rosso 503 hybrids, with 10 chicken per lot, between the ages of one day and 28 days. The combined chicken feed from the experimental lot was supplemented with 0.15 % Biomin IMBO. The growth parameters (body mass, daily average growth rate, daily average usage and specific usage) were monitored. A faeces microbiological exam was carried out in order to determine the type of intestinal flora and a biochemical exam, to determine the serum cholesterol and the high density lipoproteins (HDL). The usage of the Biomin IMBO synbiotic at a 0.15 % rate determined, at the age of 21 days, in the experimental lot, a daily average growing rate increase of 84.23 %, a daily average usage rate increase of 53.35 % and a specific usage decrease (Kg NC/Kg growing rate) with 40.33 %, as compared to the control lot. The microbiological faeces exam at 21 days of life showed a 75.34 % NTG decrease and the coliform germ number and E. coli 77.27 % decrease while the control lot registered a 13.55 % NTG decrease, a 21.43 % coliform germ decrease, and a 40.91 % E. coli decrease thus proving the beneficial effect of the product on intestinal flora structure, facilitating the development of beneficial intestinal flora, a fact reflected in the growth performance. The Biomin IMBO supplement (0.15 %) of the broiler chicken feed until the age of 21 days determined a total cholesterol decrease of 34.15 % and a 25.67 % high density lipoproteins (HDL).
more abstractgrowth promoters, synbiotic, broiler chicken, growth parameters, intestinal flora, cholesterol
Presentation: oral
DownloadEXTENDED LPIS DOMAIN MODEL FOR SERBIA pag. 162-168
Aleksandra RADULOVIĆ, Dubravka SLADIĆ, M. GOVEDARICA, D. JOVANOVIĆAbstract: A land-parcel identification system (LPIS) is a system to identify land use for a given country. The goal of LPIS is to get a clear picture of how the land is used for agricultural production, regardless of the crop that is grown on them. Such a regulated and transparent system is a prerequisite for obtaining EU subsidies for agricultural production. LPIS core conceptual model defines entities in agriculture like agricultural parcels and blocks. ISO 19152 defines a reference Land Administration Domain Model (LADM) covering basic information-related components of land administration including parties (people and organizations), basic administrative units, rights, responsibilities, and restrictions (ownership rights), spatial units (parcels, and the legal space of buildings and utility networks), spatial sources(surveying) and spatial representations (geometry and topology). This paper describes the possibilities of integration of these two models for Serbia. Cadastral data for Serbia are given in country domain profile based on LADM. Extended LPIS domain model for Serbia based on collaboration with LADM is proposed together with case study example. The proposal has been given for the implementation of LPIS based on open-source GIS solutions. Data on the cadastral parcel and agricultural parcel are under the jurisdiction of two different organizations. Both models are based on the same key abstraction - the parcel, which raises the possibility of the occurrence of redundant data. By integrating the two models, the connection of one model with another can be provided. The introduction of the service architecture will enable that the data in both systems are up to date, which would reduce redundancy.
more abstractKey words: LPIS, LADM, domain model
Presentation: oral
DownloadGEOSENSOR NETWORKS - USAGE IN AGRICULTURE pag. 169-178
A. RISTIĆ, M. GOVEDARICA, M. VRTUNSKI, D. PETROVAČKIAbstract: this paper presents various types of applications of geosensor networks in agriculture. Since the sensor technology has developed rapidly in recent years it led to emergence of systems which provide autonomous monitoring of environment – the geosensor networks. These networks have various areas of application, one of them being the agriculture. Usage of geosensor network in agriculture results in more efficient usage of recourses, less production costs, higher yields and higher degree of environment conservation.
more abstractKeywords: sensor network, geosensor network, sensor node
Presentation: poster
DownloadANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ORIGANUM MAJORANA L. ESSENTIAL OIL pag. 179-185
C.F. RUS1*, Georgeta POP1, Ersilia ALEXA1, Renata M. ȘUMĂLAN1, Dana M. COPOLOVICI1Abstract. The importance of this study is to provide information for a future green solution to the toxic fungicides used in our days in crop and grain protection. Verticillium dahliae and Penicillium aurantiogriseum are very common in crop deposits and they are very hard to commbat even with synthetic fungicides. The aim of this research is to establish the minimum concentration of essential oil (EO) extracted from Origanum majorana L. which causes a fungistatic and fungicidal effect on Verticillium dahliae and Penicillium aurantiogriseum fungi. Previous research has shown the minimum inhibitory concentration of the Origanum majorana L. EO over Verticillium dahliae but not on Penicillium aurantiogriseum. Also we can say after reading more research papers that the chemical composition of the EO depends on the site of cultivation, climate conditions and the time of harvest. The tested medical plant,Origanum majorana L., was grown in a temperate climate zone in Timisoara, Romania (21013`E longitude, 45045` N latitude). At the time of harvest Origanum majorana L. was in the 4th year of vegetation. Identification of the species was confirmed by the department of Aromatic plants from USAMVB Timisoara. We obtained the EO from the dry herb using a volatile oil distilling Clevenger equipment. The chemical composition of the EO was determined using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis. The tests made in vitro on CYGA medium, with additional oil at 0.25 mg•L-1; 0.5 mg•L-1; 1 mg•L-1; 5 mg•L-1; 10 mg•L-1 and 15 mg•L-1and 20 mg•L-1 concentrations and inoculated with plugs harvested from a young mycelium, revealed a different reaction of the fungus depending on the oil concentration. The value of minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) has been established after 14 days after verifying the restauration of hyphae and mycelium of fungi. The MIC value for Verticillium dahliae was 5 mg•L-1 Origanum majorana L. EO (essential oil). The MIC value for Penicillium aurantiogriseum was 1 mg•L-1 Origanum majorana L. EO (essential oil). The MFC(minimum fungicidal concentration) value for both Verticillium dahliae and Penicillium aurantiogriseum was 20 mg•L-1 Origanum majorana L. EO.
more abstractKey words. Origanum majorana L., mycelial growth inhibition, minimum fungicidal and fungistatic concentration.
Presentation: oral
DownloadANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF SALVIA OFFICINALIS L. ESSENTIAL OIL pag. 186-193
C.F. RUS1*, Georgeta POP1, Ersilia ALEXA1, Renata M. ȘUMĂLAN1, Dana M. COPOLOVICI1Abstract. The aim of this research study is to establish the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the Salvia officinalis L. EO cultivated in the western part of Romania wich causes a fungistatic effect against Verticillium dahliae and Penicillium aurantiogriseum fungi. Also we will determine the chemical composition of this tested EO.Verticillium dahliae and Penicillium aurantiogriseum are very common in crop deposits and they are responsible for the degradation of the grains after the harvest.This research is carried for green solutions of crop protection, safe for human consumption and friendly for the environment.The antifungal activity of Salvia officinalis EO has been tested worldwide but the chemical composition and the MIC can vary due to the climate conditions, region of cultivation and the time of harvest. Further research has to be made to extract and create the optimal combination of chemical compunds from the EO that inhibits the growth of seed borne fungi. Salvia officinalis L. was grown in a temperate climate zone in Timisoara, Romania. The harvest took place in May 2014 during the blooming period after a sunny period of time. At the time of harvest Salvia officinalis L. was in the 4th year of vegetation. The tests made in vitro on CYGA medium, with additional oil at 0.25 mg•L-1; 0.5 mg•L-1; 1 mg•L-1; 5 mg•L-1; 10 mg•L-1; 15 mg•L-1 concentrations and inoculated with harvested plugs from a young mycelium, pointed out a different reaction of the fungus depending on the oil concetration. The value of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) has been established after 14 days. Restauration of hyphae and mycelium of fungi was verified. The MIC value for Verticillium dahliae was 10 mg•L-1 for Salvia officinalis L. EO. Penicillium aurantiogriseum had a very similar sensitivity to the Salvia officinalis L. EO, therefore the MIC value was 10 mg•L-1 guaranteed for a period of 14 days.
more abstractKey words. Salvia officinalis L., mycelial growth inhibition, fungistatic, minimum inhibitory concentration.
Presentation: oral
DownloadTHE HISTORICAL AND SOCIAL REALITY IN THE NOVEL THE MOROMETES (MOROMETII), BY MARIN PREDA pag. 194-199
Gheorghe SechesanGreater Romania is born in internal and international tension. Although all Romanian provinces were inhabited by a majority of Romanian people ever since the nation was formed, the great foreign powers, and also the neighbouring countries, strongly opposed the constitution of an independent and unitary state of Romania. Despite these tensions and conflicts, the dream of a Greater Romania was going to come true. This was for several reasons: on the one hand, because Romanians had been wanting it for hundreds of years; on the other hand, because it was historically uncommon for regions inhabited by people who speak the same language and share the same traditional culture to belong to different states (Western Europe provides the example of Austria and Germany, but the disintegration of Western states in duchies, principalities and small kingdoms is also a complex issue, that is not, however, of interest for our current discussion).
more abstracthistory, reality, Marin Preda
Presentation: oral
DownloadTHE GETO-DACIAN AGRICULTURE pag. 200-203
Gheorghe SechesanSo much has been said about our ancestors, the Geto-Dacians, that it is very difficult to tell the truth from its disproof, especially under the circumstances in which they did not have a language of their own, and their entire heritage of knowledge, customs, beliefs, rituals etc. was passed on from generation to generation and, unfortunately, most of it has been lost.
more abstractgeto-dacian, agriculture
Presentation: oral
DownloadPROCESSING LIDAR INFORMATION pag. 204-213
A. ŞMULEAC*, C. POPESCU*, Laura ŞMULEAC*, Carmen Aurelia PEPTAN**Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to create a 3D land model based on LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging) satellite images. LIDAR is an active remote-sensing method based on distance scanning and measurement that produces a DTM (Digital Terrain Model). It “sees through trees” and provides an exact model of the land surface in areas that have been inaccessible so far. LIDAR technology operates in a similar manner as RADAR, which uses radio waves, while LIDAR uses light waves generated by a pulse laser (laser-generated electromagnetic energy is spread by air gas molecules and particulate matter). In general, the wavelengths used by a LIDAR system depend on the type of measurement and vary between 355-1064 nm in the UV – VIS – IR range. Due to the laser beam, LIDAR is small enough to penetrate tree branches and reach the land surface, generating data with an accuracy of up to 1.5 m. While overflying the designated area, a laser beam scans the land and the ground objects. After soil contact, the laser beam returns to the plane and produces both point data and infrared images. Following data collection, the data are processed into a point-derived image. Each 3D point can be visualised in any direction, providing a 3D model of an area. In this way, a segment can be viewed vertically or laterally or it can spin in different directions. All data obtained in this way can be processed in several weeks, unlike manual photogrammetry methods that require months to be finalised. Data processing with the help of LIDAR satellite images facilitates creating 3D models, detecting and removing points outside the area of interest, modelling the soil surface and filtering data, generating elevation profiles, creating DSM and DTM in raster format, TIN, level curves or slope patterns, classifying soil surface and buildings, vectorisation of buildings, classifying the vegetation (high, medium and low) and detecting and classifying towers and high voltage cables. To create our 3D model, we performed field measurements with the GPS Leica 1200 equipment. For the areas where the GPS measurements could not be taken, we employed the Leica TC805 Total Station. To generate a 3D model of the terrain based on LIDAR images, we used Global Mapper v 16.1. Our source was the second, improved version of the ASTER GDEM altimetry data set, which was released by NASA and METI. GDEM2 has 260,000 more stereo pair images than GDEM1. Global Mapper is a viewing instrument that can display the most common raster, elevation or vector data sets. For viewing, we used the "ASTER GDEM v2 Worldwide Elevation Data (1 arc-second resolution) data set and SRTM (3 arc-second Resolution) data.
more abstractKey words: LIDAR, 3D Model, GPS, ASTER, SRTM, DTM, Global Mapper, TransDatRO, WGS 1984
Presentation: oral
DownloadHYDROMETRIC AND QUALITATIVE ASPECTS OF THE UPPER BÂRZAVA RIVER, ROMANIA pag. 214-220
Laura ȘMULEAC, Silvica ONCIA, Anișoara IENCIU, R. BERTICI, A. ȘMULEAC, Carmen PEPTAN, P. SFERCOCIWater is the natural source most widespread on the Globe, and in humans, it plays extremely important roles in all economic fields. In these conditions, water should be protected and carefully monitored. However, human activities bring about pollution of the environment that is increasingly frequent, intense, complex and long lasting. This paper presents the flow regime and quality of the upper Bârzava River. To do it, we analysed the water flow and we sampled water from the hydrometric stations in Moniom Reșița and Vermeș Berzovia. Water was sampled in January, May, September and November 2013. The highest values of water flow were in spring, i.e. 40-50% of the annual flows, a period that corresponds to snow thawing and periods rich in rainfall that are the main source of water for the Bârzava River. In summer, there were the lowest water flows because of the lack of water in the rivulets and of high evapotranspiration levels. Results of chemical analyses were interpreted and compared with physico-chemical quality standards (Monitorul Oficial al României) that allow the classification of water in classes between I and V. The main determining quality indicators were pH, dissolved oxygen, conductivity, nitrate content, nitrite content, ammonia content, phosphate content, copper content, zinc content, cadmium content, hardness and turbidity. Following the analyses and result interpretation, we could see a pollution of the water with nutrients in the Moniom Reșița and Vermeș Berzovia sections because of the discharge of home and agricultural wastes from the vegetal and animal farms in the area, of using organic fertilisers and of storing wastes on the riverbanks.
more abstractBârzava River, flow regime, water quality, oxygen regime, nutrients, salinity, toxic pollutants
Presentation: poster
DownloadTHE SOIL MICROBIAL COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO ADDITION OF FRESH SLUDGE ARISING FROM WASTEWATER TREATMENT pag. 221-225
Renata Maria ŞUMĂLAN 1*, N. BĂGHINA1, Alina Elena ANGHELINA 2 , Isidora RADULOV 1, Carmen BEINSAN 1, Alina LATO1Abstract. Numerous studies concerning the use of sludge were done on the nutritional properties of their in order to increasing production, only some studies have been done in our country in terms of ecological impact on soil microbial composition, richness or diversity. The main objective of our research was to assessment the impact of activated sludge on soil microflora and monitoring the presence of pathogenic bacteria with a high risk of contamination for human and animals in case of two cultures of forage crops Dactylis glomerata, and Medicago sativa. For this reason we initiated a field experience in spring of 2012 on Chernozem soil type from SDE Timisoara. The field experience ordered in Latin rectangle model assessed the impact of sludge applied in three doses respectively 15, 20 si 40 tones•ha-1 on. The microbial assays involved estimation of bacteria number, actinomycetes and fungi, and in the second weeks were analyzed the richness of pathogenic bacteria like total number of enterococcus bacteria, coliform bacteria and Escherichia coli. The results show that there are different answers regarding the number of edaphic microorganisms for the treatment administered. So, the larger difference compared with the control was recorded for bacteria number from soil under D. glomerata grass culture for dose of 40 t / ha sludge. In case of fungi the largest number were determined for 15 t ha sludge on soil under D. glomerata grass, and M. sativa culture also. But it was noted that increasing the quantities of sludge applied both to D. glomerata and M. sativa, determine decreases of the number of fungi in soil. After 2 weeks from sludge application did not find any presence of biological contaminants as fecal pollution indicators like Escherichia coli. A higher persistence showed enterococcus bacteria. In conclusion application of wastewater sludge causes temporary changes in the structure and composition of the soil microbial community for a period of time determined by the crop plant and weather. It seems that a drought period installed after applying the sludge has determined a fastest elimination of the pathogenic bacteria.
more abstractKeywords: edaphic bacteria, actinomycetes, Escherichia, enterobacteria
Presentation: oral
DownloadFORAGE VALUE OF THE SPECIES GALEGA ORIENTALIS LAM. UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA pag. 226-231
Alexandru TELEUŢĂ 1, Victor ŢÎŢEI 1, Sergiu COŞMAN 2Introduction: In the context of acute shortage protein substances in forages, which influences negatively the revitalization of the livestock sector, the diversification of forage production by mobilization, acclimatization and implementation of new crops both from local flora and other floristic regions is necessary. Galega orientalis Lam., native to Caucasus, is a promising species studied and used in several countries, including the Republic of Moldova. Aims: The objective of this research was to evaluate biological features, productivity, chemical composition and forage value Galega orientalis, variety Speranța Materials and methods: The new fodder leguminous plant species Galega orientalis, variety Speranța, which were cultivated in the Botanical Garden (Institute) of the ASM, served as object of study. Investigations on growth and development, productivity and the nutritional value of fodder plants according to known methods were performed. Results: The results of the research on biological features and forage value of the harvested fodder are presented in this paper. It has been established that Galega orientalis, in the first year, grows and develops slower than alfalfa, but in the following years, it starts vegetating 5-7 days earlier. The plants have an accelerated growth and development rate that allows mowing them in the first half of May; the yield reaches 35-45 t/ha of natural forage with a high degree of foliage (55-63%). The chemical composition of dry matter: 17.80 % raw protein, 3.55 % raw fat, 30.50% raw cellulose, 39.47% nitrogen-free extractive substances and 8.69% minerals. After harvesting, revival of growth of Galega orientalis is slower than alfalfa, the second harvest can be done at the end of July, the yield constituting 20-25 t/ha natural forage with a higher content of dry matter. The chemical composition of the dry matter from the forage at the second harvest: 15.42 % raw protein, 2.82 % raw fat, 34.52% raw cellulose, 38.71% nitrogen-free extractive substances and 8.53 % minerals. The fresh mass of Galega orientalis can be used as natural forage or for preparation of hay, haylage, silage and vitamin flour. When preparing hay, leaves remain on the stem, which helps ensure higher forage value. Conclusion: Under the conditions of the Republic of Moldova, Galega orientalis, in the 3rd-5th years of vegetation, allows obtaining it 2-3 mowing times, about 70-80 t/ha of natural forage or 17-23 t/ha of hay.
more abstractGalega orientalis, variety Speranța, biological features, chemical composition, forage value.
Presentation: oral
DownloadINTRODUCTION AND AGRO ECONOMICAL VALUE OF SORGHUM ALMUM IN REPUBLIC OF MOLDOVA pag. 232-237
Victor ŢÎŢEI 1, Alexandru MUNTEAN 2, Valentina COŞMAN 3Introduction: Taking into account the expansion of areas of degraded soils and the frequency of droughts in our country is necessary to mobilize and introduction new species that would ensure production in these severe conditions. An essential role may have plants of the genus Sorghum. Aims: The objective of this research was to evaluate yield and fodder value, biomass calorific value of new species Sorghum almum Parodi in Moldova’ conditions. Materials and methods: The species Sorghum almum Parodi, which were cultivated in the Botanical Garden (Institute) of the ASM, served as object of study. Investigations on growth and development, productivity and the nutritional value of fodder plants according to known methods were performed. Automatic calorimeter LAGET MS-10A with accessories was used for the biomass calorific value determination. Results: We have established that plants of Sorghum almum appear on the soil surface after 5-7 days from sowing. In the first year develops a strong root system and its aerial part is a bush of 2 - 4 shoots about 2.0 m tall, the plant goes through all phases till full ripening of seeds. In the following years, the resumption of vegetation starts in April and a bush can develop up to 20 shoots which attain a height of 3.0 m. The natural fodder first cut reach 25.0-38.4 t / ha in July, the leaves constituting 31.9-35.9 %; the dry matter - 22.0-29.9%; the protein - 6.8-8.0% abs. dry matter. The fresh mass used as natural forage and for the preparation of silage. To produce solid bio fuel, the Sorghum almum plants can be harvested in August-September by mowing and drying in swaths or by grinding in November-December when the temperatures are below 0 ºC and when the humidity is reduced to 10%. The biomass yield, depending on age and manner of exploitation of the plantation, is about 11-15 t/ha. The bulk density of the biomass is of 118-133 kg/m3, the gross calorific value reaches 18.6 MJ/kg, the ash content - 3.7%. Conclusion: The species Sorghum almum is a promising crop in Moldova’ conditions.
more abstractKeywords: Sorghum almum Parodi, biological peculiarities, productivity, nutritional value, biomass calorific value
Presentation: oral
DownloadHOW DO STUDENTS LEARN? pag. 238-242
Cristina TULBUREAbstract: The issue of learning has been frequently approached within the academic environment. Learning is a generic concept used to describe different processes that change people’s behavior. Also, learning is a fundamental activity for students involved in higher education, as it provides the basis for the further development of professional and cross-sectional competencies. The study aims at approaching two research objectives, namely to analyze the students’ learning process (why they learn; how many techniques of learning they know and use) and to identify to what extent students are interested in learning new and efficient learning techniques. The study has been accomplished during the second semester of the university year 2014-2015 on a sample of 72 students attending the first year of study at the Faculty of Agriculture of a Romanian university. The data was collected using a questionnaire of opinion as a tool that contained a total number of 10 items, 6 items with closed, pre-coded answers, 2 items having semi-opened answers and 2 with open answers. The analyses of answers for each item underline the fact that students are using a limited number of learning techniques and they are very interested in receiving more information regarding other efficient learning strategies. This research brings some openings for the higher education theory and practice, its results being useful to researchers in the field of pedagogy, to teachers involved in university education, pre-service teachers as well as to all those involved in the initial and continuous formation of educators.
more abstractKey words: learning strategies; pre-service teachers; higher education
Presentation: oral
DownloadASPECTS OF EMOTIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN PRIMARY SCHOOL AGE pag. 243-249
Alina TURCULEŢ1 , Cristina TULBURE2Abstract: The problems of educating the emotional abilities have been frequently approached within the academic environment. The subject has been of great interest, from the perspective of both transversal competences formation necessary towards the social and professional insertion of the individual and the identification of efficient educational strategies, in order to acquire this desideratum. Our study has been accomplished during the first semester of the school year 2014-2015 on a batch of primary school pupils from Brașov. The study had as a purpose the identification of pupils’ emotionality coefficients through administrating the emotional intelligence test, a version for children, adapted by Mihaela Roco and tested on the Romanian population. The results follow the line of the previous research, as the pupils have registered average or under average values of emotional intelligence level. The analysis of answers for each item underlines the fact that, for the investigated population, the choice of correct answer is strongly influenced by pupils’ habits and current school activity routines.
more abstractKey words: children, emotional intelligence values, emotional roles learning, social expectations on behavior
Presentation: oral
DownloadINFORMATIVE-FORMATIVE IMPLICATIONS WHEN COMBINING TRADITIONAL AND MODERN TEACHING METHODS IN HIGHER EDUCATION pag. 250-253
Codruţa GAVRILĂ 1, Marina-Mirabela MAREAN1, Viorica BOACĂ1Abstract: In the contemporary world, the teacher is part of society strongly influenced by the progress of science and technique, changing continuously. In this context, the student comes to university with an experience supported by modern communication means. In order to avoid the student’s satiety during study years, the teacher must challenge him through various didactic methods he applies. Optimally projecting and accomplishing didactic activities largely depends on the didactic method and process ensemble used during the educational process, which must adequately solve new learning situations. The teacher’s selection of certain methods represents a complex decision, since methods have a multifunctional character. The strategy projected for each learning situation may efficiently combine traditional and modern methods to finally concretize the desired educational ideal
more abstractKey words: learning situation; didactic strategy; traditional and modern methods; educational ideal
Presentation: oral
DownloadTHE COMPETENCE - THE KEY CONCEPT OF THE EUROPEAN QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK pag. 254-259
Codruţa GAVRILĂ 1, Marina-Mirabela MAREAN1, Viorica BOACĂ1Abstract: Being competent means being able to mobilize an integrated resource ensemble, with the purpose of solving problem situations. In this context, the competence supposes an original answer to a situation, demanding an efficient answer and being characterized by an integrated answer. In Romania, according to the National Education Law no.1./2011, with ulterior changes and additions, ,,competence represents the proven capacity to select, combine and adequately utilize knowledge, abilities and other acquisitions consisting in values and attitudes, for the successful solving of a certain working or learning situation category, as well as for the professional or personal development in efficacy and efficiency conditions”.
more abstractKey words: competence; European Qualification Framework (EQF); efficacy; efficiency
Presentation: oral
DownloadEVALUATION OF MINERAL CONTENT IN CAPSICUM AND BELL PEPPER pag. 260-263
Luminita PIRVULESCUAbstract. This paper presents a mineral content study in four varieties of capsicum annum (yellow and red common capsicum and red and green bell pepper). The results may indicate some directions for using these vegetables for human health benefits.
more abstractKey words: capsicum, mineral content, health benefits
Presentation: oral
DownloadCOMPACTION PHENOMENA WITH NEGATIVE IMPACT ON CONSTRUCTION pag. 264-270
R. BERTICI 1(3), Gh. ROGOBETE2, Silvica ONCIA1, D. ŢĂRĂU1(3), D. DICU1(3), Laura ȘMULEAC1, Anișoara IENCIU1Abstract Soil compaction can be discussed in light of the farmer, in which case include the same process of land degradation due to natural or anthropogenic and secondly in terms of the civil engineer, in which case it is a technological operation, of building foundations, dams, embankments. In soil mechanics for construction, compaction is a process of converting of a soil into a material or rock hard to achieve stable construction. Some authors consider compacting synonymous, partly with compression or consolidation. The paper is based on soil studies conducted by OSPA Timisoara, in the land mapping of Dudeştii Vechi and Sânnicolau Mare, with the effective participation of authors and the experimental tests on the effect of ground compaction by machinery and land reclamation technologies applied. Density measurements have been processed, the apparent density and the porosity calculated and the degree of compaction over the entire thickness of the soil profile. The paper presents the results obtained in only 41 profiles on two representative depths. Compaction is one of the limiting factors of agricultural production, which includes factors ranging from land degradation and affect large areas of agricultural land and cause serious damage to the building.
more abstractKey words: compaction, soil profile, factor, degradation
Presentation: oral
DownloadWILD ORCHID DIVERSITY WTHIN THE NERA GORGES-BEUŞNIŢA NATIONAL PARK HABITATS pag. 271-281
Corina, ARDELEAN1, A., ARDELEAN1, Alma Lioara, NICOLIN2, G.-G., ARSENE2Abstract: The diversity and distribution of wild orchids within the Nera Gorges-Beuşniţa National Park (Caraş-Severin, Romania) was studied between 2009 and 2015. The last documented orchid inventory in the Nera Gorges region was published more than forty years ago. The presence of twenty six out of thirty-three orchid taxa known for this region was confirmed during our investigations. These represent almost half of the orchid species that occur in Romania, many of them being listed in the Annexes of Council Directive 92/43/EEC on the Conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora and in various national and European Red Lists. We discuss here the distribution of orchid taxa in relation to the Natura 2000 habitats identified within the borders of the protected area with remarks on the evolution of chorology of several species.
more abstractKey words: Orchidaceae, distribution, habitats, Nera Gorges-Beuşniţa National Park
Presentation: oral
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